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1
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: Transcription

A

thalassemias, hereditary persistance of fetal Hb

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2
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: Translation

A

thalassemias

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3
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: Post translational modification

A

i-cell disease

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4
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: protein folding

A

hemoglobinopathies

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5
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: Monomer–>holomer

A

all types of osteogenesis imperfecta

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6
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: Localization of protein

A

hypercholesterolemia

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7
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: cofactor binding to the holoenzyme

A

homocystineuria

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8
Q

Steps @ which mutations occur example: function of a correctly folded, assembled, and localized protein produced in normal amounts

A

HbKempsey

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9
Q

If your patient has a G6PD deficiency, what should you NEVER give them?

A

antimalarial drugs: sulfonamides, dapsone

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10
Q

If your patient has acute intermittent porphyria, what drugs should be avoided?

A

barbituates

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11
Q

If a patient has galactosemia, how should it be treated?

A

eliminate galactose from diet

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12
Q

Treatment for hypothyroidism?

A

thyroxine replacement

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13
Q

Treatment for biotindase deficiency?

A

replace biotin

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14
Q

Treatment for urea cycle deficiency

A

sodium benzoate

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15
Q

Treatments for a heterozygous person with hypercholesterolemia?

A

oral resins (diversion) and statins (inhibition)

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16
Q

Treatment for a homozygous person with hypercholesterolemia?

A

LDL aphresis

17
Q

What does CYP3A metabolize?

A

cyclosporine

18
Q

What does CTP2D6 metabolize?

A

tricyclic antidepressants and codeine–>morphine

19
Q

What does CYP2C9 metabolize?

A

warfarin

20
Q

What does NAT metabolize

A

isoniazid

21
Q

What does TMPT metabolize?

A

6 mercaptopurine and 6 thioguanine

22
Q

What does G6PD metabolize

A

Antimalaria drugs: sulfonamide, dapsone

23
Q

What does VKORC1 metabolize?

A

warfarin

24
Q

What inhibits CYP3A?

A

ketoconazole and grapefruit juice

25
Q

What induces CYP3A?

A

Rifampin

26
Q

What inhibits CYP2D6?

A

Quinidine, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine

27
Q

What is isoniazid used to treat?

A

TB

28
Q

What should you NEVER give to kiddos with ALL?

A

6 mercaptopurine, 6 thioguanine

29
Q

What kind of enzyme is G6PD?

A

x linked

30
Q

What are the advantages of RNA retroviruses?

A

integrate into cell’s genome with minimal host immune reaction

31
Q

What are the disadvantages of an RNA retrovirus?

A
  • limited to 7-8kb

- infects only dividing cells, does nothing to non-dividing cells

32
Q

Advantages of DNA viruses

A
  • wide variety
  • size: 35-36kb
  • stable and easy to get high titers
33
Q

Disadvantage of DNA virus

A
  • Does not integrate into cell genome
  • expression is transient
  • malignant transformation
34
Q

Non viral gene therapy (liposome, direct DNA) advantages:

A
  • very large insertion size
  • can deliver mini chromosomes
  • minimal host response
35
Q

Non viral gene therapy disadvantages:

A
  • low efficiency

- transient expression