Random cards throughout the chapters Flashcards
What is the goal of spring fertilization?
Reach maximum chlorophyll production without overstimulating the turf.
Why is late fall fertilization effective?
Plants continue to take up nutrients in their roots after the outside air temp lowers because the soil temps cool off slower. It also can be taken up in the spring when the plant comes out of dormancy.
As a rule, no more than ______ pounds of N should be applied in the sprig and early summer.
1.5lbs
What is Milorganite?
Sewage-based material used as fertilizer. Is a natural organic product
Synthetic organic fertilizers can be both…
Slow release and quick release
What are the only two fast release synthetic organic products?
Urea and Calcium Cyanide
What is encapsulation?
Covering the product with a polymer or sulfer coating to slow its release of nutrients.
What is the primary role of Phosphorus?
The storage and transfer of energy.
What nutrient is particularly important for seed production in turf?
Phosphorus
Plants that are lacking Phosphorus are more susceptible to ________.
Disease
What are some Phosphorus deficiency symptoms?
Dark green color that can turn to purple of very deficient.
When is the use of Phosphorus emphasized for use in turf?
As a starter fertilizer because new plants need a lot of P for root growth and development.
What is one negative aspect of having excess Phosphorus in the soil?
It can favor Poa annua germination which is unwanted by many golf courses.
Why do some managers use a Low P fertility program?
P can favor Annual Bluegrass infestation.
What is Potassium’s role in plant health?
It helps keep the plant stress tolerant. Aids in opening and closing of Stomata
Why is there only .44% P in fertilizer mixes?
Phosphorus stays in the soil much longer than other nutrients. It doesn’t leech through the soil profile at the same rate.
What does the plant use Calcium for?
Cell wall formation, cell division and growth.
What is Magnesiums role in the plant?
Is needed for the production of Chlorophyll.
Why is Iron important to turfgrass?
It aids in photosynthesis and respiration.
As soil pH increases…..availability of Iron in the plant ________?
Decreases
On average, turf requires ______ inches of water per week for normal maintenance conditions.
1 - 1.5 inches
Warm season grasses have _______ ET rates than cool season grasses.
Lower
What are some important factors in determining your ET rate?
Humidity
Temperature
Wind
True or False?
As a rule, not more than 50% of leaf tissue should be removed when mowing.
False.
Not more than 30 - 40% of leaf tissue should be removed.
Proper mowing is rarely a stress. True or False?
False. Mowing stresses the plant. period.
Phosphorus is mobile in the soil. True or False?
False
Sands will have low CEC’s. True or False?
True.
What is CEC?
Cation Exchange Capacity. which is the ability of the soil to exchange cations.
Calcium Carbonates are liming materials. True or False?
True
Liming Lowers the pH. True or False?
False
What can Liming provide for the plant?
Calcium and Magnesium
What does the term Buffering mean?
Resistant to change
Cations are _______ charged ions.
negatively
Sodium is essential for plant growth. True or False?
False.
Plants get the carbon they need from fertilizers. True or False?
False
Grass clippings contribute little to thatch production. True or False?
True
Iron is a macronutrient? True or False?
False. it is a micronutrient
Sulfer is a Macronutrient. True or False?
True
What is Gypsum?
Calcium sulfate
Ammonium nitrate is an inorganic source of Nitrogen. True or False?
true
SAR stands for what?
Sodium Adsorbtion Ratio
What is the HOC for our group project?
March and April is .130
May - September is .110
October is .130
When do we begin fertilizer applications? (Group Project)
April 15th
How much Nitrogen are we applying?(Group Project)
4 lbs N / 1000 in a 1lb applications of slow release amonium sulfate.
When are we applying Nitrogen?(Group Project)
April 15th, May 15th, September 15th and October 15th
When are we aerifying and how are we doing it?(Group Project)
April 2nd and September 2nd - 2” spacing on a 5 block with 1/2” hollow tines. drag plugs, remove thatch material, drag excess sand into holes and add sand if needed. Cut and Roll afterwards.
What is our plan to control weeds?(Group Project)
Split applications of Dimension as a pre-emergent for Crabgrass and Goosegrass in Mid April and Mid May. We will spot treat areas as needed throughout the season.
When are ball marks fixed? (Group Project)
Everyday by the green mower and roller operators.
When are divots repaired?(Group Project)
3 days a week and it is done by the tee mower operator.
What nutrients are low in strongly acidic soils (low pH) ?
Low in Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium
What is present in high amounts with strongly basic (high pH) soils?
Sodium
What are some problems that occur with soils that have a Low pH?
Slow Thatch Breakdown
Delay the release of some Nitrogen Fertilizers
Result in Weed encroachment
What is Gypsum primarily used for?
usually used for soils that have excess sodium. It helps to break down the sodium. It’s also a good way to provide calcium without affecting the pH
What Nitrogen sources are more likely to burn your turf?
Inorganic forms
What form of Nitrogen is most widely used in the turfgrass industry?
Synthetic Organic
What part of the plant struggles with a lack of Phosphorus?
Roots
If your turf is a Dark Green or Purple color, what nutrient is likely deficient?
Phosphorus
If you have been using proper nitrogen, and the turf is free of disease but still has chlorosis (yellowing), what is another Macronutrient that the plants might need?
Magnesium. It is at the center of the Chlorophyll molecule.
Molybdenum is a Micronutrient. True or False?
True
Returned clippings can contribute an estimated ______ pounds of N/1000 per year.
2lbs
