Radiography: Patient Interactions and Management Flashcards

1
Q

What should be the first step when interacting with a patient BEFORE beginning the ordered imaging study?

A

Verifying the patient’s identity

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2
Q

At a minimum, how many patient identifiers should be used when confirming patient identity?

A

Two

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3
Q

After an iodinated contrast agent is given, the patient develops acute onset flushing, urticaria, and oral and facial edema. Further examination reveals hypotension, wheezing, and an abnormally high-pitched respiratory sound. This patient is most likely experiencing ________________ .

A

anaphylactic shock

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4
Q

An unconscious patient who is bleeding profusely is transported to the radiology department from the critical care unit for a procedure. Emergency medical care and imaging services are provided to the patient without written consent, which is considered to be __________________ consent.

A

implied consent

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5
Q

High-quality hospital care, a clean and safe environment, involvement in a patient’s own care, patient privacy protection, as well as assistance upon discharge and with billing issues are the main concepts of what document?

A

The American Hospital Association’s Patient’s Bill of Rights

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6
Q

_________________ outlines specific wishes about medical care in the event that the patient can no longer communicate or make healthcare decisions, whereas, _____________ dictates that if a patient’s death is imminent, no effort at resuscitation should be attempted.

A

An advanced directive; a DNR order

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7
Q

What medication is required to be available during an imaging procedure that involves intravenously injected contrast media?

A

Epinephrine

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8
Q

_____________________ is an effect or reaction that involves the whole body and is not necessarily site-specific.

A

A systemic effect

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9
Q

____________________ is an effect or reaction that is experienced or seen in or near the area where the exposure or administration of medication occurred.

A

A local effect

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10
Q

____________________ is an infection control system designed to reduce the risk of transmitting infections from bloodborne diseases and other pathogens.

A

The CDC’s Standard Precautions

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11
Q

What is the normal resting heart rate for an adult?

A

60–100 beats per minute

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12
Q

During an imaging study, an RT threatens harm to the patient to stay still for the examination. What legal charge could be brought against the RT by the patient?

A

Assault

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13
Q

If an RT performs an imaging study on a patient against the patient’s will, what legal charges could be brought against the RT?

A

**Battery **

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14
Q

__________________ is used for patient stabilization during an imaging study and does not need a physician’s order; _______________ are used to prevent patients from injuring themselves or disengaging medical devices and must be ordered by a physician.

A

Immobilization and restraints

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15
Q

A patient is considered to be in a hypertensive crisis and should receive emergency medical care if their blood pressure is _____________________ .

A

higher than 180 mmHg/120 mmHg

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16
Q

Acceptable patient identifiers that can be used to verify a patient’s identity may include:

A

First and last name, date of birth, assigned medical ID number or medical record number, telephone number, and/or residential address.

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17
Q

What occurs when pathogens are transmitted by means of food, water, biological products including blood, or inanimate objects?

A

Vehicle-borne transmission

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18
Q

What occurs when animals that are capable of transmitting diseases (such as flies, mites, fleas, ticks, rats, etc) transmits a pathogen to a human?

A

Vector-born transmission

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19
Q

Veins that are found in the anterior forearm, the posterior hand, the radial aspect of the wrist, and the antecubital space are most often used for ________________.

A

initiating IV lines/venipuncture

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20
Q

____________________ is a person or entity who is granted the power to make healthcare decisions on another’s behalf.

A

Healthcare power of attorney or healthcare proxy

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21
Q

________________ is a process where a patient receives an explanation of the risks and benefits of a medical procedure or imaging study and agrees in writing to participate in it.

A

Informed consent

22
Q

A civil infraction or wrongdoing committed by person against another person, or property of another person, is called a ____________ .

A

tort

23
Q

__________________ is the act of disregarding treatment guidelines to provide ethical and correct patient care.

A

Malpractice

24
Q

_________________ is a failure to provide, or an omission of, reasonable patient care.

A

Negligence

25
Q

What law was enacted to ensure the adoption of national standards that govern the use, disclosure, and protection of patients’ health information?

A

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

26
Q

__________________ is individually identifiable health information transmitted or maintained by an entity in any form or medium.

A

Protected Health Information

27
Q

What legislation established national standards for protecting certain health information that’s maintained or transferred in electronic form?

A

The HIPAA Security Rule

28
Q

Which digital image manipulation techniques should only be used by RTs to improve the quality of the displayed image and not as a substitute for using poor imaging techniques?

A

Electronic masking, shuttering, or cropping

29
Q

For RTs, professional ethics that outline correct moral action in performing one’s daily professional duties are included in what document?

A

The ARRT’s Standards of Ethics

30
Q

Which set of ethical guidelines are enforceable by the ARRT?

A

The ARRT’s Rules of Ethics

31
Q

The period of relaxation of the heart is called _______________ .

A

diastole

32
Q

For patients with diabetes who are taking metformin, how long should the patient withhold their medication after contrast administration?

A

For 48 hours after the contrast injection

33
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of a moderate reaction to contrast media?

A

Skin rash/hives (urticaria), skin redness and irritation (erythema), tightening of the airways, wheezing, coughing, and having difficulty breathing (bronchospasm)

34
Q

An IV bag should be hung how many inches above the injection site?

A

18 to 24 inches

35
Q

A patient’s pulse is most commonly taken by placing the tip of the index finger and middle finger on the ________________.

A

radial artery

36
Q

In regards to infection control techniques, _____________ creates a protective barrier from pathogens, whereas __________________ is a purposeful attack on micro-organisms.

A

asepsis; the sterile technique

37
Q

What are the CDC’s recommendations for hand hygiene in a healthcare setting using alcohol-based hand rubs?

A

Use before and after patient contact as long as the hands are not visibly soiled or contaminated; use before putting on and after removing gloves; use after contact with inanimate objects (including medical equipment) near the patient.

38
Q

What are the CDC’s second tier of basic infection guidelines that should be used in addition to Standard Precautions for patients who may have certain infectious diseases or illnesses for which additional precautions are needed?

A

Transmission-based precautions

39
Q

_________________ are infections acquired by patients more than 48 hours after being admitted to the hospital.

A

Healthcare-associated or infections (or healthcare-acquired infections); also referred to as nosocomial infections.

40
Q

What type of isolation protects hospitalized patients with compromised immune systems (often due to chemotherapy) from pathogens in their environment and is used in conjunction with contact precautions?

A

Reverse isolation or neutropenic precautions

41
Q

A patient coming in for an imaging study that requires IV contrast should have relatively normal kidney functions prior to injection. What is the approximate normal range for an adult?

A

The usual normal ranges for adults are approximately 6 mg/dL to 20 mg/dL for blood urea nitrogen and 0.6 mg/dL to 1.5 mg/dL for creatinine.

42
Q

RTs should be aware of what possible complications for patients undergoing a barium enema?

A

Physical distress, shortness of breath, and/or hypervolemia (an abrupt change of fluid concentration in the blood).

43
Q

What are the most common nosocomial infections?

A

Urinary tract infections (UTIs), surgical site infections, bloodstream infections, and pneumonia.

44
Q

What information is required to be included about a hazardous material in a Safety Data Sheet?

A

What the material is and what the hazards are; the ingredients; first-aid, fire-fighting, and accidental release measures; how to handle and store the material; exposure controls and required personal protective equipment; physical and chemical properties; stability and reactivity; and toxicology information.

45
Q

A sphygmomanometer is used to _______________ .

A

take blood pressure readings

46
Q

What essential bodily functions are measured when taking a patient’s vital signs?

A

Blood pressure, breathing/respiration rate, pulse rate, temperature, and sometimes pulse oximetry

47
Q

An autoclave sterilizes equipment through ______________________ .

A

heat produced by steam under pressure or moist heat

48
Q

During an imaging study, RTs should be aware of a patient’s level of consciousness before and during the study in case there is a sudden change in their status. What are the 4 basic levels of consciousness?

A

Alert and conscious; drowsy but responsive; unconscious but reactive to painful stimuli; comatose

49
Q

A patient who is diaphoretic can be described as _______________ .

A

sweating profusely

50
Q

What instrument measures the hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood and pulse rate?

A

A pulse oximeter