Random Flashcards
Definition of sepsis
SIRS with suspected or confirmed site of infection
Definition of SIRS
At least 2 of
- Temp less than 36°C or > 38.3°C
- HR > 90
- RR > 20
- Blood glucose > 7.7mmol/L in the absence of known diabetes
- WCC less than 4 or > 12
Definition of severe sepsis
Sepsis with end organ dysfunction or hypoperfusion (indicated by hypotension, lactic acidosis or decreased urine output or others)
Definition of septic shock
Severe sepsis failed to respond to IV fluids
What does aspirin activate?
Anti-thrombin III - forms a complex which then inhibits factor Xa
Neonatal resus compressions - when and rate?
Start with 5 ventilation breaths if not improving and HR below 60bpm then 3:1 compression to ventilation
Management regarding variceal bleed
FFP and vit K and terlopressin
Propanolol reduce rebleeding
Most common cause of gastroenteritis in children
rotavirus
What is the most common drug cause of gynaecomastia
Spironolactone
What differentiates mania from hypomania
Psychotic delusions
Large transilluminating mass in posterior triangle of neck
Cystic hygroma
Features of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
in HIV patients
dry cough and dyspnoea with fever and very few chest signs
pneumothorax is common complication
exercised induced desaturation common
Management of PJP infection
co-trimoxazole
IV pentamidine in severe cases
steroids if hypoxic
Prevention of PJP infection
prophylaxis to all patients with CD4 count below 200
What is orlistat
Pancreatic lipase inhibitor used to help weight loss in obesity
Side effects include fecal urgency and incontinence
What type of drugs can cause lithium toxicity
Drugs which affect renal function because lithium is excreted renally
Analgesia of choice for renal colic
Diclofenac
What is yellow-green vision a feature of
Digoxin toxicity
What can cause digoxin toxicity
Hypokalaemia
Renal failure - drugs which affect renal function
Unfractioned and LMWH relationship with potassium
Can cause hyperkalaemia
Driving after 1st seizure
6 months off
Driving after confirmed epilepsy
12 months seizure free
Driving after 2 or more seizures with group 2 vehicles (eg. bus, coach lorry)
10 years seizure free
Driving after stroke or TIA
1month and may not need to notify DVLA if no residual deficits
Driving after syncope
Simple faint - nothing
One off syncope, explained and treated - 4 weeks
One off unexplained - 6months
Two or more - 12 months
What pH is non-invasive ventilation good for
Between 7.25-7.35 - below this need invasive
First line treatment of BPH
Alpha blockers eg. tamsulosin or alfuzosin
Treatment of non-faliciparum malarias?
non-falciparum malarias are almost always chloroquine sensitive
Stridor post-thryoidectomy
Think bleed - Owing to the confined space haematoma’s may rapidly lead to respiratory compromise owing to laryngeal oedema - need to remove sutures otherwise larynx will get obstructed
