Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OSCE Revision 2022 > Random OSCE > Flashcards

Random OSCE Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of toe walking

A

-Idiopathic
-Autisim, sensory stimulation
-Cerebral Palsy, Calf muscle spasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When is Toe walking not considered normal

A

-Above the age of 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the issues associated with toe walking

A

-narrow calcaneus
-falls
-Knee instability
-quality of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the causes of Idiopathic Toe Walking

A

-Tactile Processing, response to touch sensations
-Proprioceptive processing, sense of body position in space
-Vestibular processing, maintaining balance
-Moto control, control of specific body movement
-How long and flexible the leg and foot muscle are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a red flag in the birthing history

A

-Premature delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the muscle changes associated with toe walking

A

-Shortening of gastric and soleus
-Short hamstrings
-Contracted hip flexors/adductors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the traditional therapies to ITW

A

-Night braces
-Gait training
-serial casting
-AFO’s
-HEP
-Manual stretching
-Gait plates
-Botox
-Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What other therapies can you use

A

-Taping
-Orthotics
-Footwear
-Squatting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How to treat a MSK/Sensory toe walking

A

-Heel lift to bring ground up to the heel
-Myofascial release
-eccentric strengthening
-Weight shifting training
-Casting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What some exercise for toe walking

A

-Calf stretching
-ice skating on towels
-Foot intrinsic
-Deficit calf raises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What would you suspect of a 7 year old new toe walker?

A

=tethered cord syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some the primitive reflexes

A

-Grasp
-Step
-Crawl
-Tonic neck
-moro reflex
-Tonic labyrinth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How to rate a reflex response

A

0 absent
1 hypoactive
2 normal
3 brisk without clonus
4+ hyperactive with unsustained clonus
5 hyperactive with sustained clonus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How to rate motor strength

A

0 no movement
1 Flicker
2 moves with gravity eliminated
3 moves against gravity but not resistance
4 moderate movement against resistance
4- slight move against resistance
4+ sub maximal movement against resistance
5 normal movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some conditions associated with hyporeflexia

A

-CMT
-Polio
-Muscular dystrophy
-Friedreich ataxia
-Neuropathy
-Stroke
-CP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some conditions associated with hyperreflexia

A

-Spinal cord injury
-Cerebral Palsy
-Cerebellar ataxia
-Angelmanns syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How to rate a Gowers sign

A

-Mild, prolonged or rise using single hand action
-Moderate, forming prone crawl position, and using one or two hands on thigh
-Severe, using the thigh with both hands, additional aid to rise, unable to rise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is ankle clonus

A

-Series of involuntary, rhythmic contraction and relaxation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is an ankle clonus indicating

A

-Sign of neurological condition
-Upper motor neurone lesions
-associated with spasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does ANTT stand for

A

-Aseptic non-touch technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What should you be checking when using dressings

A

-Package intact
-Date

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How to perform Donning and doffing

A

Donning (put on)
-Gown
-Mask
-Glasses
-Gloves
Doffing (put off)
-Gloves
-Gown
-Glasses
-Mask

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

5 hand hygiene moments

A

-Before touching a patient
-Before clean/aseptic procedures
-After body fluid exposure/risk
-After touching a patient
-After touching patient surroundings

24
Q

Melanomas

A

A: Asymmetry
B: Borders (irregular)
C: Colour (not uniform)
D: Diameter (>.5mm)
E: Evolution

25
Q

What are the Instruments and order used in IGTN Surgery

A

-Nail splitter
-Beaver blade with handle
-Elevator
-Mosquito forceps
-Currette
-Phenol applicator

26
Q

How to dress after a IGTN

A

-Bactigras
-melonite
-Gauze
-Tube gauze
-Hypafix

27
Q

Patient instructions post-surgery

A

-Leave dressing on for first 24 hours, keep dry
-Bleeding may be present in first 24 hours
-Avoid tight fitting shoes and return to activity
-Dressing change every 24 hours, keeping toe clean and dry
-Paracetamol maybe needed if pain is present after LA wears off
-Contact clinic or GP is bleeding does not stop, or too painful

28
Q

Contraindications

A

-Pregnant or breast feeding
-PVD
-Allergies to LA
-Severely infected to nails

29
Q

Dosage calculation

A

-3mg/kg up to 200mg
-20mL max dose

Example:
-1% lidocaine
-Patient 70kg
-3x70=210
-210/10=21mL
-This patient max dose is 20mL
-If using 2% its half the dose

30
Q

Procedure types

A

-Partial nail avulsion
-Total nail avulsion

31
Q

ABI calculation

A

-Use higher of the two
-Ankle BP/Brachial BP

32
Q

ABI interpretation

A

> 1.3: poorly compressible vessels
1.3-0.90: normal
0.90-0.80: mild arterial obstruction
0.80-0.50: moderate obstruction
<0.50: severe obstruction

33
Q

What are some precautions of LA

A

-Allergies
-Local inflammation or infection
-Anticoagulated patients
-neuromuscular disease
-Neurological disease
-Renal, Liver problems
-Elderly and children

34
Q

Which drugs are involved in triple whammy

A

-ACE inhibitor or ARB
-Diuretic
-NSAIDs

35
Q

What are the consequences of triple whammy

A

-Acute Kidney failure

36
Q

What are some RA surgeries you can perform

A

-Arthroplasty
-Arthrodesis
-synovectomy
-Tendon release surgery

37
Q

Attachments to the medial tubercle

A

-Plantar fascia
-Flexor digitorum brevis
-Abductor hallucis

38
Q

What is the tests for beightons score

A

-Elbow hyperextension
-Thumb to forearm
-passive extension at 5th metacarpal
-Knee hyperextension
-Floor touch with knees hyperextended
-out of 9 score

39
Q

How to interpret a Beighton’s score

A

-4/9 hypermobile
-7/9 for children between 6-12

40
Q

What is intoeing

A

-Internal FPA during gait
-Internally rotated gait profile
-Prevalence unknown, no clear data in normal population

41
Q

Concerns over intoeing gait

A

-awkward gait
-fatigue
-tripping clumsiness
-future concerns

42
Q

What are some causes of in toeing

A

-Tight hip muscles
-Femoral torsion
-genicular bias, soft tissue contracture
-Tibial torsion
-Metatarsus adducts
-Conditions or syndromes

43
Q

What are some management strategies for in toeing

A

-Casting
-Splinting
-Gait plates
-Stretches
-Functional exercises
-Posture modifications

44
Q

Areas we need to assess for in toeing

A

-Gait
-Hips
-Femur
-Genicular
-Tibia
-Foot
-Soft tissues
-Conditions

45
Q

What is a normal finding for Gait

A

-FPA abducted to parallel

46
Q

What is normal finding for hips and femur

A

-Lateral and medial rotation same
-Femoral torsion of 15-20 degrees

47
Q

What is a normal finding at Genicular

A

-Lateral and medial rotation 2:1 ratio
-nil posterior soft tissue contracture

48
Q

What is a normal findings of Tibia

A

-Lateral torsion developing from 0 to 20

49
Q

What is a normal finding of the foot

A

-Rectus foot NWB and WB
-may or may not be postural metatarsus adducts

50
Q

What is a normal finding for soft tissues

A

-Normal tone, nil restrictions, functional

51
Q

What is a normal finding for conditions

A

-Screening, tone, contractions etc

52
Q

What is a example of strength program to correct intoeing?

A

-Big bear walks
-sumo frog jumps
-Cheeky crab walks
-Penguin walk

53
Q

What are some causes of flat feet

A

-Heredity
-Joint laxity
-Obesity
-Early shoe wearing

54
Q

What is the management of flexible flatfoot

A

-Reassurance
-Education
-Advice
-Avoid inserts

55
Q

What should you promote or encourage in flexible flat feet

A

-Avoiding obesity
-healthy diet, limiting TV, encourage active play

56
Q

When should you be concerned about flat feet in children

A

-Rigid
-Painful
-Very severe

57
Q

Facts about arch height

A

-1 in 5 never develop an arch
-Most of the time arches are low due to loose joints
-Children can be different heights and that’s the same with arch height
-if asymptomatic treating may cause problems

OSCE Revision 2022 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions