Random MDCAT Flashcards
darwin
darwinism
natural selection and adaptations are closely related
malthus
essay on population
wallace
sent paper to darwin
mendel
genetic laws
lineaus
binomial nomen clature
lyell
principals of geology
lamarck
theory of evolution
cuvier
paleantology and explained principals of catastrophism
age of earth
4569 million yrs
analogous
function same, structure diff, convergent evolution
wings of insects and birds
homologous
function diff, structure same, divergent evolution
limbs of humans and whales
enth of form of CO
-110
C-C benzene
1.397 angstrom
sufonation fastest
toluene
+ve red potential
less reactive
carbanion+cabronyll compound
aldol
bowmans
named nucleolus
fontana
nucleolus
waldyez
named chromosome
levan hooke
living cell
r. hooke
dead cell
r. brown
nucleus
w fleming
cell division
smallpox
dna enveloped virus
poliomyelitus, smallest known virus
rna virus
measles and mumps
develops immunity
rna enveloped
60% people immune
herpes simplex
dna virus
vascular lesions in epithelial layers of ectodermal tissues
cushings disease
excessive secretion of cortisol
neurilemma cells
schwann cells
endorphin
inhibits sensation of pain
saccoglossus belong to
hemichordates
tripoblastic animals show
both radial and bilateral symetry
in terrestrial vertebrates gill slits are modified to form
eustachian tubes
carboxyhaemoglobin
23%
high resistance against temp
spores
for sterilization purposes x rays used
mutation in bacterial genome
bacterial envelope does not have
inner membrane
periplasmic space
space bw cell wall amd membrane
fibrous joints
connected by dense connective tissues in rich in collagen fibres
targets of oestrogen
uterus and anterior pituitary
syphillis
treponna pallidum bacteria (spirochete)
damages eyes, skin, CNS, heart and bone joints
mycoplasma
fever, cough, bronchitis, sore throat, headache and tiredness
bronchioles
1mm
thoracic lymph duct of lymphatic system opens into
subclavian vein
least selective process
pressure filtration
grey matter
outer cortex
neuronal bodies
white matter
myelinated axons
central part of brain
cilia and flagella absent in?
higher plants
gut living symbiont E. coli
rod shaped
denitrification in soil
nitrate to nitrogen
snails are intermediate hosts in?
fasciola hepatica
Ascaris lumbricoids
intestinal parasite in man
phylum: nematoda
Oxyntic cells
secrete hcl
pesticides DDT & parathione
inhibitors of enzymes in CNS
protoctist
group of similar cells
eukaryote that is not a plant animal or fungus
single celled heterotrophic
cellulose cell wall or chloroplast
spiral shaped bacteria
vibrio
spirillum
spirochete
avidin
binds egg white with biotin
radial symmetry
all body parts around central axis
sissile mode of life
oxyntic cells are also called
parietal cells
in pelvic region sacrum is formed by fusion of
5 vertebrae
cyclic flow of C4c synthesis produces
ATP
All viruses only reproduce within living organisms so they are called
obligative intracellular parasites
candica albicans
yeast that grows in mucus membranes of mouth or vagina
body of tapeworms contains proglottis which contains mainly:
sexual organs
Ascarsis-pseudocoelomate
phylum nematoda
pericardium
closed sac that surrounds the heart
breathing consists of
2 phases
secondary consumers
trophic level three
tertiary consumers
trophic level four
primary consumers
trophic level two
producers
trophic level one
strongest proof of evolution
fossils
turners syndrome
low hairline
webbed neck
infertility
short height
melatonin
regulates diurnal rythms
percentage of cellulose in woody trees
50%
[ozone] measured in
dobsons unit
phenyl ketonoria
phenylalanine is not degraded due to faulty phenyl alanine oxidase
klinefelters syndrome
males w XXY chromosomes
anaerobic bacteria
cyanobacteria
spirochete
aerobic bacteria
pseudomonas
facultative bacteria
E. coli
pulses are present in the family:
fabacea
Tse-tse fly causes the sleeping sickness and skin diseases by transmitting
Trypanosoma.
xanthophyl
orange colour
aerobic repiration results in
36 ATP
Atp synthesis when e move from
cytochrome to plastocynanin
acoelomates: no body cavity
spongs and platyhelminths
slime in bacteria
provides greater pathogenecity
humming birds belong to
heterotherms
placental mammals are
eutheria
Microcephaly, the small sized skull is due to
genetic defect
non hodkin lymphoma is treated by
anitigens produced by tobaco plants
infestations
are diseases caused by parasites
Arteriosclerosis
A metabolic disorder is a medical condition that affects the body’s metabolism, such as diabetes or phenylketonuria (PKU). Arteriosclerosis is not a metabolic disorde
liver cirrhosis
excess alcohol consumption
urea cycle/orthinione cycle occurs in mitochondria of liver
conversion of poisonous ammonia (NH3) to urea ((NH2)2CO) which is then excreted in the urine
amniotes
all fishes and amphibians
Aquatic arthropods that breathe through gills?
Crustaceans
flexible, elastic, non-living matrix collagen that surrounds the cartilage is secreted by
chrondocytes
lysozymes is released by bacteria
during penetration
wings of a bird and the wings of a beetle are considered
analogous
lomasomes
present outside the plasma membrane but inside the cell wall in plant cells
In Morgan’s linkage experiment, when males and females of F2 generation mate with each other and produce offspring, the percentage of recombinants was
37%
Primordial soup is a set of hypothetical conditions on ancient earth first proposed by
alexandar oparin
Robert Kosh
discovered the bacteria causing tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, also known as Koch’s bacillus) and also developed various techniques of media preparation and maintenance of pure culture
Icosahedral Viruses have how many faces?
20 faces
Mohl
proposed the starch sugar hypothesis
surfactant
lowers the surface tension at the air/liquid interface within the alveoli of the lung. This is needed to lower the work of breathing and to prevent alveolar collapse at end-expiration
In cocci, three plane division results in the formation of sarcine which is a
cube of 8 cocci
parvo virus
single stranded DNA
at the end plate of bacteriophage
6 tail fibrils
chlorophyll b molecule
yellowish green
human bone cells
20% water
bacteria and arachea
lack cell wall
mycoplasma bacteria
lacks cell wall
middle layer of meninges
arachnoid matter
water vascular system/ambulacral system
starfish, sea urchins; echindoderms
silver fish
insect
no tissues in
sponges
biogenetic law of ernst haeckel
ontogeny recapulates phylogeny
precapillary sphincters
control flow of blood into cappilaries
nitrifying bacteria
chemosynthetic bacteria
testis divided into
250-300 lobules
leydig cells or interstitial cells
produce testosterone
hypophosphatemic rickets
X linked dominant
bicep muscles
flexor muscles
tricep muscles
extensor
gram negative cell wall
provides resistance against antibiotics
calcium
six isotopes
one/more muscle group face loss in function
paralysis
lymph vessels deposit lymph into
veins
pelvis and leg bone
vestigial organ in whales
Rapt
biwitched
99% universe in the
plasma state
Cnidarians
only ecto derm and mesoderms
diptoblastic
brain stem
medulla oblongata, pons, mid brain
HIV attacks
helper t cells for its multiplication
ATP synthase is located on
inner membrane
cellulose
dietery fibres
isomorphs
different physical properties
homogeneous mixtures
same ratio of atoms
tobacco mosaic virus
first virus to be isolated and studied under EM
HIV genetic information flows from viral RNA to DNA and forms
viral RNA and proteins
epilepsy
abnormal and excessive dicharge of nerve impusles
rods
in retina
photosensitive to dim lights
Arthropoda (invertebrae phylum)
most abundant species
vena cava recieves deoxygenated blood from kidney through?
renal vein
gonadotrophin hormone secreted by
hypothalamus
amorphous solid
indefinite heat of fusion
phylum platyhelminths are
percentage of lipids in plasma membrane
goose pimples
sedimentary rocks
most fossils are found in it
tetra pods
birds animals reptiles amphibian
solubility of oxygen
8g per litre
sex pilli
formed during conjugation
cytochrome a3
directly binds oxygen
inflammatory type of arthritis
osteomyletis
expiration
pressure in thoracic cavity increases
lungs contract
diaphragm relaxes
light harvesting compexes
antenna complex
capsomeres
help in determining the antigenicity of virus
Addisons disease
lack of hormone production
destruction of adrenal cortex; metablolic disturbance, muscle weakness
cushings disease
too much cortical hormone
androgens
secondary male charachteristics
oestrogen
secondary female charachteristics
positive feedback w LH AT
thickening of the uterine wall after menstruation
produced by ripening follicles
trough
concave lens
perpetuate
make smth continue 4ever
stalwart
loyal
prodigious
huge
perish
dieing in a violent way
stulk
to keep out of sight
michelsons measured length of the standard meters in terms of wavelength of
red cadmium light
gemmules
internal buds
appendix formed from
caecum
rectified spirit to absolute alcohol by
redistillation
phenol+formaldehyde
bakelite polymer
4s orbital has
three nodes
tracheids
longest supportive cells
