Random Flashcards
Pores where water is lost in a leaf?
Stomata
How are guard cells adapted to their role?
Can change shape/bend, unevenly thickened cell wall
Bar cohesion, how does water go from the roots to the leaf?
Evaporation at top of plant creates tension in xylem, pulling the water up
What cell division does yeast undergo?
Budding
Which out of yeast, animals, plants and bacteria have ribosomes?
All of them!
What is the tissue type that undergoes division to get undifferentiated plant cells?
Meristemic
Which organelles are not found in mature xylem vessels?
Cytoplasm or nucleus
What is special about the structure of cell walls in xylem vessels?
Lignified, thicker, have bordered pits
Three types of cell found in phloem tissue?
Sieve tube element, companion cell, parenchyma
Name two types of epithelium?
Squamous, ciliated
How do alveoli create a short diffusion pathway for efficient gas exchange?
1 cell thick wall (short diffusion pathway), epithelium provide short DP also
How does alveoli help gas exchange?
Elastic so recoil, maintain concentration gradient for diffusion, small SA to volume ratio
What apparatus is used to measure ventilation?
Spirometer
What is the plasma membrane containing?
Phospholipid bilayer, containing proteins (glycoproteins stick out of bilayer)
How does high temperature effect the plasma membrane?
Bilayer becomes fluid, phospholipids vibrate, move and their KE is increased
If the atria contracted twice instead of once per cycle, one after the other, how would it effect blood output?
Lower blood out put per contraction, atrium cannot refill with blood
How can fetus’ breathe?
A fetus’ lungs do not function, blood is not oxygenated in their lungs but in the placenta from their mother
Does fetal or adult haemoglobin have a higher affinity for O2?
Fetal haemoglobin has a higher affinity for O2 as fetal must bind to O2 in lower partial pressure (in placenta)
What does smooth endoplasmic reticulum do?
Transport and synthesise lipids/fats/carbs
What do lysosomes do?
Contain hydrolysing enzymes or break down pathogens
Mitosis order?
People may attack the cunt
How to work out percentages?
Small/big x 100
How to identify a non-reducing sugar?
Don’t have an OH group, so cannot reduce other compounds
What sugars are reducing sugars?
All monosaccharides, some disaccharides
