Rate Limiting Enzymes Flashcards
1
Q
Glycolysis
A
Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)
- induced by AMP, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
- inhibited by ATP, citrate
2
Q
Gluconeogenesis
A
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
- inhibited by AMP, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
3
Q
TCA cycle
A
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
- Induced by ADP
- Inhibited by ATP, NADH
4
Q
Glycogenesis
A
Glycogen synthase
- Induced by glucose-6-phosphate, insulin, cortisol
- Inhibited by epinephrine, glucagon
5
Q
HMP shunt
A
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
- Induced by NADP+
- Inhibited by NADPH
6
Q
Glycogenolysis
A
Glycogen phosphorylase
- Induced by epinephrine, glucagon, AMP
- Inhibited by Glucose-6-phosphate, insulin, ATP
7
Q
De novo pyrimidine synthesis
A
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II (CPS-II)
- Induced by ATP, PRPP
- Inhibited by UTP
8
Q
De novo purine synthesis
A
Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase
- Inhibited by AMP, IMP, GMP
9
Q
Urea cycle
A
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (CPS-I)
- induced by N-acetylglatamate
10
Q
Fatty acid synthesis
A
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
- Induced by insulin, citrate
- Inhibited by glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA
11
Q
Fatty acid oxidation
A
Carnitine acyltransferase I
- Inhibited by Malonyl-CoA
12
Q
Ketogenesis
A
HMG-CoA synthase
13
Q
Cholesterol synthesis
A
HMG-CoA Reductase
- Induced by insulin, thyroxine
- Inhibited by glucagon, cholesterol
