Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Maddy Step 2 > Random > Flashcards

Random Flashcards

1
Q

Transudative effusions:

  • pH
  • protein
  • LDH
A

7.4 - 7.55

low pleural/serum protein (<0.5) AND

low pleural/serum LDH (<0.6) AND

Pleural LDH < 2/3 upper limit of normal serum LDH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Exudative effusions:

  • pH
  • protein
  • LDH
A

7.3 - 7.45

high pleural/serum protein (>0.5) OR

high pleural/serum LDH (>0.6) OR

Pleural LDH > 2/3 upper limit of normal serum LDH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

indications for TB pleural effusion

A
  • adenosine deaminase

- protein >4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

complicated vs uncomplicated bacterial pleural effusions

  • pH
  • glucose
  • WBCs
  • LDH
A

uncomplicated (pH >7.2)
complicated (pH <7.2)

uncomplicated (glucose >60)
complicated (glucose <60)

uncomplicated (WBCs <50,000)
complicated (WBCs >50,000)

uncomplicated (LDH <1,000)
complicated (LDH >1,000)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hypovolemic shock:

  • preload
  • PCWP
  • CI
  • SVR
A
  • preload: decreased
  • PCWP: decreased
  • CI: decreased
  • SVR: increased (sympathetic NS increased)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cardiogenic shock

  • preload
  • PCWP
  • CI
  • SVR
A
  • preload: increased
  • PCWP: increased
  • CI (decreased)
  • SVR (increased)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

obstructive shock

  • preload
  • PCWP
  • CI
  • SVR
A
  • preload: increased
  • PCWP: decreased
  • CI: decreased
  • SVR: increased
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

distributive shock

  • preload
  • PCWP
  • CI
  • SVR
A
  • preload: decreased
  • PCWP: decreased
  • CI: increased (can decreased in LATE septic shock)
  • SVR: decreased
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • preload: decreased
  • PCWP: decreased
  • CI: decreased
  • SVR: increased (sympathetic NS increased)
A

hypovolemic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • preload: increased
  • PCWP: increased
  • CI (decreased)
  • SVR (increased)
A

cardiogenic shock

- MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • preload: increased
  • PCWP: decreased
  • CI: decreased
  • SVR: increased
A

obstructive shock

- PE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  • preload: decreased
  • PCWP: decreased
  • CI: increased
  • SVR: decreased
A

distributive shock

- sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

complications within 3-5 days after MI

A

papillary muscle rupture

interventricular septum rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

complications within 5 days - 2 weeks after MI

A

free wall rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

complications several months after MI

A

left ventricular aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hallmark of left ventricular aneurysm after MI

A

deep Q waves and persistently elevated ST segments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

biopsy findings with microscopic colitis

A

mononuclear infiltrate within lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

two types of microscopic colitis

A

1) collagenous
- thickened subepithelial collagen band

2) lymphocytic
- intraepithelial lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pharm tx for hepatic encephalopathy

A

lactulose (reduce serum ammonium)

rifamixin (non-absorbable antibiotic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

causes of bloody ascites

A

trauma
malignancy
TB (rarely)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

causes of milky ascites

A

chylous (rich in triglycerides, due to presence of thoracic or intestinal lymph in abdominal cavity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

causes of turbid ascites

A

possible infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

causes of straw color ascites

A

more likely benign causes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

neutrophils >250/mm3 in ascites

A

bacterial perotonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

calculating SAAG

A

serum albumin - ascites albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

SAAG >1.1 causes

higher protein in the serum

A

portal hypertension

  • cardiac ascites
  • cirrhosis
  • Budd chiari
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

SAAG <1.1 causes

higher protein in the ascitic fluid

A
  • TB
  • peritoneal cancer
  • pancreatic
  • nephrotic syndrome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

breastfeeding (lactation failure) vs breast milk jaundice

A

breastfeeding: age <1 week
- insufficient intake of breast milk causing delayed stooling and and increase in enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin

breast milk: age >1 week
- increased B-glucuronidase in the breast milk causing increased deconjugation of intestinal bilirubin and increased enterohepatic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

treatment for breastfeeding jaundice

A

increase frequency of breastfeeding

30
Q

drugs that do not show up on a USD because they’re synthetic

A 
hydrocodone
hydromorphone
oxycodone
fentanyl
meperidine
methadone
tramadol
31
Q

rash/steven johnson syndrome is an AE of lamotrigine

A

dont forget

32
Q

HMOs

  • providers elligible
  • referalls?
A

limited # providers

requires referral

33
Q

PPOs

  • providers elligible
  • referalls?
A

out of network allowed (more exensive)

no referrals necessary

34
Q

EPOs

  • providers elligible
  • referalls?
A

limited # providers

requires referral

same thing as HMO, but network is smaller

35
Q

POS

  • providers elligible
  • referalls?
A

out of network allowed

requires referral

36
Q

TX molluscum contagiosum

A

liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy)

37
Q

Henoch Schonlein Purpura sx

A
  • palpable purpura on thighs, ankles, butt
  • hematuria
  • arthralgias
  • abdominal pain/intussusception
  • 1/3 boys have scrotal pain from localized vasculitis
38
Q

tx Henoch Schonlein Purpura

A

mild: supportive
severe: systemic glucocorticoids

39
Q

erythematotelangiectatic rosacea

and tx

A

fair skinned individuals

flushing

tx: avoidance of triggers

40
Q

papulopustular rosacea

A

papules and pustules

tx: topical metronidazole

41
Q

seborrheic dermatitis tx

A

antifungals

42
Q

rapid onset severe psoriasis

- underlying condition?

43
Q

severe seborrheic dermatitis

- underlying condition?

A

HIV

Parkinson’s

44
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum

- underlying condition?

45
Q

early decelerations in FHM

A

head compression

46
Q

variable decelerations in FHM

A

cord compression

47
Q

late decelerations in FHM

A

uteroplacental insufficiency

48
Q

begins rolling

49
Q

transfers objects hand to hand

50
Q

says dada and mama

51
Q

3 finger pincer grasp

52
Q

2 finger pincer grasp

53
Q

throws ball

54
Q

runs and kicks a ball

55
Q

builds a tower of 2-4 cubes

56
Q

10-25 word vocab

57
Q

walks up down stairs with both feet on each step

58
Q

walks up down stairs with alternating feet

59
Q

builds a tower of 6 cubes

60
Q

vocab >50 words

61
Q

follows 2 step commands

62
Q

100% intelligible speech

63
Q

tricycle

64
Q

copies a circle

65
Q

copies a cross

66
Q

copies a square

67
Q

skips

68
Q

counts to 10

69
Q

completes toilet training

70
Q

speech 75% intelligible

71
Q

B2 (riboflavin) deficiency sx

A

angular chelosis

seborrheic dermatitis

normocytic anemia

Maddy Step 2 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions