Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

The rectangular PID is the most effective in….

A

reducing patient exposure

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2
Q

What restricts the size and shape of the X-ray beam?

A

Collimator

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3
Q

What is a collimator made of?

A

lead

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4
Q

The dose of radiation that the body can endure with little or no chance in injury is….

A

Maximum permissible dose

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5
Q

what does anatomical landmarks on maxillary central incisors include

A

incisive foremen, nasal fossa, and maxillary sinus

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6
Q

what are multiple images on a film caused by?

A

double exposure

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7
Q

What is taken to obtain diagnostic information?

A

Dental S-rays

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8
Q

What does the amount of radiation exposure and individual receives depend on?

A

Film speed, collimation, technique, and exposure factors

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9
Q

What size films are used to expose posterior periapical and adult bitewing projections?

A

Size 2 films

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10
Q

Who is the only person that should be in the path of the useful beam?

A

The patient

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11
Q

What does the paralleling technique produce?

A

An image without distortion and magnification

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12
Q

What are the set up sets to follow in exposing?

A
  1. place film
  2. set vertical angulation
  3. set horizontal angulation
  4. center PID (cone) over the film
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13
Q

Radiographs that show a half-moon shaped area of unexposed film is the result of what?

A

result of the cone being centered over the teeth

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14
Q

what is the ultimate goal of a good radiographic technique?

A

To limit the amount of radiation the patient receives

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15
Q

What is a dark film caused by?

A

Over developing and developer solution too hot

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16
Q

Anterior films are placed?

A

vertically

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17
Q

Posterior films are placed?

A

Horizontally

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18
Q

What is the result of an image that is foreshortened?

A

Too much vertical angulation results in

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19
Q

Why is E speed film more preferable to D speed film?

A

what is requires a shorter exposure time therefore less patient radiation?

20
Q

What is the identification dot on the film significant for?

A

what is important for mounting a film?

21
Q

What will a film that is accidentally exposed to light before processing look like?

A

it will appear black after processing

22
Q

What is the purpose of fixing solution?

A

to stop the action of the developer

23
Q

What can incorrect vertical angulation produce?

A

elongation and foreshortening

24
Q

What is the primary use of bitewing projection?

A

To evaluate the proximal surfaces of the teeth

25
Q

What vertical angulation is correct for bitewing films

A

+10

26
Q

What does incorrect horizontal angulation result in?

A

What results in films being overlapped?

27
Q

What is the proper order of films in automatic processor?

A
  1. Develop
  2. Fix
  3. Rinse
  4. Dry
28
Q

What may not be equipped with proper filtration in the office?

A

Older radiology equipment

29
Q

What is the dentist responsible for?

A

Who is responsible for all aspects of safe radiation?

30
Q

What is the full series of E-speed film equivalent to?

A

1.5 days of background exposure

31
Q

What is referred to as quality assurance?

A

to produce consistent high quality images with a minimum of exposure to your patient

32
Q

The white landmarks or areas on the processed film is described as what?

A

Radiopaque is described as what?

33
Q

What does the lead apron reduce?

A

what reduces the scattered radiation to the patient?

34
Q

How far away should you position yourself from the X-ray tube head?

A

at least 8 feet

35
Q

What goes first when adding chemicals into processor?

A

fixer

36
Q

degree of blackness

A

density

37
Q

What is the number of electrons produced per second (quality)

A

Milliampers (MA)

38
Q

What controls the speed of electrons?

A

KVP

39
Q

What is from the lightest to the darkest (shades of gray)

A

contrast

40
Q

What controls the number of seconds the electrons are produced by

A

timer

41
Q

What is a negatively charged end of the X-ray tube

A

Cathode

42
Q

What removes the low energy x-ray?

A

filter

43
Q

What tungsten inset in anode

A

target

44
Q

What is the positively charged end of the x-ray tube

A

anode

45
Q

What is the lead diaphragm that restricts the size of the shape of the x-ray

A

collimator