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Question 1

What are signs of a basal skull fracture?

Answer 1

• panda (or raccoon) eyes
• battle’s sign (behind ears)
• haemotympanum (blood within the middle ear cavity with an intact tympanic membrane)
• CSF leakage from the ears or nose

Question 2

What is the management for a patent ductus arteriosus and why?

Answer 2

Ibuprofen or indomethacin

• inhibit prostaglandin synthesis (which would otherwise keep it patent)

Question 3

What type of vaccine is the rotavirus vaccine?

Answer 3

Oral

Live attenuated vaccine

Question 4

How many doses of the rotavirus vaccine are required and at what ages?

Answer 4

2 doses

First at 2 months
Second at 3 months

Question 5

By what time should the rotavirus vaccine not be used?

Answer 5

First dose: not after 14 weeks + 6 days

Second dose: not after 23 weeks + 6 days

Question 6

What is the theoretical risk of giving the rotavirus after the advised latest date?

Answer 6

Intussusception

Question 7

1) In GORD in infants, what is a type of alginate suspension that can be used and how long for?
2) What should be used and how long for if this symptoms persist?

Answer 7

1) E.g. Gaviscon. 1-2 week trial

2) 4 week trial of PPI

Question 8

Why is ranitidine no longer recommended?

Answer 8

Many manufacturers prepared formulations with small amounts of a carcinogen, NMDA.

Question 9

What is the treatment for croup and does it change with severity?

Answer 9

Single dose oral dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg) taken immediately regardless of severity

Question 10

What can patients with cystic fibrosis do to reduce their risks of getting more chest infections?

Answer 10

Minimise contact with other CF patients (risk of cross-infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex and pseudomonas aeuruginosa)

Question 11

What is baclofen?

Answer 11

A muscle relaxant, antispasmodic agent

Given intrathecally or orally

Treat spasticity caused by cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, MS