Radiology Flashcards
Under the less than ideal conditions of motion and poor blood supply to the fracture, what will mesynchemal cells differentiate into during healing?
Chondroblasts - hyaline cartilage produced. Later mineralised and converted to bone by endochondral ossification.
If there is tension at the fracture site, what will mesynchemal cells differentiate into during healing?
Fibroblasts - produce fibrous tissue. Not good as this hampers bone union.
How long after a fracture should a bridging be present? Will it be visible on radiographs?
Approximately 2 weeks. Will only be faintly visible as it is a mixture of cartilage and bone.
Describe a simple fracture:
One fracture line, two main fragments
Describe a comminuted fracture:
More than one fracture line - communicate. Three or more fragments.
Describe a pathological fracture:
Occurs without trauma as a result of weakening of the bone by underlying disease (nutritional, metabolic, neoplastic).
Describe a chip fracture:
Small fragments of bone.
Describe a slab fracture:
From one joint surface to another.
Describe an Avulsion fracture:
At the attachment sites of tendons, ligaments and joint capsules - caused by excessive force on these structures.
Describe multiple/segmental fractures:
More than one fracture line - DO NOT communicate.
Describe compression/impacted fractures:
Trauma that crushes the bone. Most common in vertebral bodies.
Describe depression fractures:
Occur in the skull, sinuses and nose. Fracture fragments are displaced below the normal surface.
Describe a fissure fracture:
Incomplete fracture.
Describe Salter-Harris classification class I:
Fracture through the physis.
Describe Salter-Harris classification class II:
Fracture through the physis and into the metaphysis. A metaphyseal fragment remains attached to the to the epiphysis.
Describe Salter-Harris classification class III:
Fracture through the epiphysis and into the physis. Involvement of the joint must be considered.
Describe Salter-Harris classification class IV:
Fracture through the epiphysis AND the metaphysis crossing the physis. Involvement of the joint must be considered.
Describe Salter-Harris classification class V:
Compression/impaction of the phsis. Premature growth plate closure.
Does the proximal or distal physis contribute more to growth in the radius and ulna?
Distal.
Under ideal conditions (no movement, compression of fracture fragments and good blood supply) what will mesynchemal cells differentiate into during fracture healing?
Osteoblasts - woven bone will be formed rapidly.
