Radiology 2 Flashcards
Name the 3 types of intraoral radiographs
bitewing (horizontal or vertical), periapical, occlusal (maxilla and mandible)
Name the 5 types of extraoral radiographs
Dental panoramic tomography (DPT), Lateral cephalogram, postero-anterior mandible, lateral oblique mandible, occipito-mental views of facial bone
How is a DPT taken? What does it show? What can be a problem?
o X-ray tube rotates around patients head with constant long exposure of 14 seconds.
o Panoramic image of teeth and supporting structures.
o Majority of patients can tolerate but body shape can make positioning difficult.
What does an occlusal radiograph show?
o Upper maxillary occlusal: shows anterior part of maxilla and anterior teeth
o Lower mandibular occlusal: shows a plan view of the tooth-bearing portion of the mandible AND the FOM.
What is a lateral cephalogram used for?
o Used in orthodontics to assess the relationships of the teeth to the jaws and the mandible to the rest of the facial skeleton.
o Can also see soft tissue of nose and lips which helps with surgical planning.
What is a postero-anterior mandible radiograph useful for?
Useful for showing fracture in the mandible.
Which view(s) can be used to show a fracture of the mandible?
Postero-anterior mandible and DPT. Two views taken at 90 degrees of each other are necessary to show extent of fracture. If DPT cannot be taken, can take a lateral oblique mandible radiograph.
When is a lateral oblique mandible radiograph commonly used?
Most commonly done in the dental hospital for children that cannot tolerate a bitewing (also done on adults for mandibular fractures if DPT is not available).
Occipito- mental views: when are they commonly done? how are they taken? what do they show?
Done in A and E for patients with facial trauma. Will show fractures of the orbits, zygomatic arches and maxilla. Two views are taken, first with the beam angled at 10 degrees and the second at 30 degrees. Beneficial to take the films erect to demonstrate fluid levels in the antra.
Are intra or extra oral radiographs clearer and why?
Intraoral because the closer the object is to the receptor, the better the detail on the image
What are the 9 reasons for taking periapical radiographs?
- Detection of apical infection or inflammation
- Detailed evaluation of apical cysts and other lesions within the bone
- Assessment of periodontal status
- After trauma to the teeth and associated bone
- Assessment of root morphology before extractions
- Assessment of the presence and position of unerupted teeth
- During endodontics
- Pre-operative assessment and post-operative appraisal of apical surgery
- Evaluation of implants postoperatively
What source should you consult for help on the most appropriate radiographic view you require?
FGDP Selection Criteria for Dental Radiography
