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Rapid Review Cards > Rapid Fire Facts - DIT > Flashcards

Rapid Fire Facts - DIT Flashcards

1
Q

Continuous Machinery-like heart murmur

A

Patent Ductus Arteries (PDA)

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2
Q

“Boot Shaped Heart”

A

Tetralogy of Fallot (infant) - RV Hypertrophy (COPD, pHTN, Adults)

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3
Q

Rib Notching

A

Coarctation of the Aorta

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4
Q

Most common congenital cardiac anomaly

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

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5
Q

Most common congenital cause of early cyanosis

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

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6
Q

Sensitivity

A

A/(A+C), PID {positive in disease], 1-false negative rate

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7
Q

Specificity

A

D/(D+B), NIH [negative in health]

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8
Q

Positive Predictive Value (PPV)

A

A/(A+B), will increased with increased disease prevalence

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9
Q

Negative Predictive Value (NPV)

A

D/(D+C), will decreased with increased disease prevalence

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10
Q

Hepatomegaly, abdominal pain, ascities

A

Budd-Chiari Syndrome

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11
Q

Green/yellow corneal deposits

A

Wilson Disease

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12
Q

Low Serum Ceruloplasmin

A

Wilson Disease

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13
Q

Cirrhosis, Diabetes and hyperpigmentation

A

Hemochromatosis

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14
Q

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

A

HBV, HCV, Wilson, Hemochromatosis, α1 antitrypsin deficiency, Hepatic adenoma, Alcoholic cirrhosis

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15
Q

Uniateral facial drooping involving the forehead

A

Bell Palsy

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16
Q

Ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis

A

Horner Syndrome

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17
Q

Most common Thyroid Cancer

A

Papillary Carcinoma

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18
Q

Cold Intolerance

A

Hypothyroism

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19
Q

Enlarged thyroid cell with ground-glass nuclei

A

“orphan Anne eyes” - Papillary Carcinoma

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20
Q

Relative Risk

A

A/(A+B) / C/(C+D)

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21
Q

Odds Ratio

A

A/B / C/D

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22
Q

Attributable Risk

A

A (exposed) - C (not exposed)

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23
Q

Absolute risk reduction

A

C/(C+D) [not tx] - A/(A+B) [tx]

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24
Q

Number needed to treat

A

1/Absolute risk reduction

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25
Q

Keratin pearls on skin biopsy

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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26
Q

Most common malignant skin tumor

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

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27
Q

Painful cyanosis of the fingers and toes, with hemolytic anemia

A

Cold Agglutinins

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28
Q

Red urine in the morning, and fragile RBCs

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

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29
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly Bodies

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30
Q

Autosplenectomy

A

Sickle Cell Disease

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31
Q

Drug used to treat sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea

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32
Q

Most common opportunistic infection in HIV Patients

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP)

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33
Q

Prophylaxis for Cryptococcus in AIDS patients

A

Fluconazole

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34
Q

Prophylaxis for PCP in AIDS patients

A

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)

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35
Q

Treatment for Sporothrix schenckii

A

Oral potassium iodine or Itraconazole

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36
Q

Treatment for oral candidiasis

A

Nystatin or fluconazole

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37
Q

Treatment for systemic candidiasis

A

Amphotericin B

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38
Q

Antiplatelet Antibodies

A

ITP

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39
Q

Bleeding disorder with GpIb deficiency

A

Bernard-Soulier disease

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40
Q

Most common inherited bleeding disorder

A

von Willebrand Disease

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41
Q

Low Potency Neuroleptic Drugs

A

Chlorpromazine, thioridazine

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42
Q

Clozapine

A

Agranulocytosis

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43
Q

Bilateral Hilar Adenopathy, uveitis

A

Sarcoidosis

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44
Q

Vasculitis and glomerulonephritis

A

Goodpasture syndrome and Wegener Granulomatosis

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45
Q

Anti-flomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture syndrome

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46
Q

Honeycomb lung on x-ray

A

Interstitial Fibrosis

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47
Q

“tennis racket” shaped cytoplasmic organelles

A

Birbeck granules (Eosinophilic Granulomatosis)

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48
Q

Treatment for Chronic hepatitis

A

Interferon - α

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49
Q

Most common cause of neural tube defects

A

Folate deficiency

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50
Q

Most common cause of congenital malformation in the US

A

Alcohol Use

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51
Q

Most common cause of congenital intellectual disability in the US

A

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

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52
Q

Hyperflexible joints, arachnodactyly, aortic dissection, lens dislocation

A

Marfan Syndrome

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53
Q

Hereditary nephritis, cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss

A

Alport Syndrome

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54
Q

Unilateral facial drooping involving the forehead

A

Bell’s Palsy

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55
Q

“worse headache of my life”

A

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

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56
Q

Lucid interval following head trauma

A

Epidural Hemorrhage

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57
Q

Bloody CSF on LP

A

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

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58
Q

Most common cause of subdural hematoma

A

Rupture of Bridging Veins

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59
Q

Most common cause of epidural hematoma

A

Rupture of Middle Meningeal Artery

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60
Q

Treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

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61
Q

Treatment for absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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62
Q

Treatment for tonic-clonic seizures

A

Valproic Acid, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine

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63
Q

Amyloid deposits in gray matter of the brain

A

Senile plaques (Alzheimer Disease)

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64
Q

Drooling Farmer

A

Organophosphate Poisoning

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65
Q

Medial treatment for pheochromocytoma

A

α-antagonist

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66
Q

Selective α-antagonist used to treat BPH

A

Tamsulosin

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67
Q

Bounding pulses, head-bobbing, diastolic murmur

A

Aortic Regurgitation

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68
Q

Chest pain, pericardial friction rub, persistant fever occurring several weeks after an MI

A

Dressler Syndrome

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69
Q

Bone enlargement, bone pain, arthritis

A

Paget Disease of the Bone

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70
Q

Vertebral compression fractures

A

Osteoporosis

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71
Q

Positive anterior drawer sign

A

ACL injury

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72
Q

Swollen, hard, painful finger joints

A

Osteoarthritis

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73
Q

Swollen, boggy, painful finger joints

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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74
Q

Cartilage erosion with polished bone beneath

A

Osteoarthritis

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75
Q

Swollen, red, acutely painful great toe joint

A

Gout

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76
Q

Positively birefringent rhomboid-shaped crystals

A

Pseudogout

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77
Q

Negatively birefringent needle-shaped crystals

A

Gout

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78
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

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79
Q

HLA-B27

A

Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

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80
Q

Anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA antibodies

A

SLE

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81
Q

Anti-histone antibodies

A

Drug induced lupus

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82
Q

Anti-centromere antibodies

A

CREST Scleroderma

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83
Q

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

A

Diffuse Systemic Scleroderma

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84
Q

Anti-Jo-1 antibodies

A

Polymyositis

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85
Q

Anti-SSA and Anti-SSB antibodies

A

Sjogren syndrome

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86
Q

Facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in a young woman

A

SLE

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87
Q

Arthritis, dry mouth, and dry eyes

A

Sjogren syndrome

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88
Q

Most common cause of death in SLE

A

Lupus nephropathy/nephritis

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89
Q

Keratin pearls on skin biopsy

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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90
Q

Most common malignant skin tumor

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

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91
Q

Most Common cancer in men

A

Prostate Carcinoma

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92
Q

Most common cause of urinary obstruction in men

A

Benign Prostatic HyperPLASIA

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93
Q

Most common treatment for erectile dysfunction

A

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

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94
Q

Dysplastic cervical cells with enlarged, dark nuclei

A

Koilocytes (HPV infections)

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95
Q

Diesthylstilbestrol (DES) exposure

A

Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma

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96
Q

Most common tumor in women

A

leiomyoma

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97
Q

Most common gynecologic malignancy in the US

A

Endometrial carcinoma

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98
Q

Most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide

A

Cervical Carcinoma

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99
Q

Chocolate cyst of the ovary

A

Endometriosis

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100
Q

Most common benign ovarian tumor

A

Serous Cystadenoma

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101
Q

Most common malignant ovarian tumor

A

Serous Cystadenocarcinoma

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102
Q

Disarrayed granolas cells in eosinophilic fluid

A

Call-exner bodies (Granulosa-thecal cell tumors)

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103
Q

Most common genetic cause of intellectual disability

A

Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)

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104
Q

Second most common genetic cause of intellectual disability

A

Fragile X Syndrome

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105
Q

Horseshoe kidney, congenital heart defects, streak ovaries, and cystic hygroma

A

Turner Syndrome

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106
Q

Rocker-bottom feet, clenched hands, microcephaly with prominent occiput and small jaw

A

Trisomy 18 (Edward Syndrome)

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107
Q

Most common cancer in women in the US

A

Breast Cancer

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108
Q

Most common benign breast tumor

A

Fibroadenoma

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109
Q

Most common malignant breast tumor

A

Invasive ductal carcinoma

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110
Q

Blue dome cyst in the breast

A

Fibrocystic Change

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111
Q

Treatment for ER (+) breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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112
Q

Red, Itchy, Swollen rash on the areola and nipple

A

Paget Disease of the Breast

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113
Q

Branching, filamentous Gram (+) rods with sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israelii

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114
Q

Food poisoning due to exotoxin

A

S. aureus and Bacillus cereus

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115
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease

A

Salmonella

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116
Q

Most common medication used for UTI prophylaxis

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

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117
Q

Most common bacteria in a patient with strive kidney stones

A

Proteus (then Staph)

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118
Q

Standard treatment for T. pallidum

A

Penicillin G

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119
Q

Cellulitis from a dog or cat bite

A

Pasteurella multocida

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120
Q

A non-painful, indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

A

Chancre of primary syphilis

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121
Q

Moist, smooth, flat, white genital lesion

A

Condylomata late of secondary syphilis

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122
Q

Large bull’s eye rash

A

Erythema migrants due to Lyme disease

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123
Q

Calcified granuloma in the lungs, plus hillier lymphadenopathy

A

Ghon complex

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124
Q

Back pain, fever, night sweats, and weight loss

A

Pott’s Disease

125
Q

Standard treatment regiment for TB

A

Rifampin, INH, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol (RIPE)

126
Q

Eczema, recurrent cold abscesses, high serum IgE

A

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (Job syndrome)

127
Q

Large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes

A

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

128
Q

Toe extension upon stimulating the sole of the foot with a blunt instrument

A

Babinski reflex

129
Q

Hyperreflexia, increased muscle tone, and positive babinski sign

A

Upper Motor Neuron lesion

130
Q

Hyporeflexia, decreased muscle tone, and muscle atrophy

A

Lower Motor Neuron lesion

131
Q

Depigmentation of the substantia nigra

A

Parkinson Disease

132
Q

Chorea, dementia, and atrophy of the caudate and putamen

A

Huntington Disease

133
Q

Eosinophilic inclusions of in the cytoplasm of neurons

A

Lewy Bodies

134
Q

Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, with nystagmus and diplopia during lateral gaze

A

Internuclear opthalmoplegia

135
Q

Degeneration of the dorsal columns

A

Tabes dorsalis

136
Q

Demyelination disease in a young woman

A

Multiple sclerosis

137
Q

Mixed upper and lower motor neuron disease

A

ALS

138
Q

Newborn with arm paralysis following a difficult labor

A

Erb-Duchenne Palsy

139
Q

Most Common cause of dementia

A

Alzheimer Disease

140
Q

Second most common cause of dementia

A

Multi-infarct dementia

141
Q

Extracellular amyloid deposits in the grey matter

A

Alzheimer Disease

142
Q

Intracellular deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau protein

A

Alzheimer Disease

143
Q

Intracellular spherical aggregates of tau proteins seen on silver stain

A

Pick disease (Frontal-temporal dementia)

144
Q

Dysphagia, glossitis, and iron deficiency anemia

A

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

145
Q

Hematemesis with retching

A

Mallory Weiss tear

146
Q

Mucin-filled cell with a peripheral nucleus

A

Signet ring cell (Gastric Cancer, LCIS)

147
Q

Most common type of stomach cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

148
Q

Ovarian Metastasis from gastric cancer

A

Krukenberg Tumor

149
Q

Gastric ulcerations and high gastrin levels

A

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

150
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with elevated ICP or head trauma

A

Cushing ulcer

151
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

A

Curling ulcer

152
Q

Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy and hyperpigmentation

A

Whipple disease

153
Q

Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies

A

Celiac disease

154
Q

Vitamin given to pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects

A

Folic acid

155
Q

Most common surgery emergency

A

Appendicitis

156
Q

Term for severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness

A

McBurney’s Point

157
Q

Most common cancer of the appendix

A

Carcinoid Tumor

158
Q

GI hamartomas, hyperpigmentation of the mouth and hands

A

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

159
Q

Multiple colon polyps, osteomas, soft tissue tumors

A

Gardner syndrome

160
Q

“Apple core” lesion on barium enema

A

Colon Cancer

161
Q

Most common site of colonic diverticula

A

Sigmoid Colon

162
Q

“String sign” on contrast x-ray

A

Crohn Disease

163
Q

“Lead pipe” appearance of colon on contrast x-ray

A

Ulcerative Colitis

164
Q

Painless jaundice

A

Pancreatic Cancer

165
Q

Most common causes of acute pancreatitis

A

Gallstones & Alcohol

166
Q

Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis

A

Alcohol abuse

167
Q

Severe Hyperbilirubininemia in a neonate

A

Crigler-Najjar syndrome (Type I)

168
Q

Mild, benign hyperbilirubinemia

A

Gilbert Syndrome

169
Q

Triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes

A

Fatty Liver Disease

170
Q

Eosinophilic inclusions in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes

A

Mallory Bodies

171
Q

Cancer closely linked to cirrhosis

A

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

172
Q

Hepatomegaly, abdominal pain, ascites

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome

173
Q

Green/yellow corneal deposits

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings (Wilson Disease)

174
Q

Low serum ceruloplasm

A

Wilson Disease

175
Q

Cirrhosis, diabetes, and hyperpigmentation

A

Hemochromatosis (Bronze diabetes)

176
Q

Chronic sinusitis, infertility and situs inversus

A

Kartagener Syndrome

177
Q

Elevated D-dimer

A

PE, DVT

178
Q

Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, stasis in blood

A

Virchow’s Triad

179
Q

Blue bloater

A

Hypoxemia, hypercapnia (Chronic bronchitis)

180
Q

Pink puffer

A

Dyspnea, hyperventilation (Emphysema)

181
Q

Curschmann’s Spirals

A

Shed epithelium from mucus plugs (Asthma)

182
Q

Most common cause of pulmonary hypertension

A

COPD

183
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopaty, uveitis

A

Sarcoidosis

184
Q

Vasculitis and glomerulonephritis

A

Goodpasture, Wegener

185
Q

Anti-glomerular basement membrane autibodies

A

Goodpasture

186
Q

Honey comb lung on x-ray

A

Interstitial fiborsis

187
Q

“tennis-racket” shaped cytoplasmic organelles

A

Birbeck granules

188
Q

Iron-Containing nodules in the alveolar septum

A

Ferruginous bodies`

189
Q

Lung Cancer associated with SIADH

A

Small Cell Lung Cancer

190
Q

Tumor associated with Horner Syndrome

A

Pancoast Tumor

191
Q

Splinter hemorrhages under the fingernails

A

Infective endocarditis

192
Q

Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers

A

Roth spots (infective endocarditis)

193
Q

Heart valve most commonly involved in infective endocarditis

A

Mitral valve

194
Q

Heart valve most commonly involved in an IV drug user with infective endocarditis

A

Tricuspid valve

195
Q

Granulomatous nodules in the heart

A

Aschoff Bodies (rheumatic heart disease)

196
Q

Most common primary cardiac tumor in adults

A

Left Atrial Myxoma

197
Q

Most common primary cardiac tumor in children

A

Rhabdomyoma

198
Q

Most common cause of constrictive pericarditis

A

US; SLE - Developing world:TB

199
Q

Cold, pale painful digits

A

Raynaud phenomenon

200
Q

c-ANCA

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

201
Q

p-ANCA

A

MIcroscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss

202
Q

Treatment for Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

203
Q

Treatment for temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

204
Q

Most common etiology of bacterial meningitis in neonates

A

Group B Strep

205
Q

Most common etiology of bacterial meningitis in children

A

S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis

206
Q

Most common etiology of bacterial meningitis in adults

A

S. pneumoniae

207
Q

Osteomyelitis in an IV drug user

A

S. aureus, Psedomonas

208
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell patient

A

Salmonella

209
Q

Most common reportable STD

A

Chlamydia

210
Q

Non-painful, indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

A

Primary Syphilis

211
Q

Painful, indurated, ulcerated genital lesion with exudate

A

Chancroid

212
Q

Stippled vaginal epithelial cell on a wet prep of vaginal discharge

A

Bacterial vaginosis (Gardenella)

213
Q

Common treatment for syphilis

A

Penicillin G

214
Q

Common treatment for Trichomonas

A

Metronidazole

215
Q

Common treatment for Chlamydia

A

Doxycycline or Azithromycin

216
Q

Common treatment for gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

217
Q

A boy with self-mutilating behavior, intellectual disability and gout

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

218
Q

Orotic acid in the urine and elevations in serum ammonia

A

OTC deficiency

219
Q

Orotic acid in the urine and no elevation in serum ammonia

A

Orotic aciduria

220
Q

Megaloblastic anemia that does not improve with folate and B12

A

Orotic aciduria

221
Q

Most common medication of ADHD

A

Methylphenidate

222
Q

Most common medication of bulimia

A

SSRIs (Fluoxitine)

223
Q

Medical treatment for alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

224
Q

Most effective treatment for alcohol abuse

A

Alcoholics Anonymous

225
Q

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

A

Wernicke encephalopathy

226
Q

Treatment for central DI

A

Desmopressin

227
Q

Treatment for Nephrogenic DI

A

HCTZ, Indomethacin, amiloride

228
Q

Treatment for lithium-induced neprhogenic DI

A

Amiloride

229
Q

Nodular hyaline deposits in the glomeruli

A

Kimmelsteil-Wilson Nodules (Diabetic Nephropathy)

230
Q

Glomerulonephritis plus pulmonary vasculitis

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener), Goodpasture syndrome

231
Q

Red Cell Cast

A

Acute Glomerulonephritis

232
Q

Waxy Cast

A

Chronic Renal Failure

233
Q

Thyroid-like appearance of kidney

A

Chronic Pyelonephritis

234
Q

Most common renal tumor

A

Renal Cell Carcinoma

235
Q

Most common type of renal stone

A

Calcium stone

236
Q

Type of renal stone associated with Proteus vulgaris

A

Struvite stone

237
Q

Bluish-colored lines on the gingivae

A

Lead Poisoning

238
Q

Treatment of choice for rickets or osteomalacia

A

Vitamin D

239
Q

Swollen gums, poor wound healing, bleeding mucous membranes, and spots on the skin

A

Scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency)

240
Q

Inability to breastfeed, amenorrhea, cold intolerance in a postpartum woman

A

Sheehan Syndrome

241
Q

Infertility, galactorrhea, and bitemporal hemianopsia

A

Prolactinoma

242
Q

Most common causes of Cushing syndrome

A

1) Exogenous, 2) Ectopic, 3) Pituitary adenoma 4) Adrenal tumor

243
Q

Most common tumor of the adrenal

A

Benign, non-fuctioning adrenal adenoma

244
Q

Most common tumor of the adrenal medulla in adults

A

Pheochromocytoma

245
Q

Most common tumor of the adrenal medulla in children

A

Neuroblastoma

246
Q

Most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism

A

Adrenal adenoma

247
Q

Medical treatment for hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone or Eplerenone

248
Q

Medical treatment for pheochromocytoma

A

Phenoxybenzamine, Phentolamine (non-selective α-blocker)

249
Q

Pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid cancer, and hyperparathyroidism

A

MEN2A

250
Q

Pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid cancer, and mucosal neuromas

A

MEN2B

251
Q

Adrenal disease associated with skin hyperpigmentation

A

Addison disease

252
Q

HTN, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis

A

Hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome)

253
Q

Most common thyroid cancer

A

Papillary Carcinoma

254
Q

Cold intolerance

A

Hypothyroidism

255
Q

Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei

A

Papillary cancer of the thyroid

256
Q

Standard treatment for DKA

A

IV fluids, IV insulin, potassium replacement

257
Q

Standard treatment for type 1 DM

A

Insulin

258
Q

Standard treatment for type 2 DM

A

Low-carb diet, weight loss, oral hypoglycemic drug, insulin

259
Q

Most common cause of hypercalcemia

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

260
Q

Most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Parathyroid adenoma

261
Q

Most common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Chronic renal failure

262
Q

Most common cause of hypoparathyroidism

A

Accidental parathyroidectomy

263
Q

Facial muscle spasm when tapping on the cheek

A

Chvostek’s sign

264
Q

Parathyroid, pancreatic, and pituitary tumors

A

MEN1

265
Q

Preferred anticoagulant for immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin or LMWH

266
Q

Preferred anticoagulant for long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

267
Q

Preferred anticoagulant during pregnancy

A

Heparin or LMWH

268
Q

Causes of hypochromic, microcytic anemia

A

Thalassemia, Anemia of chronic disease, Iron deficiency, Lead poisoning, Sideroblastic anemia (TAILS)

269
Q

Hypersegmented, neutrophils

A

Megaloblastic Anemia

270
Q

Skull x-ray shows a “hair-on-end” appearance

A

β-thalassemia

271
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead poisoning

272
Q

Painful cyanosis of the fingers and toes with hemolytic anemia

A

Cold agglutinin autoimmune hemolytic anemia

273
Q

Red urine in the morning, and fragile RBCs

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobiuria

274
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

275
Q

Autosplenectomy

A

Sickle cell disease

276
Q

Drug uses to treat sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea

277
Q

Cancer most commonly associated with a noninfectious fever

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

278
Q

Sheets of lymphoid cells, with a “starry sky” appearance

A

Burkitt Lymphoma

279
Q

Large B cell with bilobed nuclei and prominent “owl’s eye nucleus”

A

Reed-strenberg cells (Hodgkin lymphoma)

280
Q

Antiplatelet antibodies

A

Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura

281
Q

Bleeding disorder with GpIb deficiency

A

Bernard-Soulier disease

282
Q

Most common inherited bleeding disorder

A

von Willbrand Disease

283
Q

“Smudge” cells

A

CLL

284
Q

“Punched out” lytic bone lesions

A

Multiple Myeloma

285
Q

RBCs clumped together like a stack of coins

A

Rouleaux formation (multiple myeloma)

286
Q

Monoclonal spike

A

Multiple myeloma, MGUS, Waldenstrom macroglobuliemia

287
Q

Reddish-pink rods in the cytoplasm of leukemic blast

A

Auer rods (AML)

288
Q

Dark purple nodules on the skin in an HIV patient

A

Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8)

289
Q

Temporal lobe encephalitis

A

HSV-1

290
Q

Large cell with Owl’s Eye inclusions

A

CMV

291
Q

Intranuclear eosinophilic droplets

A

Downey Cells ( HSV, CMV)

292
Q

Aplastic anemia in a sickle cell patient

A

Parvovirus B19

293
Q

Child with a fever and “slapped cheek” rash on the face that spreads to the body

A

Fifth disease (Parvovirus B19)

294
Q

Fever, runny nose, cough, conjunctivitis, and diffuse rash

A

Rubeola (Measles)

295
Q

Small irregular blue-gray spots on the buccal mucosa, surrounded by a base of red

A

Kopek’s spots (Measles)

296
Q

Treatment for CMV

A

Ganciclovir

297
Q

Most common opportunistic infection in HIV patients

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

298
Q

Drug used to prevent Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

Trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole

299
Q

Owl’s eye protozoan

A

Giardia lamblia

300
Q

Treatment for oral candidiasis

A

Nystatin, fluconazole

301
Q

Most common opportunistic infection for HIV patients

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

302
Q

Prophylaxis for Cryptococcus in AIDS patients

A

Fluconazole

303
Q

Treatment for systemic candidiasis

A

Fluonazole, Amphotericin B, echinocandin

304
Q

Treatment for Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, potassium iodide

305
Q

Ring-enhancing brain lesion in an HIV patient

A

Toxoplasmosis gondii

306
Q

Treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole

307
Q

Most common protozoal diarrhea

A

Giardia lamblia

308
Q

Most common helminth infection in the US

A

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms)

309
Q

Second most common helminth infection in the US

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

Rapid Review Cards (4 decks)

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