Radiographs Flashcards
Briefly describe how radiographs work?
X-ray photons beamed through an object at a receptor
Attenuation patterns reveal radiographic image, allowing dense material to be visualised
What does the term ‘Transmitted’ mean in the context of Radiography?
Photons pass through unaltered
What does the term ‘Absorbed’ mean in the context of Radiography?
Photons stopped by tissue
What does the term ‘Scattered’ mean in the context of Radiography?
Photons change direction
What does the term Radiolucent mean?
Dark areas on the image
Less attenuation of X-rays
Tissue is less dense and allows X-ray transmission shows e.g. caries
What does the term Radiopaque mean?
Light areas on the image
Greater attenuation of X-rays
Tissue is more dense and ‘Absorbs’ X-rays
E.g. restoration
Provide three examples of intra-oral radiograph techniques?
Bitewing
Periapical
Occlusal
Provide two examples of Extra-oral radiograph techniques?
Panoramic
Lateral cephalogram
What is CBCT?
CBCT: Cone beam computed tomography
Provide cross-sectional imaging of the teeth/jaws: “3D scan”
Lowest resolution, ⬆️ Radiation dose, ⬆️ Cost
When do we have to use CBCT?
when routine dental imaging cannot provide the required information
Why do we use radiographs?
1-To show anatomy & pathology not visible to the naked eye
2- Allows visualisation of Hard/mineralised tissues
Curve of spee
• Normal anatomical curvature of the occlusal plane
• Curves upwards posterior
How we can indicate which tooth are shown in the radiograph?
Anatomical features:
1- Crown morphology
- shape
- number of cusps
2- Root morphology
- 1 root: incisors, canines, some premolars
- 2 roots: some premolars, ↓ molars
- 3 roots: ↑ molars
3- Curve of Spee
4 - Surrounding non-dental anatomy
What is non-dental anatomy?
• Maxillary teeth
➢ Maxillary sinus
➢ Nasal cavity
➢ Maxillary tuberosity
• Mandibular teeth
➢ Inferior alveolar canal
➢ Mental foramen
➢ Inferior border of mandible
➢ External oblique ridge
• Mental foramen lies below premolars
What type of radiograph that provides view of side teeth - crowns, some root and interdental bone?
Intra- oral bitewing radiography
What type of radiograph this image shows?
Bitewing radiograph
What type of radiograph that provides a full length view of tooth/teeth (Hence apical)
Periapical radiography
What type of radiograph this image shows?
Periapical radiography
What type of radiograph this image shows?
Panoramic radiography
What type of radiograph this image shows?
Occlusal radiography
What type of radiograph this image shows?
Occlusal radiograph
What type of radiograph this image shows?
Cross-sectional Cone beam computed tomography
What type of radiograph this image shows?
Cross-sectional Cone beam computed tomography
What type of radiograph is this?
Bitewing
Occlusal
Panoramic
Periapical
Bitewing
What type of radiograph is this?
Bitewing
Occlusal
Panoramic
Periapical
Periapical
What type of radiograph is this?
Bitewing
Occlusal
Panoramic
Periapical
Panoramic
What type of radiograph is this?
Bitewing
Occlusal
Panoramic
Periapical
Occlusal
What type of radiograph is this?
Bitewing
Occlusal
Panoramic
Periapical
Periapical
Area with the MOST attenuation of X-ray?
Area with the Least attenuation of X-ray?
Which two teeth can we see?
21 & 22
Which four teeth can we see?
44
45
46
47
Which two teeth can we see?
23 & 24
Name the missing tooth\ teeth
46
What type of filling does tooth 47 likely have?
Mesio-occlusal
What type of filling does tooth 46 likely have?
Mesio-occlusal-distal
What type of filling does tooth 45 likely have?
Disto-occlusal
What is the name of these restoration?
Root canal Filling (RCF)
What is the name of the restoration?
Crown
How many secondary\ permanent teeth are visible on this radiograph?
9
