Random Number Generation

Question 1

Deterministic algorithm that does not produce statistically random sequences

Answer 1

pseudorandom numbers

Question 2

Number sequences generated via algorithm

Answer 2

pseudorandom numbers

Question 3

Input comes from source that is effectively random

Answer 3

true random number generator

Question 4

Comes from physical environment of computer

Answer 4

Entropy source

Question 5

Additional processing is used to overcome ____ from entropy source

Answer 5

bias

Question 6

Takes as input a seed as produces deterministic sequence of output bits

Answer 6

PRNG

Question 7

Output bit stream solely determined by input value or values

Answer 7

PRNG

Question 8

Seed must be secure and ____

Answer 8

unpredictable

Question 9

Should be a random or pseudorandom number itself

Answer 9

Seed

Question 10

Information(X = i) = log_2(1/p_i)

Answer 10

Definition of information.

Question 11

Low probability of occurring conveys ____ amounts of information

Answer 11

large

Question 12

H(X) = $\sum_{i=1}^n p_i log_2(1/p_i)$

Answer 12

Definition of entropy

Question 13

Cannot extract more random bits than entropy of the source

Answer 13

Randomness extraction

Question 14

Processing source to produce uniformly distributed random numbers

Answer 14

Randomness extraction

Question 15

Probability of any message being the cause of any particular ciphertext is the probability of 1 / all ciphertexts

Answer 15

Perfect Secrecy

Question 16

Size of key space is larger than size of message

Answer 16

Requirement of perfect secrecy

Question 17

Adversary who does not know seed is unable to determine pseudorandom string

Answer 17

Requirement of PRNGs