Random Chemistry 🧪

Question 1

Formation of electrophile during nitration of benzene:

Answer 1

2H₂SO₄ + HNO₃ –> 2HSO₄- + H₃O+ + NO₂+

Question 2

Reagent for the hydrolysis of a peptide bond

Answer 2

CONCENTRATED NaOH or CONCENTRATED HCl

Question 3

How would you name a compound containing two aldehyde groups?

Answer 3

alkanedial

Question 4

How would you name a compound containing two ketone groups?

Answer 4

alkane - x,y - dione

Question 5

how would you name a compound containing a ketone group and a carboxylic acid / aldehyde?

Answer 5

y-oxoalkanoic acid
OR
y-oxoalkanal

Question 6

how would you maximise the amount of primary amine formed during nucleophilic substitution?

Answer 6

use an excess of ammonia

Question 7

how would you maximise the formation of a quaternary ammonium salt during nucleophilic substitution?

Answer 7

use an excess of halogenoalkane

Question 8

define periodicity

Answer 8

repeating trends

Question 9

suggest a reagent for the conversion of [Fe(H₂O)₆]³+ to [Fe(H₂O)₆]²+

Answer 9

excess Zn

Question 10

state the main observation produced when NaBr is added to sulfuric acid

Answer 10

orange fumes

Question 11

how many lone pairs does oxygen have

Answer 11

2

Question 12

equation for formation of acid rain

Answer 12

SO2 + H2O –> H2SO3

Question 13

sugar in DNA

Answer 13

2-deoxyribose

Question 14

suggest why condensation polymers are biodegradable whereas addition polymers aren’t (2 marks)

Answer 14

• As there is a polar C=O group

- Therefore, it can be attacked by nucleophiles (leading to breakdown)

Question 15

how do hydrogen bonds form within proteins (3 marks)

Answer 15

• nitrogen + oxygen are very electronegative
• so C=O and N-H are polar
• so lone pair on oxygen atom attracted strongly towards the partially positive hydrogen