Random Flashcards
Cardinal signs inflammation:
Rubor
Calor
Dolor
Tumor
Function laesa
Mediators of inflammation:
Prostaglandin
Bradykinin
Kallidin
- produces pain
Lymphocytes
WVC enzymes
Most important mediator of inflammation
Histamine - produced by Mast cells
Exudate
> 1.018
Transudate
< 0.012
Passive movement of blood cells across the endothelial wall
Organelle that is used by WBC to move across?
Diapedesis
Pseudopods
It is the phenomenon through which blood-borne antigens are attracted and fixed to areas of inflammation:
Anachoresis
Accumulation of C3b on the antigen
Opsonization
A non-necrotizing inflammation of the skin (spec. subcutaneous tissues)
Cellulitis
Leukocytosis is a characteristic of what infection?
Acute bacterial infection (inc. neutrophils)
Lymphocytosis is a characteristic of:
Viral infection (early stage)
What cells are found in chronic infections?
Macrophage
Lymphocytes
Plasma cells
“Immune complex hypersensitivity”
Type 3
Arthus reaction, systemic lupus erythematous, serum sickness
3 types of cells acc. to regenerative properties
Labile - epithelial
Stable - liver, kidney and pancreas
Permanent - neuron, mature RBC, skeletal and cardiac muscles
Type of intercellular hyaline accumulation by plasma cells
Russell-fusch bodies
Zenker’s degeneration
Typhoid fever
Most significant feature of Mallory-Weiss syndrome?
Esophageal bleeding - seen also in bulimia nervosa
Extracellular hyaline accumulation
Amyloidosis
Amyloid- abnomrl protein fragments
Seen in Congo red staining
Types of necrosis
Coagulation
Liquefaction
Caseous
Gummatous
Gangrenous
Fat
Drugs that are used to treat tuberculosis of the lungs:
RIPES
Rifampicin
Isonazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin
Disease associated with low B cell count:
Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia
Wear and tear pigment; neurons
Lipofuscin or lipochrome
Lead poisoning
Plumbism
Silver poisoning
Argyria
Beq: Black pigmentation
Silver nitrate
Copper accumulation; brown green bordered eyes (keyser-fleischer ring)
Wilson’s disease
Gas gangrene
Clostridium perfringens
Violet stain
Potassium permanganate
Cell division of bacteria
Binary fision
Extrachromosomal DNA within a cell that is separated from its chromosomal DNA is known as?
Plasmid
Produced and excreted by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
Exotoxin
Exotoxins associated with diarrheal diseases
Enterotoxins
Integral part of the cell wall of gram-neagtive bacteria
Endotoxins
A waxy substance (unstable gram staining) that resist decolorization process:
Mycolic acid
Diarrheal diseases caused by enterotoxins:
V. Cholera enterotoxin
Staphylococcal enterotoxin (food poisoning)
Clostridium perfringens
Gram staining procedure:
Crystal violet - iodine (violet) - alcohol (decolorization) -safranin / carbulfuchsin (counterstain)
Gram positive color
Violet/blue
Ex. Streptococcus mutans
Gram negative color
Red
Ex. Neisseria gonorrhea
What disease will result to hospitalization (wc is f the ff)
Pansinusitis
Most common type of staining
Haemotoxylin and eosin staining
Acid fast staining
Carbolfuchsin (red) - acid alcohol - methylene blue
Acid fast bacteria color
Red
Non- acid fast bacteria color
Blue
