Random Flashcards
What do the letters ‘DNA’ stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is made in cells by ribosomes?
Proteins
What is the barrier that separates a cell from its environment?
Cell membrane
Greek meaning of prokaryotic cells?
“before nucleus”
Greek meaning of Eukaryrotic cells?
“proper nucleus”
Organisms with eukaryotic cells?
- animals
- fungi
- plants
Organisms with prokaryotic cells?
- bacteria
- archaea
_____ produce protein (like small protein factories)
ribosomes
An external structure in plant cells, but not in animal cells.
Cell wall
What is a dependent variable.
The variable being measured or observed in an experiment.
What is mitochondria?
Mitochondria is the power house (energy source - ATP) of a cell, and where respiration occurs.
Jelly-like fluid that fills all types of cells.
Cytoplasm
What is ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate is the energy molecule used in cells. Stored inside the mitochondria.
What is cytoplasm?
The jelly-like liquid that fills the inside of a cell.
What are ribosomes? Where are they found?
Ribosomes are tiny organelles that are responsible for protein production. They can be found floating freely in cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
What is a controlled variable?
The variables in an experiment to keep the experiment fair.
Role of the Golgi body?
Processes and packages proteins and lipids for use within and outside the cell.
Compare the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Rough ER:
Ribosomes attached, responsible for protein synthesis.
Smooth ER:
Responsible for lipid synthesis and calcium storage.
Both are networks of interconnected membranes.
What is chemical respiration?
Chemical respiration is the the combination of oxygen with glucose to generate ATP.
Do animals cells have a cell wall?
No.
What type of cells are chloroplasts found in?
Plant Cells! They capture sun and use it to power photosynthesis.
What type of cell generally has the largest vacuoles, and why?
Vacuoles are generally the largest in plant cells because they give the cell structural turgidity.
What does the nucleolus do?
The nucleolus produces ribosomes.
Identify the purpose of a cell wall.
- An external structure that surrounds the cell membrane.
- The wall gives structural strength and protection.
