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Surgery > Rapid fire review > Flashcards

Rapid fire review Flashcards

1
Q

Elderly woman, SBO, and air in biliary tract

A

Gallstone ileus

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2
Q

Elderly woman with pain down inner aspect of thigh

A

Obturator hernia (Howship-Romberg sign)

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3
Q

Abdominal pain, hypotension, and abdominal pulsatile mass

A

Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

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4
Q

Abdominal pain “out of proportion” to abdominal exam

A

Mesenteric ischemia

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5
Q

Arm pain and syncope with arm movement

A

Subclavian steal syndrome

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6
Q

Increasing creatinine on ACE inhibitor

A

Renal artery stenosis

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7
Q

Child with MIDLINE neck mass

A

Thyroglossal duct cyst

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8
Q

Child with LATERAL neck mass

A

Branchial cleft cyst

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9
Q

Crush injury and dark urine

A

Myoglobinuria

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10
Q

Emesis, chest pain radiating to back, and mediastinal air

A

Boerhaave’s

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11
Q

Lower GI bleed +technetium pertechnetate scan

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

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12
Q

Flushing, diarrhea, and right-sided heart failure

A

Carcinoid

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13
Q

Pneumaturia and LLQ pain

A

Colovesicular fistula

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14
Q

Desmoid tumor, osteoma, and colon cancer

A

Gardner’s syndrome

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15
Q

Epigastric pain radiating to back and flank ecchymosis

A

Hemorrhagic pancreatitis

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16
Q

Pancreatitis and palpable epigastric mass

A

Pancreatic pseudocyst

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17
Q

Liver abscess with “anchovy paste”

A

Amebic abscess

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18
Q

RUQ pain, travel, and exposure to sheep

A

Hydatid cyst

Echinococcus granulosus

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19
Q

Caput medusa

A

Portal hypertension

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20
Q

45-year-old woman with RUQ pain for 12 hours, fever, and leukocytosis

A

Acute cholecystitis

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21
Q

Elderly man with large nontender palpable gallbladder

A

Pancreatic cancer (Courvoisier’s sign)

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22
Q

Female taking birth control pills with liver mass

A

Hepatic adenoma

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23
Q

Liver tumor with “central scar”

A

Focal nodular hyperplasia

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24
Q

Pancreatic mass, gallstones, diabetes, and diarrhea

A

Somatostatinoma

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25
Q

RUQ bruit and CHF in young adult

A

Liver hemangioma

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26
Q

Excruciating pain with bowel movement

A

Anal fissure

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27
Q

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anal fistulae

A

Crohn’s disease

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28
Q

Buccal mucosa with pigmentation

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

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29
Q

LLQ pain, fever, and change in bowel habits

A

Diverticulitis

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30
Q

Elevated urine 5-HIAA

A

Carcinoid

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31
Q

Institutionalized, abdominal pain, vomiting, and distention, with proximal colonic dilation

A

Sigmoid volvulus

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32
Q

Newborn with failure to pass meconium in first 24 hours

A

Hirschsprung’s

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33
Q

Infant with bilious vomiting

A

Malrotation

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34
Q

Newborn with abdominal defect and umbilical cord on sac

A

Omphalocele

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35
Q

Teenager with knee pain and “onion skinning” on x-ray

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

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36
Q

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure less than 18, CXR with bilateral pul- monary infiltrates, and PaO2:FiO2 ratio less than 200

A

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

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37
Q

Increased peak airway pressure, low urine output, and urinary bladder greater than 􏰄25 mmHg

A

Abdominal compartment syndrome

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38
Q

Newborn with inability to “pass an NGT”

A

Esophageal atresia

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39
Q

Traumatic blinding in one eye followed by blindness in the contralateral eye
2 weeks later

A

Sympathetic ophthalmia

40
Q

Mitotic pupil, ptosis, and anhydrosis

A

Horner’s syndrome

41
Q

Traumatic head injury, conscious in ER followed by unconsciousness

A

Epidural hematoma (“lucid interval”)

42
Q

Hematuria, flank pain, and abdominal mass (palpable)

43
Q

60-year-old white man with painless hematuria

A

Bladder cancer

44
Q

RUQ pain, jaundice, and fever

A

Cholangitis

45
Q

Epigastric pain radiating to back, with nausea and vomiting

A

Pancreatitis

46
Q

Chest pain radiating to back and described as a “tearing” pain

A

Aortic dissection

47
Q

40-year-old man with tachycardia/ hypertension

and confusion on postoperative day #2

A

Alcohol withdrawal

48
Q

Marfanoid body habitus and mucosal neuromas

49
Q

Psammoma bodies

A

Papillary thyroid cancer

50
Q

Thyroid tumor with AMYLOID tissue

A

Thyroid medullary cancer

51
Q

PALPABLE neck tumor and hypercalcemia

A

Parathyroid cancer

52
Q

Hypertension, diaphoresis (episodic), and palpitations

A

Pheochromocytoma

53
Q

Jejunal ulcers

A

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

54
Q

Pituitary tumor, pancreatic tumor, and parathyroid tumor

55
Q

Necrotizing migratory erythema

A

Glucagonoma

56
Q

Medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and hyperparathyroidism

57
Q

Hypokalemia refractory to IV potassium

supplementation

A

Hypomagnesemia

58
Q

Newborn with pneumatosis

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)

59
Q

Child with abdominal mass that crosses midline

A

Neuroblastoma

60
Q

Child younger than 4 years of age with abdominal tumor that does NOT cross midline

A

Wilms’ tumor

61
Q

“Currant jelly” stools and abdominal colic

A

Intussusception

62
Q

Femur fracture, respiratory failure, petechiae, and mental status changes

A

Fat embolism

63
Q

Hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo

A

Ménière’s disease

64
Q

Adolescent boy with nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis

A

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

65
Q

Child younger than 5 years of age sitting upright and drooling, with “hot- potato” voice

A

Epiglottitis

66
Q

Angina, syncope, and CHF

A

Aortic stenosis

67
Q

Tobacco use, asbestos exposure, and pleuritic chest pain

A

Mesothelioma

68
Q

Supracondylar fracture and contracture of forearm flexors

A

Volkmann’s contracture

69
Q

Tibia fracture, “pain out of proportion,” pain on passive foot movement, and palpable pulses

A

Compartment syndrome

70
Q

25-year-old man with liver mass with fibrous septae and NO history of cirrhosis or hepatitis

A

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

71
Q

EKG with flattening of T waves and U waves

A

Hypokalemia

72
Q

Central pontine myelinosis

A

Too-rapid correction of hyponatremia

73
Q

Polydipsia, polyuria, and constipation

A

Hypercalcemia

74
Q

Factor VIII deficiency

A

Hemophilia A

75
Q

Abdominal pain, fever, hypotension, HYPERkalemia, and HYPOnatremia

A

Adrenal insufficiency (Addisonian crisis)

76
Q

Massive urine output and HYPERnatremia

A

Diabetes insipidus

77
Q

Increased urine osmolality,

HYPOnatremia, and low serum osmolality

78
Q

IV antibiotics, fever, diarrhea

A

Clostridium difficile pseudomembranous colitis

79
Q

Bleeding gums and wound dehiscence

A

Vitamin C deficiency

80
Q

Fever, central line, and HYPERglycemia

A

Central line infection

81
Q

Appendectomy followed by fever and abdominal pain on post- operative day #7

A

Peritoneal abscess

82
Q

Advancing crepitus, fever, and blood blisters

A

Necrotizing fasciitis

83
Q

High INTRAoperative fever

A

Malignant hyperthermia

84
Q

Confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

85
Q

Tracheal deviation, decreased breath sounds, and hyperresonance

A

Tension pneumothorax

86
Q

Hypotension, decreased heart sounds, and JVD

A

Pericardial tamponade

87
Q

Four ribs broken in two places and

pulmonary contusion

A

Flail chest

88
Q

Otorrhea (clear) and Battle’s sign

A

Basilar skull fracture

89
Q

Ulcer and decreased pain with food

A

Duodenal ulcer

90
Q

Vomiting, retching, and epigastric pain

A

Mallory-Weiss tear

91
Q

Fever on postoperative day #1, with “bronze” weeping, tender wound

A

Clostridial wound infection

92
Q

Hematochezia and tenesmus

A

Rectal cancer

93
Q

Upper GI bleed, jaundice, and RUQ pain

94
Q

Gallstones, epigastric pain radiating to back, and nausea

A

Gallstone pancreatitis

95
Q

18-year-old woman with bloody nipple discharge

A

Ductal papilloma

96
Q

Irritability, diaphoresis, weakness, tremulousness, and palpitations

A

Insulinoma

Surgery (15 decks)

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