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NCLEX > Rapid Review Labs > Flashcards

Rapid Review Labs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Hemoglobin (Hgb)?

Hemoglobin (Hgb) normal range for female and male?

Risky Range for hemoglobin?

Below what number should you call doctor?

Low levels of Hemoglobin (Hgb) indicates?

A

It is protein in red blood cells. It transports oxygen.

Female: 12-16
Male: 14-18

8-11 (Report to HCP) This is due to bleeding or Anemia

7 (Go to heaven or blood transfusion)

Anemia

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2
Q

What is Hematocrit (Hct)?

Hematocrit (Hct) normal range for female and male?

High levels of Hematocrit (Hct) indicates?

Low levels of Hematocrit (Hct) indicates?

A

Percentage of RBC’s to total blood volume

Female: 37-47%
Male: 42-52%

Dehydration (when the labs are high the body is DRY)

Fluid overload (Low liquidy labs), bleeding, anemia, malnutrition

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3
Q

Red blood cells (RBCs) normal range?

High levels of RBC’s indicates?

Low levels of RBC’s indicates?

A

4.5-5.5 million

Polycythemia vera (Polycythemia Vera is a type of blood cancer) or Dehydration (High labs DRY body)

Anemia, Renal Failure (Give Iron or Erythropoeiten)

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4
Q

White blood cells (WBCs) normal range?

High levels of WBC’s indicates?

Low levels of WBC’s indicates?

A

5,000-10,000

  • Leukocytosis (white cell (leukocyte count) is above the normal range in the blood)
  • Active infection
  • Neutropenia/Leukopenia
  • Risk for infection
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5
Q

What are platelets?

Platelets normal range?

Low platelets indicates?

High platelets indicates?

When to report to HCP?

What medications lower platelet count?

A

Small cells that help blood clot

150,000-400,000

Risk for bleeding

Risk for clotting too much

Less than 150 report to HCP
Anything less than 50 gets risky

AsPrin, CloPidrogel, and EnoxaParin (Think of P’s)

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6
Q

Sodium Normal Range

What follows sodium?

A

135-145

Water

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7
Q

Potassium Normal Range

A

3.5-5

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8
Q

Calcium Normal Range

A

8.5-10.5

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9
Q

Magnesium Normal Range

A

1.5-2.5

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10
Q

Chloride Normal Range

A

95-105

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11
Q

Phosphorus Normal Range

A

2.4-4.5

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12
Q

Normal Glucose Level

What level is considered hypoglycemia?

What level is considered critical hyperglycemia?

A

70-100

Less than 70

350 (Think of DKA)

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13
Q

What is BUN (Blood, Urea, Nitrogen)?

BUN Normal Range

High level of BUN indicates?

A

Amount of nitrogen in the blood

5-20

Decreasing Kidney Function, AKI, Chronic Renal failure, heart failure/dehydration

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14
Q

What is creatinine?

Creatinine Normal Range

High levels of Creatinine indicates?

A

It is a waste product of the kidneys

0.6-1.2

AKI and Chronic Renal Failure (CKD)
(Think if Creatinine is HIGH the kidney’s have DIED)

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15
Q

What is GFR (Glomerular filtration rate)?

GFR normal range?

Low levels of GFR indicates?

What changes with GFR?

Anything less than 15 indicates?

A

Tiny filters in the kidney. Estimates how much blood goes through filters every minute.

Greater than 60

Kidney failure

Changes with age

Renal failure

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16
Q

What is total protein?

Total protein normal range?

What does Total protein help ascess with?

A

Total amount of protein in the blood made from albumin and globulins.

6.2-8.2

Nutritional status, liver and kidney issues

17
Q

What is albumin?

Albumin Normal Range

High albumin indicates?

Low albumin indicates?

A

Amount of albumin in the blood

3.4-5.4

Dehydration

Malnutrition, liver failure

18
Q

Bilirubin Normal Range

Increased bilirubin indicates?

A

Less than 1

Liver failure

19
Q

Ammonia Normal Range

High ammonia levels indicates?

Elevated ammonia levels can cause patients to be:

A

15-45

liver failure or kidney failure

Confused

20
Q

AST Normal Range

A

10-40

21
Q

ALT Normal Range

A

7-56

22
Q

ALP Normal Range

A

40-120

23
Q

When you get all three AST, ALT, ALP, it is a liver panel and referred to as:

High AST, ALT, ALP indicates?

A

Liver Function Test

Liver disease or damage

24
Q

aPTT test what?

When not on anticoagulants (Warfarin or Heparin) what is the range for aPTT?

On Heparin “therapeutic aPTT” is what range?

A

Intrinsic coagulaltion cascade

30-40 seconds

46-70 seconds

25
Q

Prothrombin Time (PT) tests what?

Normal range for PT?

A

Extrinsic coagulation cascade

10-12 seconds

26
Q

INR is calculated from a PT and is used to monitor how well what is working?

When not on anticoagulants what is the range for INR?

Taking Warfarin “therapeutic INR” is what range?

A

Warfarin

Less than 1

2-3

27
Q

Troponin tests for what?

Troponin normal range?

Elevated troponin levels indicates?

A

Heart injury

0-0.4

Myocardial infarction

28
Q

What is BNP?

What does BNP test for?

BNP normal range?

Increased BNP levels indicate?

A

Peptide produced in the heart. They are released when the heart senses it needs to work harder.

CHF

Less than 125

Heart disease and CHF

29
Q

Total cholesterol normal range?

High cholesterol levels indicate?

HDL normal range?

LDL normal range?

Triglycerides normal range?

A

Less than 200

Cardiovascular disease

More than 60 (HDL is good cholesterol. Thing “H” for hero)

Less than 100 (LDL is bad cholesterol)

Less than 150

30
Q

HbA1C non-diabetic normal range?

Target level for diabetic?

More than what is considered diabetic?

A

4-5.6%

Less than 7%

6.5

NCLEX (1 decks)

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