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DDX > Rash > Flashcards

Rash Flashcards

1
Q

Bulla

A

circumscribed, elevated lesion > 1 cm containing serous or hemorrhagic fluid

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2
Q

Macule

A

circumscribed, nonpalpable discoloration of skin

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3
Q

Nodule

A

palpable, solid, round or ellipsoidal lesion > 1 cm, more vertical than wide

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4
Q

Papule

A

elevated, solid lesion

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5
Q

Patch

A

circumscribed, nonpalpable discoloration of skin > 1 cm

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6
Q

Petechiae

A

nonblanching reddish macules

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7
Q

Plaque

A

palpable, solid lesion > 1 cm

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8
Q

Purpura

A

nonblanching reddish macules > 0.3 cm

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9
Q

Pustule

A

lesion containing pus, may be follicular or nonfollicular

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10
Q

Vesicle

A

circumscribed, elevated lesion

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11
Q

Wheal

A

round or annular (ring-like), edematous papule or plaque, evanescent, disappearing within hours

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12
Q

Atrophy

A

depression in the skin resulting from thinning of epidermis, dermis, and/or subQ fat

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13
Q

Crust

A

collection of dried blood, serum, and/or cellular debris

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14
Q

Erosion

A

focal loss of epidermis, does not penetrate below dermal-epidermal junction, can heal w/o scarring

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15
Q

Lichenification

A

thickening of epidermis d/t repeated rubbing, appearing as accentuation of skin markings

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16
Q

Scale

A

excess dead epidermal cells, mb fine, silvery, greasy, desquamative, or adherent

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17
Q

Scar

A

abnormal formation of CT, implying dermal damage

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18
Q

Ulcer

A

focal loss of full-thickness epidermis and partial to full-thickness dermis, often heals w/ scarring

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19
Q

Nikolsky sign

A

further shearing of skin when lateral pressure applied to normal-appearing epidermis in area adjacent to bulla

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20
Q

Morphologic Patterns (9)

A 
Exanthematous eruptions
Papulosquamous dermatoses
Eczematous dermatoses
Vesiculobullous disorders
Pustular dermatoses
Purpuras
Erythemas
Urticaria
Subcutaneous nodules
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21
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have a rash consisting of many small red spots and/or bumps?

A

Exanthematous eruptions

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22
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have scaly spots and/or bumps on your skin?

A

Papulosquamous dermatoses

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23
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have red, itchy, oozy, crusty, and scaly skin?

A

Eczematous dermatoses

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24
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Have blisters developed on your skin?

A

Vesiculobullous disorders

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25
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you ever have bumps on your skin that are filled with fluid?

A

Vesiculobullous disorders

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26
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have “pus bumps” or pimples on your skin?

A

Pustular dermatoses

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27
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have red or purple spots or bumps that do not fade when you press on them? (i.e. lesions are nonblanching)?

A

Purpuras

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28
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have areas of red, hot skin?

A

Erythemas

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29
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have spots on your skin that look like targets?

A

Erythemas

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30
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have hives?

A

Urticaria

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31
Q

Morphologic Pattern: Do you have bumps deep in your skin?

A

Subcutaneous nodules

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32
Q

Exanthematous eruptions (5)

A 
Morbilliform drug eruption
Drug rash w/ eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
Scarlet fever
Viral exanthems
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33
Q

Viral exanthems (4)

A

Measles
Rubella
Roseola
Erythema infectiosum

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34
Q

Papulosquamous dermatoses (8)

A 
Lichen planus
Pityriasis rosea
Psoriasis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Lupus erythematosus
Dermatomyositis
Tinea
Secondary syphilis
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35
Q

Eczematous dermatoses (6)

A 
Atopic dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Irritant contact dermatitis
Venous stasis dermatitis
Autosensitization dermatitis (id rxn)
Systemic contact dermatitis
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36
Q

Vesiculobullous disorders (11)

A 
Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis
Bullous pemphigoid
Pemphigus vulgaris
Porphyria cutanea tarda
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Phytophotodermatitis
HSV infection
Varicella
Zoster
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)
Bullous impetigo
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37
Q

Pustular dermatoses (9)

A 
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
Generalized pustular psoriasis 
Acne vulgaris
Steroid acne
Acne rosacea
Periorificial dermatitis
Folliculitis
Cutaneous candidiasis
Disseminated gonococcal infection
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38
Q

Purpuras (13)

A 
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Schamberg pigmented purpuric dermatosis
Actinic purpura
Scurvy
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Polyarteritis nodosa
Cryoglobulinemia, type I
Cholesterol emboli
Calciphylaxis
Purpura fulminans
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Acute bacterial endocarditis
Ecthyma gangrenosum
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39
Q

Erythemas and urticaria (9)

A 
Phototoxic reactions
Urticaria
Erythema multiforme
Sweet syndrome
Erysipelas
Cellulitis
Necrotizing fasciitis
Lyme disease
Toxic shock syndrome
40
Q

Subcutaneous nodules (6)

A 
Erythema nodosum
Nodular vasculitis
Lipodermatosclerosis
Pancreatic panniculitis
a1-antitrypsin deficiency panniculitis
Lupus panniculitis
41
Q

Serious Dx: Exanthematous eruptions (2)

A

DRESS

GVHD

42
Q

Serious Dx: Papulosquamous dermatoses (3)

A

Erythrodermic psoriasis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Dermatomyositis

43
Q

Serious Dx: Eczematous dermatoses (1)

A

Erythrodermic dermatitis

44
Q

Serious Dx: Vesiculobullous disorders (4)

A

SJS/TEN
Pemphigus vulgaris
Disseminated HSV infection
Disseminated zoster

45
Q

Serious Dx: Pustular dermatoses (3)

A

Generalized pustular psoriasis

Disseminated gonococcal infection

46
Q

Serious Dx: Purpuras (7)

A 
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis w/ systemic involvement
Polyarteritis nodosa
Calciphylaxis
Purpura fulminans
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Actue bacterial endocarditis
Ecthyma gangernosum
47
Q

Serious Dx: Erythemas (4)

A

Urticaria/angioedema associated w/ anaphylaxis
Erysipelas
Necrotizing fasciitis
TSS

48
Q

Serious Dx: Subcutaneous nodules (1)

A

Pancreatic panniculitis

49
Q

Alarm SSx: Painful skin -serious (5)

A 
SJS/TEN
Pemphigus vulgaris
Pustular psoriasis
Calciphylaxis
Necrotizing fasciitis
50
Q

Alarm SSx: Painful skin - benign (2)

A

SSSS

Phototoxic reaction

51
Q

Alarm SSx: Confluent erythema serious (4)

A

DRESS
Acute GVHD
TEN
TSS

52
Q

Alarm SSx: Confluent erythema - benign (4)

A

Severe morbilliform drug eruption
SSSS
AGEP
Scarlet fever

53
Q

Alarm SSx: Erythroderma - serious (7)

A 
Drug eruption
Severe psoriasis
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Atopic dermatitis
Contact dermatitis
Autosensitization dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
54
Q

Erythroderma

A

Redness and scaling involving > 90% of the skin

55
Q

Alarm SSx: Dusky or grayish-purple skin - serious (6)

A 
SJS/TEN
Caliphylaxis
Purpura fulminans
Polyarteritis nodosa
Ecthyma gangernosum
Necrotizing fasciitis
56
Q

Alarm SSx: Widespread blistering or sloughing skin - serious (2)

A

SJS/TEN

Severe pemphigous vulgaris

57
Q

Alarm SSx: Widespread blistering or sloughing skin - benign (2)

A

SSSS

58
Q

Alarm SSx: Painful erosions of the mucous - serious (2)

A

SJS/TEN

Pemphigus vulgaris

59
Q

Alarm SSx: Painful erosions of the mucous - benign (2)

A

Erythema multiforme

HSV infection w/ primary gingivostomatitis

60
Q

Alarm SSx: Palpable purpura - serious (2)

A

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis w/ systemic involvement

Rocky mountain spotted fever

61
Q

Alarm SSx: Palpable purpura - benign (2)

A

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis limited to skin

62
Q

Alarm SSx: Facial swelling - serious (4)

A

DRESS
Acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Dermatomyositis
Angioedema

63
Q

Alarm SSx: Facial swelling - benign (1)

A

AGEP

64
Q

Alarm SSx: Swollen mouth/tongue, difficulty swallowing, tingling on top of mouth, and/or itching of palms/sides - serious (1)

A

Anaphylaxis

65
Q

Alarm SSx: High fever (> 104˚ F) - serious (6)

A 
DRESS
SJS/TEN
Purpura fulminans
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Acute bacterial endocarditis
TSS
66
Q

Alarm SSx: High fever (> 104˚ F) - benign (3)

A

Scarlet fever
Roseola
AGEP

67
Q

Alarm SSx: Arthritis - serious (4)

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus
Disseminated gonococcal infection
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis w/ systemic involvement
Pancreatic panniculitis

68
Q

Alarm SSx: Arthritis - benign (4)

A

Rubella
Erythema infectiosum psoriasis
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis w/ involvement limited to skin
Erythema nodosum

69
Q

Alarm SSx: Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing - serious (1)

A

Anaphylaxis

70
Q

Alarm SSx: Hypotension - serious (4)

A

Purpura fulminans
Ecthyma gangrenosum
Anaphylaxis
TSS

71
Q

Have you started any new medications in the past 2 weeks?

A

Morbilliform drug eruption

72
Q

Have you had a bone marrow or peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation within the past 3 months or recently stopped post-transplantation immunosuppressive medications?

A

GVHD

73
Q

Have you recently had a sore throat, high fever, and headache?

A

Scarlet fever

74
Q

Did you have a cough, runny nose, and red eyes just before developing this rash?

A

Measles

75
Q

Has your child just had a high fever for several days, during which he or she otherwise looked well?

A

Roseola

76
Q

Did your child have bright red cheeks, followed by lacy redness on the arms that is most noticeable when he/she is hot

A

Erythema infectiosum

77
Q

Are your immunizations up to date?

A

If not, measles or rubella

78
Q

Do you have itchy, purple, flat-topped bumps on your wrists or shins that you rub frequently?

A

Lichen planus

79
Q

Do you have an itchy rash in areas exposed to the sun?

A

Lichen planus

80
Q

Have you started a new medication within the past year?

A

Lichenoid drug eruption

81
Q

Did you develop a single scaly pink spot on your trunk, followed by an eruption of multiple but smaller spots?

A

Pityriasis rosea

82
Q

Do you have well-defined areas of thick, red skin covered with silvery scales on your elbows, knees, or scalp?

A

Psoriasis

83
Q

Are the joints of your hands swollen and painful?

A

Psoriasis +/- psoriatic arthritis

84
Q

Do you have a family history of psoriasis?

A

Psoriasis

85
Q

Have you had redness and greasy scaling of your eyebrows, around your nose, and in/around your ears for many years?

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

86
Q

Do you have dandruff?

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

87
Q

Are you particularly sensitive to the sun?

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

88
Q

Have you noticed redness of your cheeks and the top of your nose in a “butterfly” shape?

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

89
Q

Do you have difficulty combing your hair or climbing stairs?

A

Dermatomyositis

90
Q

Have you ever been diagnosed with any kind of cancer?

A

Dermatomyositis

91
Q

Do you have pets, particularly a kitten?

A

Tinea corporis

92
Q

Do you have a history of a genital ulcer in the past 6 months?

A

Secondary syphilis

93
Q

Is your rash extremely itchy?

A

Atopic dermatitis

94
Q

Have you had itchy rashes since childhood?

A

Atopic dermatitis

95
Q

Do you or does anyone in your family have eczema, hay fever, or asthma?

A

Atopic dermatitis

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