Rashes In infants & Children

Question 1

Most commonly used over the counter drug for lice infestation

Answer 1

1% permethrin lotion

Question 2

Fever, mouth pain, whitish ulcers on the soft palata and posterior pharynx, WITHOUT skin lesions

Answer 2

Herpangina (coxsackievirus grp A)

Question 3

Fever, malaise -> oral lesions: painful vesicles on an erythematous base on buccal mucosa, tongue, soft palate, gingiva -> cutaneous lesions: red papules to gray vesicles on palms, soles, hands, and feet

Answer 3

Hand-foot-mouth disease (enterovirus)

Question 4

Fever, conjunctivitis, coryza, cough, erythematous blanching maculopapular lesion that coalesce and appears cephalocaudally and centrifugally which SPARES palms and soles

Answer 4

Measles

Question 5

Rubeola

Answer 5

Measles

Question 6

German measles

Answer 6

Third disease or Rubella

Question 7

Irregular pink macules and papules start on face and spreads centrifugally with suboccipital and posterior auricular lymphadenopathy

Answer 7

German measles = third disease = Rubella

Question 8

Fifth disease

Answer 8

Human Parvovirus B19 (DNA virus)

Question 9

Erythema infectiosum

Answer 9

Fifth disease

Question 10

Fiery red rash on cheeks (butterfly wings pattern) or slapped cheek appearance that spares eyelids and chin with circumoral pallor, fades with central clearing with a reticulated or lacy appearance

Answer 10

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

Question 11

Antiviral for oral herpetic (HSV 1) lesions to SHORTEN duration of symptoms

Answer 11

80mg/kg/d PO in four divided doses for 5-7days

Question 12

Sixth disease

Answer 12

Roseola or Exanthem subitum

Question 13

High grade fever then erythematous maular or maculopapular rash prominent on trunk, neck, and buttocks taht fade rapidly without desquamation

Answer 13

Roseola = sixth disease = exanthem subitum

Question 14

Treatment of choice for tinea capitis

Answer 14

Griseofulvin

Question 15

Topical antibiotic of choice for localized areas of impetigo

Answer 15

Mupirocin 2% applied TID for 7-14days

Question 16

Second disease

Answer 16

Scarlet fever

Question 17

Recommended treatment for Kawasaki disease

Answer 17

High dose aspirin (80-100mg/kg/d) in 4 doses for 14 days then 3-5mg/kg/d for 4-6weeks if without aneurysm and indefinitely for those with aneurysm

IV immunoglobulin 2g/kg in single infusion over 8-12hrs

Question 18

Most common vasculitis in children

Answer 18

Henoch Schonlein Purpura

Question 19

Tetrad of Henoch Schonlein Purpura

Answer 19

Abdominal pain, palpable purpura, renal disease, polyarthralgia

Question 20

Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children

Answer 20

Kawasaki disease