Radiology Flashcards
key characteristics of xray- osteoporosis
-dec cortical thickening
key characteristics of xray- osteopetrosis
-diffuse, dense bone
key characteristics of xray- paget’s
-thickening of calvarium
key characteristics of xray- osteonecrosis
- xray- irregular lucencies w adj sclerosis
- MRI- dark serpiginous necrotic bone
key characteristics of xray- ankylosing spondylitis
-bamboo spine
key characteristics of xray- giant cell tumor
-soap bubble appearance
key characteristics of xray- osteochondroma
exostosis of bone
key characteristics of xray- osteosarcoma
- sunburst pattern
- codman triangle around metaphysis of long bones
key characteristics of xray- ewing sarcoma
-onion skin around diaphysis of long bone
diaphysis lesions
- ewing sarcoma
- myeloma
- osteoid osteoma
metaphysis lesions
- osteosarcoma
- osteochondroma
epiphysis lesions
-giant cell tumor
Rheumatoid arthritis
- pannus- MCP and PIP
- subcutaneous nodules
- radial deviation of wrist, ulnar dev of fingers
- boutenaries, swan neck
- autoimmune- symmetrical
- morning stiffness, improves w use
Osteoarthritis
- mechanical- unilateral
- subchondral cysts, oteophytes- Heberden nodes (DIP), bouchard nodes (PIP)
- pain in weight bearing joints and after use
osteoporosis- radiology
- kyphosis
- osteopenia
- compression fractures
- anterior wedging (codfish deformity)
osteopetrosis- pathology
osteoclast dysfxn- thickened bone, prone to fractures
- bone fills marrow spaces- pancytopenia, extramedullary hematopoiessis
- carbonic anhydrase mutations
Paget dz- pathology
- inc bone resorption; new bone formation- abnormal, woven
- bone enlargement and deformity
- risk of osteosarcoma!!
Paget dz- clinical manifestations
- > 50 yo
- asx usually- inc hat size, inc output HF, osteosarcoma, bowed tibia and deafness
Paget dz- markers, radiology
- inc serum alk phos
- skull- diploic thickening of inner and outer calvarium, cotton wool appearance (mixed lytic and sclerotic lesions), frontal bone enlargment
- long bones- bowing of femur, ant curve of tibia, mosaic pattern of woven and lamellar bone
Osteonecrosis- pathology
- infarction of bone and marrow
- fractures or corticosteroid admin
- most common site- femoral head (medial circumflex femoral a)
osteonecrosis- radiography, MRI
- micro fractures accum in dead bone- crescent sign
- MRI- dbl line sign; osteochondral fragmentation; dark serpiginous necrotic bone
- rim sign- fluid b/w sclerotic borders
Ankylosing spondylitis- is what
- HLA-27
- chronic infl dz of spine and sacroiliac joints
Ankylosing spondylitis- radiology
- vertebral fusion
- bamboo spine
giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma)- who, what is it
- 20-40 yo
- distal femur, proximal tibia
- non-neoplastic osteoclasts
- arise in epiphysis
- arthritis-like dx’s, fractures
giant cell tumor- radiograph
- soap-bubble appearance
- multinucleated giant cells
- narrow zone of transition
osteochondroma- who, is what
- exostosis of bone
- rarely transforms into chondrosarcoma
- males < 25 yo
- endochrondral origin only- metaphysis near growth plate- esp knee!
- slow growing tumors
osteochondroma- radiology
- cartilage-capped tumor attached to skeleton by bny stalk
- metaphyseal region
- pic is when malignant transformation
osteosarcoma
- bimodal- 10-20 yo- metaphyseal areas of long bones
- >65 yo
osteosarcoma- radiology
- large destructive, mixed lytic and blastic mass
- Codman triangle- triangular shadow b/w cortex and raised areas of periosteum
- Sunburst appearance- lesion grows too fast- Sharpey’s fibers!!
Ewing sarcoma- is what
- malignant- primitive round cells
- t(11;22- fusion protein EWS-FLI1
- white boys < 15 yo
- diaphysis of long bones
- painful enlarging mass, warm, tender swollen
Ewing sarcoma- radiograph
- destructive lytic tumor
- onion-skin!!
