Random Cards

Question 1

Young, tx resistant HTN, low potassium, alkalosis, high sodium, abnormal imaging, low renin.

Dx + tx?

Answer 1

Primary Aldosteronism

Bilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia: Spironolactone

Unilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia:
Adrenalectomy

Question 2

Common causes of secondary htn?

Answer 2

• primary hyperaldosteronism
• renal artery stenosis
• renal parenchymal disease
• obstructive sleep apnea
• oral contraceptive use
• pheochromocytom
• Cushing syndrome

Question 3

Secondary hypertension + bilateral adrenal enlargement?

Answer 3

Cushing Syndrome or Primary Adrenal Hyperplasia

Question 4

Patient over 40 years old with chronic cough or sputum production, no constitutional symptoms, progressive exertional dyspnea, and/or risk factors for pulmonary disease.

Answer 4

COPD

Question 5

Decreased FEV1:FVC ratio lower than 0.70

Answer 5

obstructive lung pattern

Question 6

X-ray demonstrating hyperinflation (flattened diaphragm, rib horizontalization, hyperlucent lung spaces, and widened rib spaces)?

Answer 6

obstructive lung pattern - look for FEV1:FVC ratio lower than 0.70

Question 7

late-age onset of chronic cough and progressive exertional dyspnea with no constitutional symptoms, significant smoking, reduced FEV1:FVC and FEV1, reduced diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide

Answer 7

COPD

Question 8

Sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis, and amyloidosis PFT patterns

Answer 8

restrictive

Question 9

• chronic cough
• exertional dyspnea
• bibasilar crepitus
• paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Answer 9

Left-sided CHF

Question 10

Patients with silicosis are particularly susceptible to which infection?

Answer 10

tuberculosis

Question 11

• enlarged hilar nodes
• eggshell hilar calcifications
• nodules in the upper lung fields

Answer 11

chronic silicosis

Question 12

only cure for Silicosis

Answer 12

Transplantation

Question 13

an abdomen that is tympanic to percussion suggests ?

Answer 13

the distension is a result of air and not fluid - such as from intestinal obstruction

Question 14

• pneumobilia (air within the biliary tree) and a radiodense object in the right lower quadrant
• episodic abdominal pain and vomiting
• often elderly with with other comorbidities

Answer 14

gallstone ileus

Question 15

gallstones most commonly become impacted in?

Answer 15

the ileum

narrowest section of bowel

Question 16

preeclampsia plus
- Hemolysis
- Elevated Liver enzymes
- Low Platelets

Answer 16

HELLP syndrome

Question 17

pain and numbness in the palmer aspect of the radial half of her right hand that is worsened at night and with use of the hand

Answer 17

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Question 18

Cause of mucinous material deposition in carpal tunnel space

Answer 18

hypothyroidism

Question 19

median nerve entrapment as it passes under the flexor retinaculum

Answer 19

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Question 20

first step in management of CTS

Answer 20

wrist splinting / nonsurgical approach

Question 21

Patients with a family history of colorectal carcinoma or adenoma diagnosed in a FDR younger than age 60 years or in multiple FDRs should undergo…

Answer 21

• screening colonoscopy at age 40 years

or

• 10 years before the age at diagnosis of the youngest FDR, whichever comes first

Question 22

gold-standard diagnostic procedure of choice for the diagnosis of bladder cancer (painless hematuria in the elderly, possible chronic smoker)

Answer 22

Cystoscopy with biopsy

Question 23

More than 90% of bladder cancer is…

Answer 23

transitional cell carcinoma