Random Flashcards
Data Visualization
graphical representation of information and data
ex. bar graphs, pie charts, floor plans showing a distance radius around seating, maps, infographics
CPM diagram
a visual took that shows the sequence of tasks in a project and shows it’s flow
Resiliency
the ability of an organization, place, or family to endure a catastrophic event and come back better than before.
Design to evolve and adapt to changing conditions over time
inclusivity in design is characterized by what main issues?
it provides a diversity of ways to allow maximum participation
typical decisions humans make in the course of a fire
smell smoke, hear glass break, awareness of alarms, see flames
Closer (self-closing) hardware
critical in closing a door and keeping a door shut after an occupant passes through
Flitch
a veneer slice or metal beam between two wooden boards
astragal
a molding strip to close gaps in door openings.
- between a pair of doors
- top of a door and a flush transom panel
-between top and bottom leaves of a dutch door
Intumescent materials
extinguishing agent ; expands rapidly to insulate and protect surfaces in case of a fire ; prevents passage of fire, heat & smoke
basic hardware requirements for fire-rated doors
approved..
-hinges
-self-latching device
-self closing hardware
-seal, door bottom, or smoke gaskets for smoke doors
fire dampers
restrict and PREVENT the spread of fire AND smoke
Smoke Dampers
RESIST the passage of smoke and air
passive system
- close in the presence of smoke to prevent it from circulation
dynamic fire dampers
close when airflow velocity and pressure increases a certain amount
static fire dampers
work w/ HVAC systems designed to shut down automatically in a fire
what does a consumer protection complaint by a client cover
legal action against an unaffiliated designer for unfair treatment to the client
what type of fabric is hydrolysis resistance testing used on?
polyurethane coated fabrics
important considerations for light quality
glare, contract, uniformity, color
FSC
accredits certifying organizations that comply with its principles and ensures that materials have come from environmentally responsible management
a product that has been reused after serving its original purposed
salvaged material
What type of luminaires require a ballast?
HID & fluorescent
Ballast
a device that regulates the current in an electrical circuit to improve stability
FACTS Sustainability Certification Levels
certified : 16 points
silver: 37 points
gold: 58 points
platinum: 79 points
total : 100 points
bio-based materials
product that is mainly composed from living matter (plant, animal, marine, forestry)
limits disposal waste
ex. wool carpets, bamboo flooring, strawboard, cotton batt insulation, linoleum flooring, wheatgrass cabinetry
metric scale examples
1:10, 1:50, etc
what plans can be doubled up with furniture plans
power & communications
Titration test
measures alkalinity in addition to pH testing on concrete floors prior to applying tile adhesives or coatings
measures moisture level
Hygrometer test
measures amount of water vapor/humidity is in the air
polyethylene sheet test
not that reliable as is detects moisture on the top portion of the slab & doesn’t quantify the amount of moisture
pitch (carpet)
number of ends of surface yarn in a 27” width
convert to gauge – # of stitches/27 = gauge of 1/(whatever # you get)
higher the pitch = more dense the carpet
how many square feet per square yard
9
4 types of workflow
Linear:
work process proceeds from one location to another in a sequence
centralized:
work controlled centrally
departmental:
one group controls work dividing into departments
network: no strict organization methos
Cut lines
show major slices in buildings or objects represented by section
Object Lines
major outlines of building elements/objects
Break/match lines
show where an object or area is not drawn in its entirety
Layout lines
preliminary blocking of components & lettering guides
What is a drawing identifier
sheet #
what standardized methods can firms organize their drawings by?
Uniform Drawing System (UDS)
United States National CAD Standard (NCS)
PWGSC National CADD Standard
Fluorescent kelvin rating
4500k-6500k
Incandescent Kelvin rating
2600k-2700k
HID kelvin rating
5000k-6000k
Halogen kelvin rating
2700k - 3000k
Natural daylight kelvin rating
5500k-7000k
Color temperature ranges from…
3600k - 9000k
how to calculate OL
sq ft / OL factor (net or gross)
Perkins & Will Precautionary List
highlights chemicals listed by government agencies as having negative health issues & where they are more likely to be found
Living Building Challenge Red List
a list of chemicals representing the “worst in class” substances prevalent in the building industry that pose serious risks to human health & environment
Oeko Tex Harmful Substances List
certification program that includes a list of harmful substances that products must be free from
Gravity Load
includes all fixed & moveable objects & structures in or on the building
Lateral Load
exerting a force parallel to the ground
ex. seismic forces, wind
How to figure out the efficiency of an interior layout
circulation area (net area) / useable square footage
what is the diagonal rule in life safety/egress
egress doors must be separated by at least 1/2 the diagonal dimensions of the specified room
the # of required exits is based on…
occupancy type
occupancy load
limits on travel distance length
calculating drapery width
(window opening size + stacking space + return + overlap of two draperies) x total amount of fullness
2 = 100% fullness
2.5 = 150%
3 = 200%
Cut length
combo of opening size & desired length of the finished drapery
don’t forget header & hem! usually 16-20” combined
Types of cabinetry
builder grade
- inexpensive, easily damaged, replaced every 5-7 years , not much versatility
Semi-Custom (most common)
- higher quality; can choose depth, color, door style ; better construction
Fully Custom
- most versatility ; 10-14 weeks to make ; $$$
Millwork grades
Economy
- basic cab. construction ; butt joint w/ painted particle board ; not common
Custom
- higher melamine grade ; thick back panel ; quality cabinet for a fair price ; easier to specify
Premium
- rare; very high quality; laminated everywhere ; high end hardware ; $$$
Ways you can reduce impact of IIC
Applying a resilient underlayment, furring, or carpeting
NRC
Noise Reduction Coefficient
measures ability of a wall or ceiling to absorb airborne sound
higher the value = better absorption
(measures between 0-10
Articulation Class
Focuses on speech clarity in an open office & how the ceiling’s materials absorb & reflect sound
higher the AC = better clarity & privacy
recommended values = 170 - 200
Ceiling Attenuation Class
a ceilings system’s ability to reduce sound transmission when multiple rooms share plenum space
higher the number = greater the reduction
recommended CAC levels in closed offices w shared plenums
35-40 dB
BOMA
Building Owners & Managers Association
A standard for measuring rentable area in a new and existing office building
used for estimating cost per square foot for commercial tenants
Incidental space
nonusable area that isn’t occupied by the client, but it needed to create the client’s space
ex. columns, structural walls, closets
not included in net area
Net Area
aka net assignable area
the space a client needs for specific functions
does not include areas for circulation, partitions, incidental spaces, and other required building amenities (bathrooms)
measured from the centerline of interior partitions of a space
total net area = all programmed areas added up
Total Rentable Area
all occupant areas of a shared building space
- excluding walls & major vertical penetrations
RSF=USF(useable sq ft) + prorated share of building common areas
Gross Area
includes exterior wall thickness, all vertical penetrations, basements, and attached garages
excludes: detached parking, loading docks, any structure outside the building line
measured to the outside finished surface of permanent exterior walls
