Random Dermatology Flashcards
How can you distinguish between spider naevi and telangiectasia?
spider naevia refill from the centre and telangiectasia refill from the outside
What can periorbital dermatitis be worsened by?
topical steroids
What is the pattern of treatment for scabies?
permethrin two doses, one week apart for both the patient and contacts
What is Takayasu’s arteritis, features, association and management?
- large vessel vasculitis
- occlusion of aorta
- absent limb pulses
- common with female Asians
- malaise and headache
- carotid bruit
- intermittent claudication
- aortic regurgitation (20%)
- associated with renal artery stenosis
- manage with steroids
- hypertension (reduced blood flow to kidneys causes them to release renin)
What are the large vessel vasculitides?
- giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)
- Takayasu’s arteritis
What is giant cell arteritis?
- granulomatous arteritis of the aorta and large vessels
- superficial temporal artery is a branch of the external carotid artery
- headache, visual changes, neck pain etc.
- amaurosis fugal, jaw claudication (facial artery), tongue claudication (lingual artery)
- panarteritis - inflammation of all vessel layers, giant cells, T lymphocytes, macrophages (immune cell infiltration in smooth muscle layer)
- inflammation in section - skip lesions
- 50% have poly myalgia rheumatica
What is the pathophysiology of Takayasu’s?
- panarteritis
- giant cells
- lumen narrowing due to infiltration of cells leading to inflammation, fibrin mesh, fibrosis and thickening of wall
- pulmonary artery and abdominal artery may be affected (50%)
What is Buerger’s disease?
- thromboangiitis obliterans
- small and medium vessel vasculitis
- strongly associated with smoking
- extremity ischaemia - claudication and ulcers
- superficial thrombophlebitis
- Raynaud’s
What is trichotillomania?
condition that gives people strong urge to pull out their own hair
What is tinea capitis?
- scalp ringworm
- kerion - raised, pustular, spongy mass
- oral antifungals: terbinafine
- griseofulvin
- topical ketoconzole shampoo
What is tinea corporis?
- trunk, leg or arms ringworm
- well-defined annular, erythematous lesions with pustules and papules
- oral fluconazole
What is a pyogenic granuloma and how do you manage it?
- relatively common benign skin lesion
- linked to trauma, pregnancy and young women
- head/neck, upper trunk and hands (oral mucosa in pregnancy)
- initially small red/brown spot
- rapidly progress within days to weeks to form raised red/brown lesions which are often spherical
- lesions may bleed profusely or ulcerate
- lesions associated with pregnancy resolve spontaneously post-partum
- curettage, cauterisation, cryotherapy, excision
What is polyarteritis nodosa?
- medium-size vasculitis
- necrotising inflammation leading to aneurysm formation
- associated with middle aged men and hep B infection
- fever, malaise, arthralgia, weight los, HTN, mono neuritis multiplex. sensorimotor polyneuropathy, testicular pain, lived reticularis, haematuria, renal failure
Management of morphemic BCC:
- Mohs micrographic surgery
- more extensive spread than nodular BCC and more aggressive
- presents later
- poorly-defined edges
Wallace’s rule of nine:
- each area is 9%
- head and neck
- each arm
- each anterior leg
- each posterior leg
- anterior chest
- posterior chest
- anterior abdomen
- posterior abdomen
