RANDOM SHIT TO KNOW Flashcards
J’aime beaucoup les fleurs. / Je n’aime pas beaucoup les fleurs. (no change, b/c definite article)
Il mange une orange. / Il ne mange pas d’orange.
(une => d’)
the infinitive/partitive article (un/une/des/du/de la/de l’) becomes (de/d’) during negation EXCEPT with “être”
Qu’est-ce qu’il y a dans cette recette?
Answer:
“Il y a” + (beaucoup de, assez de, trop de, etc.) + 1 food item
Est-ce que vous êtes prêt(e) à commander?
Oui, comme entrée, je voudrais…
Comme plat principal, je voudrais…
Comme dessert, je vais prendre…
À boire, j’aimerais avoir…
“beau”, “nouveau”, “vieux”
*appear BEFORE the noun* typically feminine is belle/belles typically masculine is beau/beaux if masculine begins with silent h or vowel, we use "bel" ex: "bel homme"
likewise:
nouvelle/nouvelles for feminine
nouveau/nouveaux for masculine
“nouvel” for masc. beginning with silent h or vowel
and:
vieille - fem.
vieux - masc.
vieil - mass with h or vowel
past participles
for verbs ending in -er => -é
for verbs ending in -ir => i
for verbs ending in -dre => u/is
object pronouns
definitite articles (la, le, les) as well as (ma, nos) and (ce, cette) remain
indefinite/partitive articles (des, du, un), as well as numbers and other quantifiers BECOME: EN
des –> de
In written French, the indefinite “des” becomes “de” when the adjective precedes the noun.
Ex: Il a de beaux yeux bleus.
negating adverb
ne pas/jamais/rien/etc. always placed immediately before and after the verb (the auxiliary in the case of passé compose)
Ex: Il ne chante jamais.
Il n’a pas chanté hier soir.
Reflexive verbs in passé composé
ALWAYS USE ÊTRE
DR MRS VANDERTRAMP
THESE VERBS USE ETRE:
Descendre Rester Monter Rentrer Sortir Venir Aller Naître Devenir Entrer Revenir Tomber Retourner Arriver Mourir Partir
agreement of past participle
PAST PARTICIPLE AGREES with the noun it qualifies ONLY if it is placed AFTER THE NOUN
EX: La mère a habillé (no change)
les filles.
La mère les a habillées (agreement).
VERBS USING ÊTRE ALWAYS AGREE W/SUBJECT
pendant
used with precise, definite lengths of time
means “for, during”
depuis
used with indefinite, continuous lengths of time. actions that started in the past and are still continuing in the present
means “for, since”
il y a
used only with the passé compose and indicates an event that took place in the past
means “ago”
de
describes:
- nature of something/its function
- a particular purpose
- it’s material
