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Diagnostic Imaging > Radiography; Terms > Flashcards

Radiography; Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Angiocardiography

A

Radiography of heart chambers & major vessels, water soluble iodine contrast - opacify

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2
Q

Anode

A

Tube head target

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3
Q

Arthrography

A

Contrast radiography of joint space - demo capsule distension/rupture/cartilage problems

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4
Q

Atom

A

Smallest possible particle of an element that retains all properties of the element.
Protons, neutrons, electrons

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5
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons possessed by an element

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6
Q

Bronchography

A

Contrast radiography of bronchial tree.

Diagnose; foreign bodies, tumours, lung lobe torsion

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7
Q

Cathode

A

Tube head filament. Negatively charged electrode where electron stream generated by thermionic emission

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8
Q

Clearing time

A

Time taken for removal of unexposed halide during fixing

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9
Q

Collimation

A

Limits of area of interest to be radiographed

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10
Q

Compression band

A

Tight support- reduce large areas; chest & abdomen

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11
Q

Contrast

A

Diff between shades on radiograph

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12
Q

Contrast media

A

Agent to opacify structure/organ - better visualisation

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13
Q

Contrast radiography

A

Radio graphic studies utilising contrast media - improved assessment of shape/size/structure

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14
Q

Controlled area

A

Area in room specific for radiography

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15
Q

Crossed grid

A

Stationary grid- lead strips, alternating with strips radiolucent material. Vertically & horizontally.
Efficient, expensive

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16
Q

Definition

A

Sharpness/clarity of structures of interest

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17
Q

Density

A

Degree of blackness

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18
Q

Developer

A

Alkaline solution (phenidone-hydroquinone); 1st stage processing radiograph

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19
Q

Dichroic fog

A

Yellow staining - insufficient rinsing/exhausted fixer

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20
Q

Double contrast radiography

A

Radiography of hollow organ using positive(water soluble iodine) & negative contrast agents(room air/O2)

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21
Q

Effective focal spot

A

Small area where x-ray beam appears to originate

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22
Q

Electron

A

Negatively charged particle revolving around nucleus of atom

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23
Q

Element

A

Simple chemical substance cannot be broken down by chemical means

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24
Q

Filament

A

Tungsten coil of tube head cathode (negatively charged electrode)

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25
Q

Film focal distance

A

Distance between focal spot & radiographic film

75-100cm

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26
Q

Film-screen combination

A

Selection of compatible film type & intensifying screen of certain speed & definition

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27
Q

Fixer

A

Acidic solution (thiosulphate) - removes unexposed silver halide crystals = permanent image

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28
Q

Flat film

A

Low contrast radiograph - grey - underdeveloped

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29
Q

Focal spot size

A

Size of area from primary beam emerges.

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30
Q

Focused grid

A

Stationary grid; vertical strips alternating lead and radiolucent material. Slopes on sides

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31
Q

Fogging

A

Undesirable darkening of radiograph

32
Q

Gastrogram

A

Contrast radiograph of stomach

33
Q

Grid

A

Prevent scatter. Placed between patient & cassette

34
Q

Grid factor

A

Amount mAs must be ++ to compensate for absorption of primary beam when using grid

35
Q

Grid ratio

A

Height of lead strips to width of radiolucent interspaces

36
Q

Intensifying screen

A

In cassette, phosphorescent crystals - intensify effect of x-ray on radiographic film

37
Q

Ionising radiation

A

Emanation of energy in form of electromagnetic x-ray waves

38
Q

Kilovoltage (kV)

A

Potential diff between filament & target of X-ray tube head; penetrating power of primary beam

39
Q

Light beam diaphragm

A

Controls size of x-ray beam

40
Q

Line voltage compensator

A

Controls fluctuations in mains electricity

41
Q

Milliamperage mA

A

Quantity of x-Ray’s in emergent beam

42
Q

Milliampere seconds mAs

A

Combo of x-ray quantity & exposure time

43
Q

Monochromatic film

A

Film sensitive only to blue light emitting screens

44
Q

Movement blur

A

Undesirable effect on exposed films - instability of equipment

45
Q

Myelography

A

Radiographic exam of spinal cord - radio opaque contrast medium - cisternall/lumbar puncture into sub-arachoid space

46
Q

Negative contrast agent

A

Radio-opaque medium; better visualisation

47
Q

Neutron

A

Uncharged particles in nucleus of atom

48
Q

Non-screen film

A

Film - not used with intensifying screens.

Intra-oral radiograph

49
Q

Object film distance

A

Distance between area to be radiographed & the film.

Should be close as possible

50
Q

Orthochromatic film

A

Film sensitive to both blue & green light emitting screens

51
Q

Parallel grid

A

Stationary grid - alternating vertical strips of lead & radiolucent material

52
Q

Penumbra effect

A

Undesirable effect; blurring of image due to large focal spot size

53
Q

Photon

A

Energy packet released when rapidly moving electrons are slowed down/halted

54
Q

Pneumocystogram

A

Contrast radiograph of bladder utilising gas as negative contrast agent - enable better visualisation

55
Q

Portal venography

A

Contrast radiography of vasculature of liver. Contrast agent intro via hepatic portal vein

56
Q

Positive contrast agent

A

Element - outline endothelial/mucosal surfaces = better visualisation.
Whiter due to high atomic no.

57
Q

Potter Bucky diaphragm

A

Moving grid, in radiograph table tops.

No grid lines, expensive.

58
Q

Primary beam

A

Useful beam of polychromatic x-Ray photons - create image on radiographic film

59
Q

Proton

A

Positively charged particle in nucleus of atom

60
Q

Pseudo-focused grid

A

Stationary grid; vertical slats, shorter @ edge

61
Q

RPA (Radiation Protection Adviser)

A

Experienced external adviser; draws up local rules & written systems of work

62
Q

RPS (Radiation Protection Supervisor)

A

Senior vet; ensures all radiographs safe and in accordance with local rules and systems

63
Q

Radiography

A

Production of diagnostic film records of internal body structures, by exposure of film sensitive to x-Ray’s

64
Q

Radiology

A

Science of radiation @ its use in diagnosis & treatment of disease

65
Q

Reduction

A

Chemical process; image produced during development.

Silver bromide ions - crystals of metallic silver, bromide ions lost in solution

66
Q

Actual focal spot

A

Area of tungsten target, stream of electrons produced at cathode impinge at high speed

67
Q

Retrograde urethrogram

A

Contrast radiography; male urethra, water soluble iodine + contrast medium- improved visualisation.
Haematuria, dysuria, urinary incontinence

68
Q

Retrograde vaginourethrogram

A

Contrast radiograph; female urethra, water soluble iodine + contrast medium.
Intro via Foley catheter

69
Q

Scattered radiation

A

Secondary radiation; produced by lower energy x-ray photons, emerge from patient

70
Q

Soot & Whitewash

A

Exposed film; v high contrast & few shades grey.

Cause low kilovoltage

71
Q

Stop bath

A

Intermediate wash bath in manual development; water, may be weak acid - halt development

72
Q

Tanning

A

Hardening of developed radiograph during fixing

73
Q

Target

A

Positively charged electrode of X-ray tube upon which electrons generated at the filament impinge

74
Q

Thermionic emission

A

Electron cloud released; following heating of filament, passing electrical current through it

75
Q

X-ray tube head

A

X-Ray’s generated here.

Contains filament & target

Diagnostic Imaging (1 decks)

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