Rads

Question 1

Cathode

Answer 1

Negatively charged
Tungsten FILAMENT where electrons are generated when heated
Time when electron leave X-ray tube is measured in time mAS

Question 2

kVP

Answer 2

Kilo voltage peak
More rad density increasing penetrating power (QUALITY) of xray beam
Regulate voltage applied to anode and cathode in tube, accelerating electrons from cathode to anode
High kVP=high positive charge on xray beam with shorter wavelengths and penetrating power setting determined by thickness of pets.
High kvp is more penetrating to get to the bone, increase radiation, and decrease mAs setting and short exposure
Increase CONTRAST

Question 3

MAS

Answer 3

Quantity factor that regulates quantity of xrays produced. Produced by mA and exposure time.
High mas=high film density and opposite.

Ma high=high # of electrons=shorter time/exposure to personnel and high # of xrays produced

Question 4

Source Image Distance

Answer 4

Important in loss of detail
36-40in
Distance from target to the recording film
Focal spot too CLOSE to part xray= MAGNIFICATION AND LACK OF DISTINCTION AT MARGINS OF STRUCTURES
KEEP FFD AS LONG AS POSSIBLE WITHOUT REDUCING XRAY INTENSITY

Question 5

Scatter radiation

Answer 5

2ndary radiation
Dogs film and decreases contrast
Safety hazard to personnel
Projected in all directions
High kvp= high scatter rads
Body parts >10cm= reduce detail on rads

Question 6

Bucky

Answer 6

Sets grid in motion as xrays are generated blurring the white grid lines on rads
Grid w Bucky is fewer lines= less mAs
Disadvantage is its noisy and vibrates to scare patient

Question 7

Heel effect

Answer 7

Uneven xray photon distribution
Angle of target areas and absorption by anode and target material
Xray beam more intense on side of CATHODE than in center beam/anode side

Question 8

Magnification

Answer 8

A larger image of an anatomic structure can be obtained if distance bw object and film is increased.

Question 9

Foreshortening

Answer 9

Object not parallel to recording surface and distorts size by shortening length of object (esp long bones)
One end of bone is farther than other end and bone appears shorter

Question 10

Elongation

Answer 10

Distortion of anatomic structures so image appears longer than actual size.
Xray not directed perpendicular to film surface

Question 11

Rad density

Answer 11

Degree of BLACKNESS on film
Ma control this
High density= increase # of xrays to film and penetrating power

Question 12

Rad contrast

Answer 12

Density opacity bw 2 areas on rads
LONG HIGH is v blk wht less gray
SHORT LESS more gray less blk wht
Kvp control this and increase contrast

Question 13

Subject density

Answer 13

Air fat tissue bone metal

How much atomic number is that can be absorbed idk

Question 14

Anode

Answer 14

Positively charged

Rotating tungsten TARGET where xrays are generated at focal point