Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

First Aid Rapid Facts > Rapid Facts > Flashcards

Rapid Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal Pain, ascites, hepatomegaly

A

Budd-Chiari Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use

A

C.Diff Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Achilles tendon xanthoma

A

Familial hypercholesterolemia (Decreased LDL receptor signaling)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC

A

Waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anaphylaxis following blood transfusion

A

IgA deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anterior drawer sign

A

Anterior cruciate ligament injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation (upward), aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints

A

Marfan Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Athlete with polycythemia

A

Secondary to erythropoietin injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Back pain, fever, night sweats

A

Pott Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bilateral acoustic schwannomas

A

Neurofibromatosis Type 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis

A

Sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Black eschar on face of patient with DKA

A

Mucor or Rhizopus fungal infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta (type 1 collagen defect)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bluish line on gingiva

A

Burton line (lead poisoning)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis

A

Paget disease of bone (increase osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bounding pulses, wide pulse pressure, diastolic murmur, head bobbing

A

Aortic Regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Butterfly Facial Rash and Raynaud phenomenon in a young female

A

SLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cafe-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma, cutaneous neurofibromas, pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas

A

Neurofibromatosis Type 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cafe au lait spots (unilateral), polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities

A

McCune-Albright syndrome (g-protein signaling mutation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Calf pseudohypertrophy

A

Muscular dystrophy - Duchenne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary aneurysms, red conjunctivae, tongue, hand foot changes

A

Kawasaki Disease (Treat with IVIG and ASA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cherry-red Spots on Macula

A

Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick, central retinal artery occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chest POE

A

Angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI

A

Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post MI fibrinous pericarditis - 2wks to several months s/p MI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Chest pain with ST depression on ECG

A

Unstable angina (- troponins) or NSTEMI (+ troponins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Child uses arms to stand up from squat

A

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - Gowers sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body

A

Parvovirus B19 - Fifth’s Disease/Erythema infectiosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration

A

Huntington disease (CAG repeat expansion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications

A

Congenital Toxoplasmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoblobinuria

A

McArdle Disease (skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Cold intolerance

A

Hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia

A

Damage to MLF - Intranuclear opthalmoplegia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Continuous machine like heart murmur

A

PDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition

A

Myxedema (hypothryoidism, Graves disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm

A

Carcinoid syndrome (right-sided cardiac valvular lesions, increased 5-HIAA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in patient with AIDS

A

Kaposi sarcoma - HHV-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation

A

DKA (Kussmaul respirations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

A

Pellagra (niacin Vitamin B3 deficiency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism, malnutrition

A

Wet Berberi (B1 deficiency - Thiamine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Dog or cat bite resulting in infection

A

Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at inoculation site)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

A

Sjogren syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Dysphagia, esophageal webs, glossitis, iron deficiency anemia

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints, increased bleeding tendency

A

Ehlers-Danos syndrome (Type V collagen defect, type III collagen defect seen in vascular subtype)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node

A

Virchow node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Episodic vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss

A

Meniere Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells

A

Mycosis fungoides ((T-Cell lymphoma) or Sezary syndrome (mycosis fungoides + malignant T cells in blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Facial muscle spasm upon tapping

A

Chvostek sign (hypocalcemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Fat, female, forty, and fertile

A

Cholelithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Fever, chills, headache, myalgia following Ab treatment for syphilis

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in endotoxin release)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Fever, night sweats, weight loss

A

B symptoms of lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis with abnormal curvature

A

Peyronie disease (connective tissue disorder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash

A

Measles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Golden brown rings around peripheral cornea

A

Wilson Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Gout, intellectual disability, self-mutilating behavior in boy

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency, X-linked recessive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands/genitalia

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (inherited, benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction; increased cancer risk, mainly GI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, osteoporosis, aspetic necrosis of femoral head, bone crises

A

Gaucher disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Calcineurin inhibitor binds cyclophilin. Blocks T cell activation by preventing IL 2 transcription

A

cyclosporine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

calcineurin inhibitor, binds FK506 binding protein FKBP. Blocks T cell activation by preventing IL 2 transcription

A

Tacrolimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

mTOR inhibitor binds FKBP. Blocks T cell activation and B cell differentiation by preventing response to IL2.

A

Sirolimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Monoclonal antibodies block IL2R

A

Daclizumab, basiliximab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Antimetabolite precursor of 6 mercaptopurine. Inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis

A

Azathioprine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Inheritance pattern and gene mutation for Duchenne Muscular Dystophy

A

X linked recessive, frameshift or nonsense mutation –> truncated dystrophin protein –> inhibited muscle regeneration (helps anchor muscle fibers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Inhibit NFKB Suppress both B and T cell function by decreasing transcription of many cytokines. Induces apoptosis of T lymphocytes

A

Corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Name the uses for Aldesleukin (IL2)

A

Renal cell carinoma, metastatic melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Name the use for epoetin alfa (EPO)

A

Anemia (especially in renal failure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Name the use for filgrastim (G-CSF)

A

Recovery of bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Name the use for Sargramostim (GM-CSF)

A

Recovery of bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Name the use of IFN alpha

A

chronic hepatitis B and C, kaposi sarcoma, malignant melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Name the use of IFN beta

A

MS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Name the use of IFN gamma

A

CGD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Name the use of Romiplostim, eltrombopag (thrombopoietin receptor agonists)

A

Thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Name the use of Oprelveskin (IL- 11)

A

Thrmobocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Hereditary pattern and gene mutation associated with Cystic Fibrosis

A

Autosomal recessive, defect of CFTR gene on Chr. 7, most commonly a deletion of F508

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Recurrent pulmonary infection, reticulonodular pattern on Xray, pancreatic insufficiency, malabsorption, liver disease, nasal polyps, clubbing

A

Cystic Fibrosis

75
Q

Most common causes of pulmonary infection in CF patients

A

infancy - S. Aureus, adolescence - P. Aeruginosa

76
Q

Hyperammonia, low urea, low citruline, high orotic acid ataxia, lethargy in an infant

A

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (x linked recessive)

77
Q

Eczema, thrombocytopenia, immune deficiency, blood diarrhea

A

Wiscott-Aldrich Syndrome (x linked recessive, WASP gene)

78
Q

Inheritance pattern and gene mutation for Duchenne Muscular Dystophy

A

X linked recessive, frameshift or nonsense mutation –> truncated dystrophin protein –> inhibited muscle regeneration

79
Q

Pelvic girdle weakness, Gower maneuver, waddling gait, dilated cardiomyopathy in a child

A

Muscular Dystrophy

80
Q

Intellectual disability, macroorchidism, large jaw, large everted ears, autism, mitral valve prolapse

A

Fragile X Syndrome

81
Q

Inheritance pattern and gene mutation for Fragile X

A

X linked dominant, FMRI trinucleotide repeat –>results in gene methylation and decreased expression.

82
Q

Intellectual disability, flat facies, prominent epicanthal folds, single palmar crease

A

Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)

83
Q

Diseases people with Down Syndrome are at risk for

A

Duodenal atresia, ASD, Hirschsprung disease, Alzheimer Disease

84
Q

Prenatal findings of nuchal translucency and hypoplastic nasal bone, high B HCG, low alpha fetoprotein

A

Down Syndrome

85
Q

Severe intellectual disability, rocker bottom feet, micrognathia, low set ears, clenched hands with overlapping fingers, congenital heart disease

A

Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)

86
Q

Severe intellectual disability, rocker bottom feet, microopthalmia, microcephaly, cleft lip and palate, holoproencephaly, polydactyly, cutis aplasia, cyclopia

A

Patau Syndrome (Trisomy 13)

87
Q

Translocation of two long arms of 2 acrocentric chromosomes fuse at the centromere and the two short arms are lost

A

Robertsonian Translocation

88
Q

Microcephaly, severe intellectual disability, high pitched cry, epicanthal folds, cardiac abnormalities (VSD)

A

Cri-du-Chat Syndrome

89
Q

Genetic cause of Cri-du-Chat Syndrome

A

Microdeletion of short arm of Chr 5

90
Q

elfin facies, intellectual disability, hypercalcemia, well-developed verbal skills, extreme friendliness with strangers, cardiovascular problems

A

Williams Syndrome (microdeletion of long arm of Chr. 7)

91
Q

Cleft palate, abnormal facies, thymic aplasia (T cell deficiency), cardiac defects, hypocalcemia, parathryoid aplasia

A

DiGeorge Syndrome (22q11 deletion)

92
Q

Etiology of DiGeorge Syndrome

A

Microdeletion of 22q11 - aberrant development of 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouch

93
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

94
Q

Purpose of the carnitine shuttle

A

Degradation of long chain fatty acids

95
Q

Purpose of the citrate shuttle

A

Synthesis of fatty acids. Citrate from mito to cytosol.

96
Q

Bacteria with a positive silver stain

A

Legionella, H pylori

97
Q

Process of bacterial uptake of naked DNA

A

Bacterial transformation

98
Q

Bacteria exchanging a plasmid with another bacteria through the use of a sex pillus

A

Bacterial conjugation

99
Q

Segment of DNA from one area moves from one location in the genome to another in a bacterial genome

A

Gene transposition

100
Q

Lytic phage injects DNA into a bacterium and it is taken up into the genome

A

Transduction

101
Q

Elevated during the infectious phase of Hepatitis B infection

102
Q

Cannot be detected during the window period of a hepatitis B infection

A

HBsAg, Anti-HbS, HbeAg

103
Q

Can be detected during the window period of a hepatitis B infection

A

Anti-Hbe, Anti-HbC IgM

104
Q

Can be detected in persons who have been immunized against Hepatitis B

A

Anti-HbS only

105
Q

Penicillins - mechanism of resistance

A

Penicillinase cleaves the b-lactam ring (a type of b lactamase)

106
Q

Cephalosporins - mechanism of resistance

A

Structural changes in the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs)

107
Q

Vancomycin - mechanism of resistance

A

Amino acid modifications - D-ala D-ala to D-ala D-lac

108
Q

Aminoglycosides - mechanism of resistance

A

Bacterial transferase enzymes inactive the drug by acetylation, phosphorylation, or adenylation

109
Q

Tetracyclines - mechanism of resistance

A

Decreased uptake transporter pumps or increased efflux transporter pumps in bacterial cell. Encoded on plasmids.

110
Q

Chloramphenicol - mechanism of resistance

A

plasmid encoded acetyltransferase inactivates the srug

111
Q

Oxazolidinones (linezolid) - mechanism of resistance

A

point mutation of ribosomal RNA

112
Q

Macrolides - mechanism of resistance

A

methylation of 23s rRNA-binding site preventing the binding of the drug

113
Q

Hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts

A

Alport Syndrome (mutation in collagen IV)

114
Q

Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility

A

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome (Bilateral amygdala lesion)

115
Q

Hyperreflexia, hypertonia, Babinski sign present

A

UMN damage

116
Q

Hyporeflexia, hypotonia, atrophy, fasciculations

A

LMN damage

117
Q

Hypoexmia, polycythemia, hypercapnia

A

Chronic bronchitis (hyperplasia of mucous cells - blue bloater)

118
Q

Indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

A

Nonpainful (chancre - Syphilis, Treponema pallidum) Painful, with exudate (chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)

119
Q

Infant with cleft lip/palate, microcephaly or holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, cutis aplasia

A

Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13)

120
Q

Infant with hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly

A

Cori Disease (debranching enzyme deficiency) or Von Gierke (Glucose 6 phosphotase)

121
Q

Infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, clenched hands, and structural heart defect

A

Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)

122
Q

Jaundice, palpable distended non tender gallbladder

A

Courvoisier sign (distal malignant obstruction of biliary tree)

123
Q

Large rash with bull eye’s appearance

A

Erythema chronicum migrans (Lyme Disease)

124
Q

Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury

A

Epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery rupture)

125
Q

Male child, recurrent infection, no mature B cells

A

Bruton disease (X-linked agammaglobulinemia)

126
Q

Mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time

A

Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GpIIb/IIIa)

127
Q

Muffled heart sounds, distended neck veins, hypotension

A

Beck’s Triad - Cardiac Tamponade

128
Q

Multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted supernumerary teeth

A

Gardner Syndrome (FAP)

129
Q

myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), exercise intolerance

A

Pompe disease (lysosomal alpha 1,4-glucosidace deficiency)

130
Q

Neonate with arm paralysis following a difficult birth

A

Erb Duchenne palsy (superior trunk C5-C6 brachial plexus injury - waiter tip)

131
Q

No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance

A

Sheehan syndrome (pituitary infarction)

132
Q

Nystagmus, intension tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia

133
Q

Painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia

A

Cold agglutinin disease (AIHA caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mono, CLL)

134
Q

Painful fingers/toes changing color from blue to white to red with cold or stress

A

Raynaud phenomenon

135
Q

Painful, raised red lesions on pads or fingers /toes

A

Osler nodes (infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition)

136
Q

Painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles

A

Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli)

137
Q

Painless Jaundice

A

Pancreatic cancer (head obstructing bile duct)

138
Q

palpable purpura on buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal pain, hematuria

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis)

139
Q

Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors

140
Q

periorbital or peripheral edema, proteinuria (> 3.5g/day), hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia

A

Nephrotic syndrome

141
Q

Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation

A

Emphysema (pink-puffer) Due to smoking (centriacinar) or panacrinar (a1-antrypsin deficiency)

142
Q

Polyuria, renal tubular acidosis type II (PCT), growth failure, electrolyte imbalances, hypophosphatemic rickets

A

Fanconi Syndrome

143
Q

Pyruitic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques

A

Lichen planus

144
Q

Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

A

Horner syndrome (sympathetic chain)

145
Q

Pupil accommodates but doesn’t react

A

Neurosyphilis (argyll Robertson pupil)

146
Q

Rapidly progressive limb weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome

147
Q

Rash on palms and soles

A

Coxsackie A, Secondary Syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever

148
Q

Recurrent cold abscesses, unusual eczema, high serum IgE

A

Hyper-IgE syndrome (Job syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality)

149
Q

Red currant jelly sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patients

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia

150
Q

Red currant jelly stools

A

Acute mesenteric ischemia (adults) and intussusception (children)

151
Q

red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola

A

Paget disease of breast

152
Q

red urine in the morning, fragile RBCs

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

153
Q

Renal cell carcinoma (bilateral), hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma

A

von Hippel-Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation)

154
Q

Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability, shuffling gait

A

Parkinson’s disease (loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra)

155
Q

retinal hemorrhages with pale centers

A

Roth spots (bacterial endocarditis)

156
Q

Severe jaundice in neonate - fatal

A

Crigler-Najjar syndrome (UDP deficiency)

157
Q

Severe RLQ pain with palpation of LLQ

A

Rovsin sign (acute appendicitis)

158
Q

Severe RLQ pain with deep tenderness

A

McBurney sign (acute appendicitis)

159
Q

Short stature, cafe au lait spots, thumb/radial defects, increased incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia

A

Fanconi anemia (genetic loss of DNA crosslink repair, progresses to AML)

160
Q

Single palmar crease

A

Down Syndrome

161
Q

Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility

A

Kartagener syndrome (dynein arm defect affecting cilia)

162
Q

skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue

A

Primary adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison Disease)

163
Q

slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys

A

Becker muscular dystrophy (X-linked missense mutation in dystrophin)

164
Q

Small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue white centers

A

Koplik Spots

165
Q

Smooth, moist, painless, wart-like white lesions on genitals

A

Condylomata lata (Syphilis - Secondary)

166
Q

Splinter hemorrhage in fingernails

A

Bacterial endocarditis

167
Q

Strawberry tongue

A

Kawasaki Disease, Scarlet Fever

168
Q

Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney, cystic hygroma a birth, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema

A

Turner (XO)

169
Q

Sudden swollen/painful big toe join, tophi

170
Q

Swollen, hard, painful, finger joints

A

Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP - Bouchard nodes, DIP - Heberden nodes)

171
Q

Swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae

A

Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency: can’t hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis)

172
Q

Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)

A

Aortic Stenosis

173
Q

Telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis, skin discoloration, arteriovenous malformations, GI bleeding, hematuria

A

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome

174
Q

Thyroid, parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma

A

MEN2A (RET)

175
Q

Thyroid, ganglioneuromatosis, pheochromocytoma

A

MEN2B (RET)

176
Q

Toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape

A

Babinkski Sign

177
Q

Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male

A

Reactive arthritis, associated with HLAB27

178
Q

Unilateral facial drooping involving forehead

A

LMN facial nerve palsy. UMN lesions spare forehead

179
Q

Vascular birthmark (port-wine stain on face)

A

Nevus flammeus (benign, but associated with Sturge-Weber Syndrome)

180
Q

Vomiting blood following gastroesophageal laceration

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome (alcoholics and bulimic)

181
Q

Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy

A

Whipple’s Disease

182
Q

Worst headache of my life

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

183
Q

Cystathionine Beta Synthase Deficiency

A

CBS converts homocysteine to cystathionine. Deficiency leads to homocysteine build up resulting in vessel thrombosis, mental retardation, lens discoloration, and long slender fingers.

First Aid Rapid Facts (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions