Rapid Review Labs Flashcards
What is Hemoglobin (Hgb)?
Hemoglobin (Hgb) normal range for female and male?
Risky Range for hemoglobin?
Below what number should you call doctor?
Low levels of Hemoglobin (Hgb) indicates?
It is protein in red blood cells. It transports oxygen.
Female: 12-16
Male: 14-18
8-11 (Report to HCP) This is due to bleeding or Anemia
7 (Go to heaven or blood transfusion)
Anemia
What is Hematocrit (Hct)?
Hematocrit (Hct) normal range for female and male?
High levels of Hematocrit (Hct) indicates?
Low levels of Hematocrit (Hct) indicates?
Percentage of RBC’s to total blood volume
Female: 37-47%
Male: 42-52%
Dehydration (when the labs are high the body is DRY)
Fluid overload (Low liquidy labs), bleeding, anemia, malnutrition
Red blood cells (RBCs) normal range?
High levels of RBC’s indicates?
Low levels of RBC’s indicates?
4.5-5.5 million
Polycythemia vera (Polycythemia Vera is a type of blood cancer) or Dehydration (High labs DRY body)
Anemia, Renal Failure (Give Iron or Erythropoeiten)
White blood cells (WBCs) normal range?
High levels of WBC’s indicates?
Low levels of WBC’s indicates?
5,000-10,000
- Leukocytosis (white cell (leukocyte count) is above the normal range in the blood)
- Active infection
- Neutropenia/Leukopenia
- Risk for infection
What are platelets?
Platelets normal range?
Low platelets indicates?
High platelets indicates?
When to report to HCP?
What medications lower platelet count?
Small cells that help blood clot
150,000-400,000
Risk for bleeding
Risk for clotting too much
Less than 150 report to HCP
Anything less than 50 gets risky
AsPrin, CloPidrogel, and EnoxaParin (Think of P’s)
Sodium Normal Range
What follows sodium?
135-145
Water
Potassium Normal Range
3.5-5
Calcium Normal Range
8.5-10.5
Magnesium Normal Range
1.5-2.5
Chloride Normal Range
95-105
Phosphorus Normal Range
2.4-4.5
Normal Glucose Level
What level is considered hypoglycemia?
What level is considered critical hyperglycemia?
70-100
Less than 70
350 (Think of DKA)
What is BUN (Blood, Urea, Nitrogen)?
BUN Normal Range
High level of BUN indicates?
Amount of nitrogen in the blood
5-20
Decreasing Kidney Function, AKI, Chronic Renal failure, heart failure/dehydration
What is creatinine?
Creatinine Normal Range
High levels of Creatinine indicates?
It is a waste product of the kidneys
0.6-1.2
AKI and Chronic Renal Failure (CKD)
(Think if Creatinine is HIGH the kidney’s have DIED)
What is GFR (Glomerular filtration rate)?
GFR normal range?
Low levels of GFR indicates?
What changes with GFR?
Anything less than 15 indicates?
Tiny filters in the kidney. Estimates how much blood goes through filters every minute.
Greater than 60
Kidney failure
Changes with age
Renal failure
What is total protein?
Total protein normal range?
What does Total protein help ascess with?
Total amount of protein in the blood made from albumin and globulins.
6.2-8.2
Nutritional status, liver and kidney issues
What is albumin?
Albumin Normal Range
High albumin indicates?
Low albumin indicates?
Amount of albumin in the blood
3.4-5.4
Dehydration
Malnutrition, liver failure
Bilirubin Normal Range
Increased bilirubin indicates?
Less than 1
Liver failure
Ammonia Normal Range
High ammonia levels indicates?
Elevated ammonia levels can cause patients to be:
15-45
liver failure or kidney failure
Confused
AST Normal Range
10-40
ALT Normal Range
7-56
ALP Normal Range
40-120
When you get all three AST, ALT, ALP, it is a liver panel and referred to as:
High AST, ALT, ALP indicates?
Liver Function Test
Liver disease or damage
aPTT test what?
When not on anticoagulants (Warfarin or Heparin) what is the range for aPTT?
On Heparin “therapeutic aPTT” is what range?
Intrinsic coagulaltion cascade
30-40 seconds
46-70 seconds
Prothrombin Time (PT) tests what?
Normal range for PT?
Extrinsic coagulation cascade
10-12 seconds
INR is calculated from a PT and is used to monitor how well what is working?
When not on anticoagulants what is the range for INR?
Taking Warfarin “therapeutic INR” is what range?
Warfarin
Less than 1
2-3
Troponin tests for what?
Troponin normal range?
Elevated troponin levels indicates?
Heart injury
0-0.4
Myocardial infarction
What is BNP?
What does BNP test for?
BNP normal range?
Increased BNP levels indicate?
Peptide produced in the heart. They are released when the heart senses it needs to work harder.
CHF
Less than 125
Heart disease and CHF
Total cholesterol normal range?
High cholesterol levels indicate?
HDL normal range?
LDL normal range?
Triglycerides normal range?
Less than 200
Cardiovascular disease
More than 60 (HDL is good cholesterol. Thing “H” for hero)
Less than 100 (LDL is bad cholesterol)
Less than 150
HbA1C non-diabetic normal range?
Target level for diabetic?
More than what is considered diabetic?
4-5.6%
Less than 7%
6.5
