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Rapid DDx > Rapid DDx: HEENT > Flashcards

Rapid DDx: HEENT Flashcards

1
Q

Firm Painless Lump on Eyelid

Erythema

Swelling

A

Chalazion

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2
Q

Floaters

Blurred Vision

Impaired color/night vision

Ocular Pain

Photophobia

Excessive lacrimation

A

posterior uveitis

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3
Q

Red eye

eyelid Edema

chemosis

purulent d/c

A

Bacterial conjunctivitis

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4
Q

Red eye

eyelid Edema

chemosis

watery/stringing d/c

A

viral conjunctivitis

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5
Q

Red eye

eyelid Edema

chemosis

watery, mucoid d/c

A

allergic conjunctivitis

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6
Q

Red eye

eyelid Edema

chemosis

profuse, hyperpurulent d/c

A

gonococcal d/c

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7
Q

elderly patient

bilateral sxs:

Eye irritation/dryness

sagging eyelid

everted eyelid/lashes

A

ectropion

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8
Q

elderly patient

bilateral sxs:

corneal abrasion/FB sensation

Chemosis

lacrimation

inverted eyelid/lashes

A

entropion

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9
Q

tearing

tenderness, erythema, edema, warmth on medial canthal side of lower lid

A

acute dacrocystitis

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10
Q

mucopurulent drainage from puncta

no acute signs of infx

A

chronic dacrocystitis

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11
Q

crusting, scaling eyelid

red rim of eyelid

flakes on lashes/lid margins

A

blepharitis

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12
Q

lid erythema

painful, warm nodule/pustule on eyelid

A

hordeolum

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13
Q

yellow, elevated nodule on nasal side of sclera

non-growing/non-progressing

A

pinguecula

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14
Q

Triangular shaped mass that started at medial side of eye

lateral growth

A

pterygium

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15
Q

diplopia w. upward gaze

orbital emphysema

anesthesia to anteromedial cheek

A

orbital blowout fx

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16
Q

< 3 yo

leukocoria (absent red light reflex)

A

retinoblastoma

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17
Q

Age > 75

Bilateral, progressive central vision loss

metamorphopsia (bending of straight lines)

A

dry macular degeneration

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18
Q

Age > 75

bilateral, aggressive central vision loss

metamorphopsia (bending of straight lines)

A

wet macular degeneration

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19
Q

Previous cataract surg

Photopsia (flashing lights) –> floaters

progressive unilateral peripheral vision loss

“curtain coming down”

A

retinal detachment

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20
Q

Day 1 neonate

conjunctivitis sxs

A

chemical conjunctivitis

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21
Q

Day 2-5 neonate

conjunctivitis sxs

A

gonococcal conjunctivitis

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22
Q

Days 5-7 neonate

conjunctivitis sxs

A

chlamydial conjunctivitis

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23
Q

FB sensation in eye

tearing

Red and painful eye

photophobia

A

ocular FB/corneal abrasian

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24
Q

Chemical exposure

ocular pain

decreaed vision

blepharospasm (difficulty opening eye)

photophobia

A

ocular chemical burn

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25
Q

Hx of sinus infx

ocular pain with EOMs

Ophthalmoplegia (weakness of EOMs)

proptosis (bulging)

A

orbital cellulitis

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26
Q

hx of sinus infx

unilateral ocular pain

eyelid erythema and edema

no proptosis or EOM pain/weakness

A

preseptal cellulitis

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27
Q

Contact lens wearer

ocular pain

photophobia

eye redness

vision changes

A

bacterial keratitis

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28
Q

acute onset unilateral ocular pain, photophobia, redness and blurred vision.

A

herpes keratitis

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29
Q

hx inflammatory/autoimmune dz

unilateral severe ocular pain, photophobia, redness, blurred/decreased vision

constricted pupil

A

anterior uveitis

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30
Q

hx inflammatory/autoimmune dz

blurred/decreased vision

floaters

constricted pupil

low pain

A

posterior uveitis

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31
Q

> 60 yo DM + TOBB + GC use

slow, progressive vision loss

difficulty with night driving/reading signs

both eyes

A

cataract

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32
Q

Normal vision

HA

Vomiting

Nausea

A

papilledema

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33
Q

Woman < 40 yo

painful vision loss

decreased color vision (desaturation)

Central scotoma

Marcus-Gunn Pupil

Unilateral sxs, developed over a day or so

A

Optic neuritis

34
Q

Sudden onset severe, unilateral ocular pain

halos around lights

loss of peripheral vision (tunnel vision)

N/V, HA

Worse in dim rooms

A

Acute narrow angle closure glaucoma

35
Q

bilateral, painless, slow peripheral vision loss

progress to central vision loss

A

open angle claucoma

36
Q

transient monocular vision loss

“curtain came down”

complete recovery within an hour

A

amaurosis fugax

37
Q

Hx of atherosclerotic disease

acute, painless monocular vision loss w. amaurosis fugax

ipsilateral carotid bruit

A

central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)

38
Q

sudden onset painless monocular vision loss

+/- marcus gunn pupil

A

central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)

39
Q

Hx of swimming, Q tip use

ear pain

EAC pruritis

A

otitis externa

40
Q

severe auricular pain

otorrhea

CN palsies

Radiation of pain to TMJ/pain with chewing

A

Malignant OE

41
Q

Hx AOM

Deep ear pain worse at night

fever

lethargic, malaise

A

Mastoiditis

42
Q

Persistent, recurrent purulent otorrhea

painless

feeling of ear fullness

conductive hearing loss

A

chronic otitis media

43
Q

6-18 mo

Fever

otalgia

ear tugging

A

acute otitis media

44
Q

hx of resolved AOM

feeling of fluid in ear

no fever, pain, erythema

A

otitis media with effusion

45
Q

Ear fullness/pressure

popping of ears

feeling of being underwater

fluctuating conductive hearing loss

tinnitus

A

eustachian tube dysfunction

46
Q

Hx diving

ear pain

ear fullness

hearing loss

A

barotrauma

47
Q

Hx of ear fullness and gradual conductive hearing loss

A

cerumen impaction

48
Q

Hx of Q-tip use, loud concerts

acute ear pain

hearing loss

pain relief with bloody otorrhea

A

TM perforation

49
Q

Hx of ear infx

painless, foul smelling brown/yellow ear d/c

A

cholesteatoma

50
Q

FHx of conductive hearing loss

slow, progressive conductive hearing loss at low frequencies

no vertigo

A

otosclerosis

51
Q

recurrent, episodic, sudden onset peripheral vertigo

lasts 60s or less

provoked by rolling over in bed, etc.

no hearing loss

A

BPPV

52
Q

Hx viral illness

continuous peripheral vertigo

N/V

Gait disturbance

horizontal/rotary nystagmus

A

Vestibular Neuritis

53
Q

Hx viral illness

continuous peripheral vertigo

N/V

Gait disturbance

horizontal/rotary nystagmus

unilateral hearing loss

tinnitus

A

labrynthitis

54
Q

Episodic peripheral vertigo lasting minutes/hours

fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss

tinnitus

ear fullness

horizontal nystagmus

NV

A

Menieres disease

55
Q

Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss

A

acoustic neuroma

56
Q

Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss

tinnitus

vertigo

HA

facial numbness

Facial paresis

A

acoustic neuroma

57
Q

Duration < 4 weeks

Hx viral URI

facial pain/pressure worse bending over

HA

purulent nasal d/c

fever

nasal congestion

worse after period of improvement

A

acute rhinosinusiis

58
Q

Duration > 12 weeks

acial pain/pressure worse bending over

HA

purulent nasal d/c

nasal congestion

A

chronic sinusitis

59
Q

Hx DM/immunocompromise

sxs of sinusitis

progressive loss of CNS function

A

mucormycosis

60
Q

Clear, watery rhinorrhea

itching of nose, eyes, ears

sneezing

nasal congestion

bluish discoloration around eyes

A

allergic rhinitis

61
Q

hx allergic rhinitis

anosmia

obstructed nose breathing

A

nasal polyps

62
Q

ST

painful swallowing/phonation

cough, hoarseness, coryza, conjunctivitis, diarrhea

A

viral acute pharyngitis

63
Q

ST

painful swallowing/phonation

A

acute pharyngitis

64
Q

age > 3yo

dysphagia

fever

ST

Anterior cervical LAD

A

strep pharyngitis

65
Q

Hx of viral URI sxs

hoarseness or aphonia

dry/scratchy throat

A

laryngitis

66
Q

age 15-30 yo

hx of pharyngitis

muffled voice

dysphagia

drooling

trismus (lock jaw)

A

peritonsilar abscess

67
Q

age 2-4 yo

torticollis

neck stiffness, esp. with neck extension

hot potato voice

trismus

drooling

A

retropharyngeal abscess

68
Q

HCV infx

lacy leukoplakia/wickham striae

painless

A

reticular oral lichen planus

69
Q

HCV infx

red patches along lacy reticular leukoplakia

painful

A

erythematous oral lichen planus

70
Q

HCV infx

erosions, painful ulcers along lacy reticular leukoplakia

A

erosive oral lichen planus

71
Q

Hx of dental infx

tender, symmetric, swelling “woody” induration and erythema on upper neck and chin

crepitus

pus on floor of mouth

swelling of tongue

no LAD/abscess

A

ludwig’s angina

72
Q

immmunocompromised or oral CS use

white, curd like plaques on oral mucosa or tongue

painless

easily scraped off

A

oropharyngeal candidiasis

73
Q

small, painful, shallow oval ulcer with erythematous halo on buccal or labial mucosa

A

apthous ulcer

74
Q

painless white patchy lesion on oral mucosa

cannot be scraped off

A

oral leukoplakia

75
Q

painless, erythematous soft and velvety patch in oral cavity

on mouth floor, soft palate and ventral tongue

A

erythroplakia

76
Q

sudden onset of salivary gland pain and swelling

occurs when eating or when about to eat

occurs roof of mouth (stensens) or under tongue (wharton’s)

A

sialolithiasis (salivery gland stone)

77
Q

sudden onset

firm, tender gland swelling with purulent d/c

able to express pus if duct is massaged

dysphagia

trismus

fever/chills

A

acute bacterial sialadenitis

78
Q

age 6mo-5 yo

hx of fever, anorexia and malaise then appearance of oral lesions

ulcerative lesions of gingiva, vesicles on mucous membraines

perioral vesicular lesions clustered on erythematous base

A

acute herpetic gingivostomatitis

79
Q

adult age

fever, malaise, HA

ST

ulcerative lesion with grayish exudate on posterior pharyngeal mucosa

A

acute herpetic pharyngotonsilitis

80
Q

Hx of EBV + HIV

painless, white smooth or hairy plaque on lateral tongue

can’t be scraped off

A

oral hairy leukoplakia

Rapid DDx (3 decks)

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