Random Drug Facts Flashcards
Why should you not give trimethoprim in pregnancy
Folate antagonist
What are some drugs that cause postural hypotension
Bendroflumethiazide
Candesartan
Diltiazem
Isosorbide mononitrate
Why might a patient with hypertension complain of a persistent dry cough
ACE-I
What should you offer patients with essential hypertension who cannot tolerate ACE-I due to side effects
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
What needs to be monitored in a patient on ACE-I
eGFR - ACE-I may cause renal impairment
Why should tetracyclines (eg. doxycycline) not be given to patients under 12
Dental hypoplasia
May discolour teeth
Why should doxycycline not be given in pregnancy (or breastfeeding)
May be deposited in foetal bones and teeth
What is the drug of choice in treating DVT
LMWH
Dalteparin sodium,
Enoxaparin
Tinzaparin sodium
What is the ideal starting dose of a statin
20mg
What is the normal dose range for atenolol
25-100mg
In which patients is metformin contra-indicated
Those with renal impairment
What oral diabetes medication can cause hypoglycaemia
Pioglitazone
What medications cause urinary retention
Opioid analgesics Anticholinergics General anaesthetics Alpha adrenoreceptor agonists Benzodiazepines NSAIDs Ca-channel blockers Antihistamines Alcohol
How does gliclazide work
Sulfonylurea - Enhance insulin secretion from islet cells in the pancreas
How would you monitor lithium therapy
Renal function tests as it can impair renal function
What LFTs would prompt you to discontinue statin therapy
Serum transaminases over 3x the upper limit of normal
What drugs cause gingival hyperplasia
Phenytoin
Nifedipine
What drugs cause macrocytosis
Phenytoin
Sulfasalazine
What medication do you give to a pregnant woman with morning sickness
Oral antihistamine eg. cyclizine, promethazine
What is akathisia
A movement disorder, characterised by restlessness and a compelling need to be in costant motion
What drugs may cause akathisia
Domperidone
Metoclopramide
What is a side effect of proton pump inhibitors
Hyponatraemia
They can precipitate the secretion of ADH, resulting in symptomatic hyponatraemia
What is a significant side effect of ciclosporin
It can precipitate increases in BP, increasing the risk of stroke, MI and heart failure
What medications should be prescribed by particular brand names
Carbamazepine
Ciclosporin
Theophylline
Different formulations may lead to clinically important changes in blood concentrations of the drugs.
