Radiography Flashcards
State 3 points that must be contained in the local rules
Name of appointed RPS
Description of controlled area
Arrangements for pregnant staff
What do the letters IRMER stand for?
Ionising radiation medical exposure regulations
What do the letters ALARP stand for?
As Low As Reasonably Practicable
List 2 ways you implement ALARP in the practice ?
Use a rectangular collinator
Use fastest speed of film
Give 2 ways of ensuring the safe use of any X-ray equipment in practice?
Turn off after each exposure
Engineer checks every 3 years
Lost 2 procedures that can be taken to ensure xrays are of good quality
Use film holders
Step wedge
Clinical audit
List 4 precautions that could be taken to ensure radiation is used safely in practice
Use a collinator
Wear dose meters
1.5-2m away from beam
Ensure All staff are qualified to take xrays
When should radiation machines be switched off?
After each exposure
A fast film will mean reduced exposure time? True or false
True
Main role of the RPS in practice?
Carry out radiation risk assessment
State 2 pieces of information you’d expect to see in a radiation protection file
Copy of radiography risk assessment
Copy of staff qualifications
Local rules
State 2 reasons why it is important to have quality assurance programme
Avoid needing re take films
Keep staff and patients safe
Radiation monitoring badges must be worn when more than Intra oral films are taken weekly ?
100
Radiation monitoring badges must be worn when more than Extra oral films are taken weekly?
50
State 2 adverse risks to health dental radiography can have on human body?
Damages sensitive tissues
Damage to unborn child
Give 2 reasons why it is important to maintain accurate and up to date records of X-ray film expiry dates
To avoid using an out of date film
To use oldest stock first
State 2 things an OPG radiograph would usually be taken to show?
Impacted third molars
Un erupted teeth for ortho
Briefly describe the image you would see on a bitewing
Crowns of upper and lower pre molars and molars on one side
State 3 things a bite wing would usually be taken to show?
Detect caries
Early bone loss
Overhanging restorations
State 2 things a periapical radiography would show
Working root length
Bone loss
Describe the image you would see on an anterior occlusal film
Teeth in upper arch or teeth in lower arch
What is a step wedge used for
With a test film to check quality
Describe how intensifying screens reduce patient exposure to xrays
When hit by radiation the intensifying screen glows which produces the image quicker
Controlled area?
1.5-2m patient only zone for radiographs
What further info should be recorded in pt notes after date operator standard setting and justification
Grade of film
Type of film
Outcome of film
State 3 hazards of handling the processing chemicals used in dental radiography
Risk of inhalation
Risk of skin contact
Risk of spillage
How should spent fixer be disposed of?
Red stream special waste
What is the correct sequence of events when manually developing a radiograph
Developer, Wash, Fixer, Wash
What is the function of lead foil in an X-ray film packet?
Absorbs xrays stops xrays travelling
What is the function of the black paper in an X-ray film packet?
Prevents light leakage
What is the correct order of layers in an intra oral X-ray film packet?
Paper, film, paper, lead foil
What is used to capture the image in digital radiography instead of a film
Direct digital sensor
Phospur storage plate
Grade 1?
Excellent diagnostic quality
Quality target 70% of films
No errors in exposure
Grade 2?
Acceptable diagnostic quality
Quality target 20% of films
Some errors in exposure positioning or processing
Grade 3?
Unacceptable diagnostic quality
Target quality 10% of films
Errors in exposure
Digital radiography advantages and disadvantages
Lower dose of radiation
No hazardous chemicals needed
Can enhance image
Expensive
Image may be manipulated in error
Fogging of X-ray?
Light leakage
Blurred X-ray?
Patient moved
Brown green discolouration
Under fixed
Excessive film bending
Poor handling
