Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal > Radiology of Arthritis and Bone Pathologies > Flashcards

Radiology of Arthritis and Bone Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by a ‘distracted’ fracture?

A

Bone pieces are pulled apart in the fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is meant by a ‘comminuted’ fracture?

A

Bone is broken up into lots of small pieces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is meant by a ‘compound’ fracture?

A

Open to the skin, more likely to be infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is meant by a ‘overriding’ fracture?

A

Dense, sclerotic lesion due to overriding bits of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Extra-articular fractures are at higher risk for development of arthritis than intra-articular fractures. t/f?

A

False - the opposite is true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why do intracapsular fractures of the femoral head require surgical intervention?

A

These fractures are at high risk of avascular necrosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What sign on x-ray is specific for Paget’s disease?

A

Blade of grass sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of joint changes are seen in degenerative arthritis?

A

Increased bone production - osteophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of joint changes are seen in inflammatory arthritis?

A

Periarticular erosions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of joint changes are seen in depositional arthritis?

A

Periarticular soft tissue masses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Active erosions are likely to appear well-defined on x-ray. T/F?

A

False - active erosions are ill-defined, old erosions are well-defined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is primary degenerative arthritis?

A

Intrinsic degeneration of the articular cartilage caused by excessive wear and tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What joints are commonly affected by primary degenerative arthritis?

A

Hips

Knees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What signs of primary degenerative arthritis are seen on x-ray?

A

Narrowed joint spaces
Osteophytes
Subchondral sclerosis/cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is secondary degenerative arthritis?

A

Arthritis caused by another process which destroys the articular cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the common causes of secondary degenerative arthritis?

A 
Trauma
Infection
Avascular necrosis
CPPD
RA
Haemophilia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the uncommon causes of secondary degenerative arthritis?

A

Haemachromatosis
Acromegaly
Ochronosis
Wilson’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Any type of arthritis can end up as degenerative arthritis. T/F?

A

True

19
Q

What is CPPD caused by?

A

Hyperparathyroidism

Haemachromatosis

20
Q

What changes are seen in CPPD?

A

Similar to OA but symmetrical and unusual distribution
Chonedrocalcinosis - calcification of the articular cartilage
Triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist, knee, hip, shoulder an symphysis pubis

21
Q

What is the acute presentation of CPPD?

A

Sudden onset of pain or fever
Joint appears tender, swollen and red
May mimic septic arthritis

22
Q

What are the possible causes of inflammatory arthritis?

A

Infection
RA
Seronegative arthropathies
Other connective tissue diseases

23
Q

What are the possible causes of seronegative arthropathies?

A

Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Inflammatory bowel disease

24
Q

What systemic connective tissue diseases can cause inflammatory arthritis?

A

Scleroderma

SLE

25
Q

In what age group is infectious arthritis most common?

A

Adults

26
Q

When does infectious arthritis commonly occur?

A

After local injury or surgery

27
Q

Which joints are typically affected in infectious arthritis?

A

Fingers due to bites
Feet due to diabetes
Hip due to hip replacement
Usually only one joint affected

28
Q

Which organisms commonly cause infectious arthritis?

A

Staph
Step
TB

29
Q

What are the signs (clinical and on x-ray) of infectious arthritis?

A 
Soft tissue swelling
Destruction of cartilage and bone
Rapid loss of joint soace
Possible periosteal reaction
Osteoporosis
Subluxation
OA
Fusion
30
Q

What signs will be seen on imaging in discitis?

A 
End-plate erosion
Disc space narrowing
Bone destruction
Paravertebral masses
Sclerosis
Anklyosis
31
Q

What are the signs (clinical and on x-ray) of RA?

A 
Hyperaemia
Soft tissue swelling
Synovitis
Effusion
Bone marrow oedema
Erosions
Cysts
Joint space narrowing
Secondary degenerative changes
Loose bodies
32
Q

Which gene is particularly associated with serous-negative inflammatory arthropathies?

A

HLA-B27

33
Q

What classical deformity can be seen on x-ray in patients with psoriatic arthritis?

A

Pencil and cup deformity

34
Q

What is retire syndrome?

A

Triad of urethritis, arthritis and conjunctivitis

35
Q

Describe the epidemiology of renter’s syndrome

A

Male>female
White>black
20-40 years

36
Q

How long after infection does renter’s syndrome occur?

A

1-3 weeks

37
Q

What joints are commonly affected by renter’s syndrome?

A

Sacro-iliac

Lower limb joints

38
Q

What are the presenting complaints of a patient with ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Low back pain and stiffness

39
Q

Which joints are usually affected by ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Sacro-iliac

40
Q

In which cause of inflammatory arthritis would you see a ‘bamboo spine’ on imaging in late disease?

A

Ankylosing spondyltiis

41
Q

What condition is characterised by urate crystal deposition?

A

Gout

42
Q

What is the epidemiology of gout?

A

Common in elderly men

Often hereditary

43
Q

What joints are commonly affected by gout?

A

Foot, knee, hand, elbow

Musculoskeletal (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions