Random Fracture Knowledge

Question 1

What is the minimum number of X-ray views necessary for trauma to the osseous system?

Answer 1

Two views at right angles

Question 2

What is the number one location for an occult fracture in the human body?

Answer 2

Scaphoid

Question 3

What areas of the osseous system requires 3 views minimum when dealing with trauma?

Answer 3

Ankle and wrist

Question 4

What is there name of the fracture that involves buckling of the cortex?

Answer 4

Torus

Question 5

What is the term for the fracture of the cortex that doesn’t go completely through due to the cartilaginous nature of a child’s bone?

Answer 5

Greenstick fracture

Question 6

What is the type of fracture that has more than 2 pieces?

Answer 6

Comminuted

Question 7

What is the type of fracture that breaks the skin?

Answer 7

Open

Question 8

What type of force causes a transverse fracture?

Answer 8

Tension or angulation

Question 9

What type of force causes an oblique fracture?

Answer 9

Compression

Question 10

What type of force causes a spiral fracture?

Answer 10

Rotation

Question 11

What type of fracture is caused by angulation and compression combined?

Answer 11

Transverse and oblique fracture

Question 12

Oblique fractures run at approximately what degree level of the long axis of bone?

Answer 12

45

Question 13

The spatial relationship of fractures is relative to what part of the bone?

Answer 13

Distal aspect

Question 14

What are the three ways in which the spatial relationships of fractures are assessed?

Answer 14

Alignment, apposition, rotation

Question 15

What way of assessing the spatial relationship of a fracture involves describes the closeness of the bony contact at the fracture site?

Answer 15

Apposition (aka direction)

Question 16

What way of assessing the spatial relationship of a fracture involves describes the overall bend (direction and degree of angulation)?

Answer 16

Alignment

Question 17

What is the most common type of Salter-Harris injury?

Answer 17

Salter Type II

Question 18

Which type of Salter injury involves a fracture through the physis and epiphysis?

Answer 18

Type III

Question 19

Which type of Salter injury involves a complete shear injury through just the physis (cartilage)?

Answer 19

Type I

Question 20

Which type of Salter injury involves a fracture through the physis and metaphysis?

Answer 20

Type II (most common)

Question 21

Which type of Salter injury involves a compression fracture of the physis?

Answer 21

Type V

Question 22

Which type of Salter injury involves a fracture of the physis, metaphysis, and epiphysis?

Answer 22

Type IV

Question 23

What is the name of the fragment that sometimes appears with a Type II Salter injury?

Answer 23

Thursten-Holland fragment

Question 24

What is the most common location for a Salter type II injury?

Answer 24

Distal end of radius

Question 25

What is the common location for a Salter type III injury?

Answer 25

Ankles

Question 26

What is the second most common type of a Salter injury?

Answer 26

Salter type IV

Question 27

What can happen to a bone when the growth plate is damaged?

Answer 27

1 grow longer or 2 stay shorter

Question 28

What are the age ranges for increased incidence of fracture among males?

Answer 28

2nd and 3rd decades (teens to 20s) then will decrease by 45 years of age then increased again after 65 years

Question 29

What are the age ranges for increased incidence of fracture among females?

Answer 29

Highest up to 30 years of age then decreases to 45 where it begins to steadily increase due to menopause

Question 30

What is the most common FOOSH fracture for those under 5 years of age?

Answer 30

Supracondylar fracture

Question 31

What is the most common FOOSH fracture for those 5-10 years of age?

Answer 31

Transverse radial metaphysis

Question 32

What is the most common FOOSH injury for those 10-16 years of age?

Answer 32

Epiphyseal separation of radius

Question 33

What is the most common FOOSH injury for those 16-35 years of age?

Answer 33

Scaphoid (and other carpals)

Question 34

What is the most common FOOSH injury for those 40-70 years of age?

Answer 34

Colles or ulna

Question 35

What is the most common FOOSH injury for those over 70 years of age?

Answer 35

Surgical neck humerus

Question 36

What is the most common overall fracture in the elderly spine?

Answer 36

Thoracolumbar compression fracture

Question 37

What is the most common fracture in the extremities of the elderly?

Answer 37

Proximal femur

Question 38

What are the 4 most common fracture sites in the elderly?

Answer 38

Thoracolumbar compression fracture, proximal femur, distal radius, proximal humerus

Question 39

The indirect sign of displacement or obliteration of the fat stripe is most beneficial for what location of a fracture?

Answer 39

Elbow

Question 40

What is the FBI sign?

Answer 40

Fat blood interface (intracapsular fat-fluid level)

Question 41

What is the term for fat seen inside of the capsule upon X-ray? Outside?

Answer 41

``` Inside = FBI sign Outside = fat stripe ```

Question 42

What does a double cortical line indicate?

Answer 42

Impaction fracture

Question 43

What is another name for the FBI sign?

Answer 43

Lipohaemarthrosis

Question 44

How do the rates of fracture repair vary from infants to adolescents to adults?

Answer 44

``` Infants = 4-6 weeks Adolescents = 6-8 weeks Adults = 10-12 weeks, sometimes 16-20 ```

Question 45

What are the three phases of fracture repair?

Answer 45

1 inflammatory 2 reparative/metabolic 3 remolding

Question 46

Which phase of fracture repair involves the idea of Wolf's Law?

Answer 46

Remodling phase

Question 47

Which phase of fracture repair involves callus formation and is seen as fuzzy upon X-ray?

Answer 47

Reparative/metabolic

Question 48

Which phase of fracture repair would involves the first initial days after injury?

Answer 48

Inflammatory