Random1 Flashcards
What is the favorite molding of the Spanish Romanesque?
Rope
In early Christian architecture, what Roman building became the model for its churches?
Basilica
“Architecture of Small Stone” is the character of what style?
Rococo
A method of forming stonework with roughened surfaces and recesses joints, principally employed in Renaissance buildings and mostly exclusive for the wealthy during that time.
Rustication
The triangular curved overlapping surface by means of which a circular dome os supported over a square or polygonal compartment.
Pendetives
Ornamented timber roofs are one of the glories of the Gothic style in what country?
England
The triangular or segmented space enclosed by a pediment or arch.
Tympanum
The principal story of large buildings, as a place or villa with formal reception and dining rooms usually one flight above the ground floor.
Piano Noble
A screen often elaborately adorned and properly surmounted by a crucifix, separating the chancel or choir from the nave of a medieval church.
Rood Screen
A stylized three- petaled Iris flower tied by an encircling band used as the heraldic bearing of the royal family of France.
Fleur-de-lis
A broken pediment having an outline formed by a pair of S-curves tangent to the horizontal cornice at the ends of the pediment and rising to a pair of scrolls on either side of the center, where a final often rises between scrolls.
Swan’s Neck
A style of architecture which took the humanist Roman vocabulary of renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical, theatrical, sculptural fashion, expressing the triumph of absolutist church and state. It is characterized by architectural concerns for color, light and shade, sculptural values and intensity.
Baroque
The religious order founded by S. Ignatius Loyola in 1540. It combat the effects of the Reformation, it built many preaching churches and it was not only a religious enthusiasts but also a building confraternity.
Jesuits
The crossed finial formed by the projecting barge boards at each end of the ridge of a Shinto shrine.
Chigi
The only surviving book on architecture believed to be written in the ancient Roman era. Although obscurely written in 10 volumes, it became a major reference for Renaissance architects.
De Architecture
An indigenous Scandinavian church of the 12c and 13c, having a timber frame, plank walls tiered steeply pitched roof windows.
Stave Church
A relatively small, usually foliated ornament terminating the peak of a spire or pinnacle.
Finial
A decorative row of arches applied to a wall as a decorative element esp. in Romanesque buildings.
Blind Arches
An inclined bar of masonry carried on a segmented arch and transmitting an outward and downward thrust from a roof or vault to a solid buttress that through its mass transforms the thrust into a vertical one.
Flying Buttress
A projecting ornament, usually in the form of curved foliage used esp. in Gothic architecture to decorate the outer angles of pinnacles, spires and gables.
Crocket
A window or doorway in the form of a round-headed archway flanked on either side by narrower compartments, the side compartments being capped with entablatures in which the arch of the central compartment rests.
Palladian Window
A sacred enclosure or precint surrounding a temple.
Temenos
A monumental, freestanding gateway on the approach to a Shinto shrine, consisting of two pillars connected at the top by a horizontal crosspiece and a lint above it usually curving upward.
Torii
The mother of Mesoamerica’s civilization and the most mystifying.
Olmecs
A monolithic stone monument whose four sides, which generally carry inscriptions, gently taper into a pyramid ion at the top.
Obelisk
An upright stone slab or pillar with a carved or inscribed surface, used as a monument or marker, or aS a commemorative tablet in the face of a building.
Stele
A Greek building that contains painted pictures.
Pinacotheca
Describing prehistoric masonry made of huge stone blocks laid without mortar.
Cyclopean
A stone built subterranean tomb of the civilization consisting of a circular chamber covered by a corbelled dome and entered by a walled passage through a hillside.
Beehive Tomb
A privileged guild of architects and builders as well as sculptors originating in Como, Italy, which carried out church building and characteristic decoration during the 11th century.
Comacine Masters
A secular version of Gothic architecture , as in the older colleges of Cambridge and Oxford.
Collegiate Gothic
The main sanctuary of Shinto shrine.
Haiden
A continuos row if pilasters in series.
Pilastrade
A phase if early period of Spanish Renaissance architecture of the later 15c and early 16c, an intricate style named after it’s likeness to silver work.
Plateresque
A functional architecture devoid of regional characteristics, developed in the 1920s and 30s in Western Europe and the US and applied throughout the world characterized by simple geometric forms, large areas of glass, and general use if steel or reinforced construction.
International style
The finest architectural gem of the Mughal/ Mogul style.
Taj Mahal
The principal chamber or enclosed part of a classical temple, where the cult image was kept.
Cella
How many windows are thee in the great dome of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.
40
A decorative scroll work and other ornament loosely derived from branches, leaves, tendrils, and vegetation.
Arabesque
What European country has both western and eastern apse in its Romanesque churches.
Germany
The primary building material of Anglo-Saxon architecture.
Timber
The early Romanesque architecture of the German dynasty that ruled a emperors of the Holy Roman Empire from 962-1002 BCE.
Ottonian architecture
A method of building, originating in Greece and adopt by the Romans, in which a space left in the interior of the wall was filled in with rubble, the while block of masonry being bound together at intervals by ties
Emplecton
A room for undressing in a Roman bath-house.
Apodyterium
An ancient Egyptian temple for offerings and worship of a deceased person, usually a deified king.
Mortuary Temple
The movement on Italy contemporary with art Nouveau.
Stile Liberty
The womb-house; the sanctum, holy of holies in Indian/Hindu temples.
Garba-Griha
The phase in Western European Renaissance architecture, c. 1750-1830, when renewed inspiration was sought from Ancient Greek and Roman and from medieval architecture. Its more specific manifestations were the Greek and gothic revivals both continuing further onto the 19c.
Antiquarian
Megalithic tombs or tumuli in Japan, constructed between early 3rd century and early 7th century for the aristocracy.
Kofun
An artificial mound of earth or stone especially over an ancient grave .
Tumulus
A circular arrangement of megaliths enclosing a dolmen or burial mound.
Cromlech
A pillared hall in which the roof rests in columns. Applied to the many columned hall of Egyptian temples.
Hypostyle
Refers to a Spanish baroque style of elaborate sculptural architectural ornament which emerged as a manner of stucco decoration in Spain in the late 1600s and was used up to about 1750, marked by extreme, expressive and florid decorative detailing, normally found above the entrance in the main facade of a building.
Churrigueresque
The characteristic cornice of the most Egyptian buildings, consisting of a large cavetto decorated with vertical leaves and a roll molding below.
Gorge Cornice
A Roman public open span edit social, civic or market purposes. There was at least one in every Roman town.
Forum
The main building material if the Greeks.
Marble
The domestic houses if the Aegeans.
Megaron
The tower of Hindu temple usually tapered convexly and capped. H a bulbous stone finial.
Sikhara
The projection of a figure or form from the flat background on which it’s formed.
Relief
The triangular-shaped sometimes ornamented are between the extrados of two adjoining arches, or between the left or right extrados of an arch and the rectangular framework surrounding.
Spandrel
A bracket system use in traditional Chinese construction which supports the rid beams, project the eaves outward, support the interior ceiling.
Dougong
A Japanese Buddhist sext that prescribes to a philosophy or outlook based on anti-nationalism believers seeks enlightenment through introspection and intuition.
Zen
Description of buildings of the 16c and 17c which we’re building with strong timber foundation, supports, knees, and studs and whose walls were filled in which plaster is masonry materials such as brick.
Half-timbered
A Neolithic settlement in Anatolia, dated 6500-5000 BCE. One of the worlds earliest cities. It had a mud-brick fortifications and houses, frescoes shrines, a fully developed agriculture and extensive trading in obsidian the chief material for tool making.
Catal Huyuk
Surface decoration, light and fanciful in character, much surf by Arabian artist, in elaborate continuations of lines.
Arabesque
The principal temple-pyramid of the sacred Teotihuacan in Mexico.
Pyramid of the Sun
A dynasty in China 220-206 BCE marked by the emergence of a centralized government and the construction of much if the Great Wall of China.
Chin
The wall in a mosque in which the niche or decorative panel is set oriented to Mecca.
Mihrab
The arcades hall of a mosque.
Riwaq
The screen, or ornamental work, rising behind the altar.
Reredos
A principal facade it Lahr or feature of facade, often treated as separate element of the design and highlighted by the ornamentation.
Frontispiece
The principal building type of Elizabeth architecture exclusive for the wealthy.
Mansion
The special feature if German Gothic cathedrals especially in the North, where there is a absence of a triforium a clerestory , while the nave and the aisles have the same height.
Hall Churches
Sculptural relief in which the highest points if the molded forms are below or level with the original surface.
High Relief
A tendency in architecture and the decorative arts to freely mix various historical styles.
Eclecticism
The prevalent building materials in Victorian architecture.
Steel and glass
A movement in architecture in the 1950s emphasizing the use if basic building processed especially of cast in place concrete with no apparent concern for visual amenity.
Brutalism
The phase if change in Western European Renaissance architecture (1750-1830) renewed inspiration was sought from Ancient Greek and Roman and from several architecture.
Neoclassical
Ceremonial entrances to Chinese temples or tombs or occasional spanning a street with 1-5 arched openings, derived from the Indian torana.
Pailou
The arts and crafts movement originated in England (c1860) is actually a reaction of what historical event?
Industrial Revolution
The wealthiest family in Renaissance Italy and gradually assume supreme authority in the state. It was the greatest patron of art in that time aside by the church. Its house was founded in 1524 and extinct in 1737.
Medici
An artificial canal for conveying water from one point or another, and often to a considerable distance from the source. Often discharge into reservoirs. It works through water from a spring in the hills collected in a reservoir to build up pressure and ensure steady supply to the city
Aqueducts
He formulated the canons of proportions which standardized all the Orders and added Tuscan and Composite Orders.
Marcus Vitruvius Polio
Buddhist stupas are built to house what objects?
Relics
The so-called air shaft from the Great Pyramids King’s chamber which is due south is directed to what stellar constellation?
Orion’s belt
The capital city if the Incas dedicated to the sun god and had numerous examples of superb masonry construction.
Machu Pichu
The Maranao royal house which is ancestral house sir the datu and his family.
Toragan
Donato Bramante was the first commissioned architect for the St. Peter in Rome and it was planned in a:
Greek Cross
An underground vault or chamber especially one beneath a church that this used as a burial place.
Crypt
The activity spirit or time the humanistic revival of classical art literature and learning originating in Italy in the 14c and extending in the 17c, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.
Renaissance
Where did the Gothic style originate?
France
The placing one order of column above another usually with the more elaborate orders at the top.
Supercolumniation
A swelling or curving outwards along the outline of a column shaft designed to counteract the optical illusion which gives the shaft the appearance of curving inwards. Much used by the ancient Greeks.
Entasis
Any of several arches like members supporting a vault at the groins, defining its distinct surfaces it dividing these surfaces into panels.
Rib
Anglo-Saxon architecture is the early Romanesque architecture before the Norman conquest in 1066 of what country?
England
The final phase of Gothic architecture from the late 14th century through the middle of the 16th century characterized by a flame like tracery, intricacy of detailing and frequent complication of interior space.
Flamboyant style
The “Sun King”; the King of France and great patron of art esp. in the later Renaissance. The Louvre and Versailles were monuments of his lavish expenditure on architecture and the decorative arts.
Louis XIV
In early Christian architecture what Roman building became the model for its churches?
Basilica
What is the favorite molding of the Spanish Romanesque?
Rope
