Radiography: Equipment Operation Flashcards
__________________ is an electric device used to convert alternating current into direct current by allowing a current to flow in only one direction.
A rectifier
Which 3 components are essential in order for X-ray tubes to function?
A vacuum-sealed glass/metal envelope, an electron source (cathode), and target material (anode)
What type of motor is used with X-ray tubes?
An induction motor
___________________ refers to the number of X-rays or the intensity of the X-ray beam.
**Radiation quantity **
An X-ray tube current is controlled through a separate circuit called the ______________.
filament circuit
What part of the collimator absorbs the X-ray beam?
Lead shutters
What type of X-ray generator features the exposure beginning at the maximum mA with the mA dropping as the anode heats?
A falling load generator
A vacuum tube with 2 electrodes, a cathode and an anode, is also called ______________ .
**a diode **
What is the main reason inherent filtration or added filtration are used?
**To decrease patient dose **
One side of an X-ray beam is stronger because some of the radiation created in the X-ray tube is absorbed by ________________ .
the anode
The console of a radiographic imaging system usually DOES or DOES NOT allow control of added filtration?
Does not
The most powerful X-ray that emerges from the X-ray tube is controlled by what setting?
kilovoltage peak (kVp)
What is directly proportional to receptor exposure?
**Milliampere seconds (mAs) **
When the primary X-ray beam passes through tissue, photons interact with the anatomy, and the beam’s energy is reduced, which is a process known as __________________ .
**attenuation **
The ratio of the number of light photons emitted by the output phosphor in an image intensifier tube to the number of X-rays striking the input phosphor is called __________________ .
**flux gain **
When using an image intensifier, the brightness gain can be calculated by ___________________ .
**multiplying the flux gain times the minification gain **
The component of an image intensifier tube that converts the photoelectrons into visible light is called _____________________ .
**the output phosphor **
In an image intensifier, the _____________________ converts visible light into a photoelectrons.
**photocathode **
In an image intensifier tube, __________________ is where electrons interact and produce light.
the output phosphor
__________________ is a characteristic of an image intensifier and appears as reduced brightness and contrast toward the periphery of the resulting image.
Vignetting
The fluoroscopic exposure rate may not exceed _________________ .
100 mGya per minute
The cathode assembly is made up of 2 primary parts, which are ________________ and _________________.
a filament and a focusing cup
The anode components of an X-ray tube rotate at a high rate per minute in order to ____________________
**dissipate heat **
The rows and columns of pixels displayed on a digital image is _____________________ .
**the matrix **
__________________ is a graph that reflects how many pixels of each brightness appear on an X-ray image, where the horizontal axis is brightness, and the vertical axis is the number of pixels.
A histogram
At the end of an imaging cycle, the photostimulable phosphor plate from a computed radiography system is erased using ______________________ .
a high-intensity white light
What is the function of a scintillator in a flat-panel digital receptor?
to absorb X-ray photons and emit light photons
The digital signal created by a charge-coupled device type of digital imaging receptor is created through _____________________ .
**light photons from the scintillator **
Which type of generator produces the highest number of X-rays for the same exposure technique?
A high-frequency generator
With three-phase power, the voltage applied across the X-ray tube is mostly constant and never drops below ________ during imaging.
0
In an imaging display, the brightness function is adjusted by the___________________.
**window level **
What are the 4 main components of every Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)/Medical Image Management and Processing System (MIMPS)?
The image acquisition system, the display system, the network, and the storage system.
The international standard for the storage, formatting, and transmission of digital medical images and the communication of these images from one software system to another is called ___________________
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)
X-ray tube filaments are usually made of ___________________.
**thoriated tungsten **
What are the 2 types of anodes available in an X-ray tube?
Rotating and stationary
