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Botany Midterms > Randomised Test (Midterm I) [COMPLETE] > Flashcards

Randomised Test (Midterm I) [COMPLETE] Flashcards

1
Q
A

Name: Cucurbita pepo / Marrow

Family: Cucurbitaceae / Gourd Family

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: 90-95% Water, High in beta-carotene, 30% oil in seeds

Antinutritive Value: Cucurbitacins

Antinutritive Effect: Digestive problems, excess salivation, vomiting.

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2
Q
A

Name: Triticum aestivum / Common Bread Wheat

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Low Protein (6-12%), High Starch

Antinutritive Value: Gluten, Arabinoxylan, Phytates

Antinutritive Effect:

Gluten - Abnormal immune response

Arabinoxylan - Gelling and sticky faeces

Phytates - Decrease food conversion rate

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3
Q
A

Name: Brassica oleracea confar. Acephala / Forage Kale

Family: Brassicaceae / Mustard Family

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: 15-20% Protein, High Vitamin C

Antinutritive Value: Glucosinolates, SMCO, Nitrates

Antinutritive Effect:

Glucosinolates - suppress thyroid hormones

SMCO - Digestion dysfunction, liver and kidney damage

Nitrate Ions - Anoxia

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4
Q
A

Name: Vicia faba / Field [horse] bean

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High in Vitamin B and E

Antinutritive Value: Seed Coat High in Tannins

Antinutritive Effect: Favism, Haemolytic Aneaemia, Damage to RBC Membrane

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5
Q
A

Name: Secale cereale / Rye

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Lower Protein and Gluten content than wheat

Antinutritive Value: Secalin, Phytates, Host of Ergot Fungus

Antinutritive Effect:

Secalin - Abnormal immune response

Phytates - Decreased food conversion rate

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6
Q
A

Name: Onobrychis viciifolia / Sain Foin

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High Protein and Fibre

Antinutritive Value: Phytoestrogens in long term consumption

Antinutritive Effect: Bitter Milk, Decreased Fertility, Abortion

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7
Q
A

Name: Trifolium incarnatum / Crimson Clover

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High Quality Hay with 25% Protein content, High Fibre

Antinutritive Value: Phytoestrogens, Phytoporphyrins

Antinutritive Effect:

Phytoestrogens: Abortion, Decreased fertility, Bitter Milk

Phytoporphyrins: Photosensitisation and liver damage

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8
Q
A

Name: Brassica oleracea confar. Acephala / Forage Kale

Family: Brassicaceae / Mustard Family

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: 15-20% Protein, High Vitamin C

Antinutritive Value: Glucosinolates, SMCO, Nitrates

Antinutritive Effect:

Glucosinolates - suppress thyroid hormones

SMCO - Digestion dysfunction, liver and kidney damage

Nitrate Ions - Anoxia

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9
Q
A

Name: Medicago sativa / Alfaalfa, Lucerne

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High Protein and Fibre

Antinutritive Value: Lucern Saponins and Proteins

Antinutritive Effect: Throthy Bloat

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10
Q
A

Name: Lupinus luteus / Yellow Lupine

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High Protein (38-40%)

Antinutritive Value: Quinolysidine Alkaloids

Antinutritive Effect: Spasms, seizures, loss of coordination

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11
Q
A

Name: Linum usitatissimum / Flax

Family: Linaceae / Flax Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: High Omega-3 / Omega-6

Antinutritive Value: Cyanogenic glycosides, Linatin

Antinutritive Effect:

Cyanogenic Glycosides: Releases Hydrogen Cyanide

Linatin: Antagonist of Vitamin B6

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12
Q
A

Name: Helianthus annus / Sun Flower

Family: Asteraceae / Daisy Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: High Linoleic Acid

Antinutritive Value: Residue of Solvents in the Fruit

Antinutritive Effect: Fruit Wall Irritates the Mouth

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13
Q
A

Name: Sorghum bicolor / Grain Sorghum

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Similar to barley, more energy and less protein

Antinutritive Value: Cyanogenic glycosides in young leafs and shoots

Antinutritive Effect: Cyanide poisoning in blood, death, pink mucous membranes

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14
Q
A

Name: Zea mays / Maize, Corn

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: High energy, High starch, Low protein, Carotenoids

Antinutritive Value: Nil

Antinutritive Effect: Nil

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15
Q
A

Name: Hordeum vulgare / Six Row Winter Barley

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Low gluten, 11% protein, low lysine, high fibre (4-5%)

Antinutritive Value: Hordein, Phytates

Antinutritive Effect:

Hordein - Abnormal immune response

Phytates - Decreased food conversion rate

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16
Q
A

Name: Brassica napus / Oil Seed Rape

Family: Brassicaceae / Mustard Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: Many Oleic Acids

Antinutritive Value: Glucosinolates, Erucic Acid (40-45%)

Antinutritive Effect:

Glucosinolates: Disrupts thyroid gland productivity

Erucic Acid:Growth depression. Kidney, liver and cardiac muscle damage.

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17
Q
A

Name: Claviceps purpurea / Ergot Fungus

Family: Clavicipitaceae

Forage: Fungus

Nutritive Value: Nil

Antinutritive Value: Ergotamine, Ergometrine, Ergoclavine

Antinutritive Effect: Gangrene, distal limbs fall off, swollen joints, poor circulation, death in high doses.

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18
Q
A

Name: Trifolium pratense / Red Clover

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High fibre and Protein

Antinutritive Value: Phytoestrogens, Phytoporphyrins

Antinutritive Effect:

Phytoestrogens: Abortion, Decreased fertility, Bitter Milk

Phytoporphyrins: Photosensitisation and liver damage

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19
Q
A

Name: Brassica napus / Oil Seed Rape

Family: Brassicaceae / Mustard Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: Many Oleic Acids

Antinutritive Value: Glucosinolates, Erucic Acid (40-45%)

Antinutritive Effect:

Glucosinolates: Disrupts thyroid gland productivity

Erucic Acid:Growth depression. Kidney, liver and cardiac muscle damage.

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20
Q
A

Name: Secale cereale / Rye

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Lower Protein and Gluten content than wheat

Antinutritive Value: Secalin, Phytates, Host of Ergot Fungus

Antinutritive Effect:

Secalin - Abnormal immune response

Phytates - Decreased food conversion rate

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21
Q
A

Name: Sorghum drummondii / Sudan Grass

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Similar to corn, higher protein

Antinutritive Value: Cyanogenic glycosides in young leafs and shoots

Antinutritive Effect: Cyanide poisoning in blood, death, pink mucous membranes

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22
Q
A

Name: Triticum aestivum / Common Bread Wheat

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Low Protein (6-12%), High Starch

Antinutritive Value: Gluten, Arabinoxylan, Phytates

Antinutritive Effect:

Gluten - Abnormal immune response

Arabinoxylan - Gelling and sticky faeces

Phytates - Decrease food conversion rate

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23
Q
A

Name: Hordeum vulgare / Six Row Winter Barley

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Low gluten, 11% protein, low lysine, high fibre (4-5%)

Antinutritive Value: Hordein, Phytates

Antinutritive Effect:

Hordein - Abnormal immune response

Phytates - Decreased food conversion rate

24
Q
A

Name: Lathyrus sativus / Grass Pea

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: Low Protein (20%), High Lysine

Antinutritive Value: Lathyrogenes (0.25%)

Antinutritive Effect: Spasms and Paralysis of Upper Limb Muscles

25
Q
A

Name: Pisum sativum / Garden Pea

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: Protein (25%), less fibre and oil than Soybean

Antinutritive Value: Low level of Tannins in seed coat

Antinutritive Effect: Negligible

26
Q
A

Name: Claviceps purpurea / Ergot Fungus

Family: Clavicipitaceae

Forage: Fungus

Nutritive Value: Nil

Antinutritive Value: Ergotamine, Ergometrine, Ergoclavine

Antinutritive Effect: Gangrene, distal limbs fall off, swollen joints, poor circulation, death in high doses.

27
Q
A

Name: Trifolium pratense / Red Clover

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High fibre and Protein

Antinutritive Value: Phytoestrogens, Phytoporphyrins

Antinutritive Effect:

Phytoestrogens: Abortion, Decreased fertility, Bitter Milk

Phytoporphyrins: Photosensitisation and liver damage

28
Q
A

Name: Linum usitatissimum / Flax

Family: Linaceae / Flax Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: High Omega-3 / Omega-6

Antinutritive Value: Cyanogenic glycosides, Linatin

Antinutritive Effect:

Cyanogenic Glycosides: Releases Hydrogen Cyanide

Linatin: Antagonist of Vitamin B6

29
Q
A

Name: Solanum tuberosum / Potato

Family: Solanaceae / Nightshades

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: 15-17% Starch, 1-2% Protein, Vitamin A, B, C, K.

Antinutritive Value: Solanine and Chaconine (Reduced by storing tubers in the dark)

Antinutritive Effect: Vomiting, mucosal inflammation, paralysis

30
Q
A

Name: Linum usitatissimum / Flax

Family: Linaceae / Flax Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: High Omega-3 / Omega-6

Antinutritive Value: Cyanogenic glycosides, Linatin

Antinutritive Effect:

Cyanogenic Glycosides: Releases Hydrogen Cyanide

Linatin: Antagonist of Vitamin B6

31
Q
A

Name: Onobrychis viciifolia / Sain Foin

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High Protein and Fibre

Antinutritive Value: Phytoestrogens in long term consumption

Antinutritive Effect: Bitter Milk, Decreased Fertility, Abortion

32
Q
A

Name: Pisum sativum / Garden Pea

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: Protein (25%), less fibre and oil than Soybean

Antinutritive Value: Low level of Tannins in seed coat

Antinutritive Effect: Negligible

33
Q
A

Name: Vicia faba / Field [horse] bean

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High in Vitamin B and E

Antinutritive Value: Seed Coat High in Tannins

Antinutritive Effect: Favism, Haemolytic Aneaemia, Damage to RBC Membrane

34
Q
A

Name: Solanum tuberosum / Potato

Family: Solanaceae / Nightshades

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: 15-17% Starch, 1-2% Protein, Vitamin A, B, C, K.

Antinutritive Value: Solanine and Chaconine (Reduced by storing tubers in the dark)

Antinutritive Effect: Vomiting, mucosal inflammation, paralysis

35
Q
A

Name: Glycine max / Soybean

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High Protein (35%), similar to meat

Antinutritive Value: Allergenes, Protease inhibitors

Antinutritive Effect: Allergens dangerous to calves and young pigs

36
Q
A

Name: Cucurbita pepo / Marrow

Family: Cucurbitaceae / Gourd Family

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: 90-95% Water, High in beta-carotene, 30% oil in seeds

Antinutritive Value: Cucurbitacins

Antinutritive Effect: Digestive problems, excess salivation, vomiting.

37
Q
A

Name: Beta vulgaris / Sugar Beet

Family: Amaranthaceae / Amarinths

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: High in Saccharose (12-20%), High Lysine, High Vitamin E

Antinutritive Value: Nitrate and oxalate ions, Betadine

Antinutritive Effect: Lactic Acidosis (from high consumption)

Nitrate and Oxalate ions - Anoxia

Betadine - Milk rejected by calves

38
Q
A

Name: Brassica napus / Oil Seed Rape

Family: Brassicaceae / Mustard Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: Many Oleic Acids

Antinutritive Value: Glucosinolates, Erucic Acid (40-45%)

Antinutritive Effect:

Glucosinolates: Disrupts thyroid gland productivity

Erucic Acid:Growth depression. Kidney, liver and cardiac muscle damage.

39
Q
A

Name: Brassica napus / Oil Seed Rape

Family: Brassicaceae / Mustard Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: Many Oleic Acids

Antinutritive Value: Glucosinolates, Erucic Acid (40-45%)

Antinutritive Effect:

Glucosinolates: Disrupts thyroid gland productivity

Erucic Acid:Growth depression. Kidney, liver and cardiac muscle damage.

40
Q
A

Name: Sorghum drummondii / Sudan Grass

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Similar to corn, higher protein

Antinutritive Value: Cyanogenic glycosides in young leafs and shoots

Antinutritive Effect: Cyanide poisoning in blood, death, pink mucous membranes

41
Q
A

Name: Helianthus annus / Sun Flower

Family: Asteraceae / Daisy Family

Forage: Oil Plant

Nutritive Value: High Linoleic Acid

Antinutritive Value: Residue of Solvents in the Fruit

Antinutritive Effect: Fruit Wall Irritates the Mouth

42
Q
A

Name: Pisum sativum / Garden Pea

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: Protein (25%), less fibre and oil that Soybean

Antinutritive Value: Low level of Tannins in seed coat

Antinutritive Effect: Negligible

43
Q
A

Name: Zea mays / Maize, Corn

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: High energy, High starch, Low protein, Carotenoids

Antinutritive Value: Nil

Antinutritive Effect: Nil

44
Q
A

Name: Avena sativa / Oat

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: 10-12% Fibre, rich in essential fatty acids (5%)

Antinutritive Value: Arabinoxylan and Phytates

Antinutritive Effect:

Arabinoxylan - Gelling and sticky faeces

Phytates - Trypsin inhibitors, decrease food conversion rate

45
Q
A

Name: Medicago sativa / Lucerne

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High Protein and Fibre

Antinutritive Value: Lucern Saponins and Proteins

Antinutritive Effect: Throthy Bloat

46
Q
A

Name: Medicago sativa / Lucerne

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High Protein and Fibre

Antinutritive Value: Lucern Saponins and Proteins

Antinutritive Effect: Throthy Bloat

47
Q
A

Name: Glycine max / Soybean

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High Protein (35%), similar to meat

Antinutritive Value: Allergenes, Protease inhibitors

Antinutritive Effect: Allergens dangerous to calves and young pigs

48
Q
A

Name: Avena sativa / Oat

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: 10-12% Fibre, rich in essential fatty acids (5%)

Antinutritive Value: Arabinoxylan and Phytates

Antinutritive Effect:

Arabinoxylan - Gelling and sticky faeces

Phytates - Trypsin inhibitors, decrease food conversion rate

49
Q
A

Name: Lupinus albus / White Lupine

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High Protein (38-40%)

Antinutritive Value: Quinolysidine Alkaloids

Antinutritive Effect: Spasms, seizures, loss of coordination

50
Q
A

Name: Onobrychis viciifolia / Sain Foin

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Forage Legumes

Nutritive Value: High Protein and Fibre

Antinutritive Value: Phytoestrogens in long term consumption

Antinutritive Effect: Bitter Milk, Decreased Fertility, Abortion

51
Q
A

Name: Solanum tuberosum / Potato

Family: Solanaceae / Nightshades

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: 15-17% Starch, 1-2% Protein, Vitamin A, B, C, K.

Antinutritive Value: Solanine and Chaconine (Reduced by storing tubers in the dark)

Antinutritive Effect: Vomiting, mucosal inflammation, paralysis

52
Q
A

Name: Sorghum bicolor / Grain Sorghum

Family: Poaceae / Grass Family

Forage: Cereal

Nutritive Value: Similar to barley, more energy and less protein

Antinutritive Value: Cyanogenic glycosides in young leafs and shoots

Antinutritive Effect: Cyanide poisoning in blood, death, pink mucous membranes

53
Q
A

Name: Lupinus luteus / Yellow Lupine

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High Protein (38-40%)

Antinutritive Value: Quinolysidine Alkaloids

Antinutritive Effect: Spasms, seizures, loss of coordination

54
Q
A

Name: Lathyrus sativus / Grass Pea

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: Low Protein (20%), High Lysine

Antinutritive Value: Lathyrogenes (0.25%)

Antinutritive Effect: Spasms and Paralysis of Upper Limb Muscles

55
Q
A

Name: Beta vulgaris / Sugar Beet

Family: Amaranthaceae / Amarinths

Forage: Fleshy Forages

Nutritive Value: High in Saccharose (12-20%), High Lysine, High Vitamin E

Antinutritive Value: Nitrate and oxalate ions, Betadine

Antinutritive Effect: Lactic Acidosis (from high consumption)

Nitrate and Oxalate ions - Anoxia

Betadine - Milk rejected by calves

56
Q
A

Name: Lupinus albus / White Lupine

Family: Fabaceae / Pea Family

Forage: Pulse Crop

Nutritive Value: High Protein (38-40%)

Antinutritive Value: Quinolysidine Alkaloids

Antinutritive Effect: Spasms, seizures, loss of coordination

Botany Midterms (3 decks)

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