Radiographic Testing Review Questions

Question 1

1. The penetrating ability of an X-Ray is governed by:
A. Kilovoltage or wavelength
B. Time
C. Milliamperage
D. Source-to-film distance

Answer 1

A. Kilovoltage or wavelength

Question 2

2. Two X-Ray machines operating at the same nominal kilovoltage and milliamperage settings:
   A. Will produce the same intensities and energies of radiation
   B. Will produce the same intensities but may produce different energies of radiation
   C. Will produce the same energies but may produce different intensities of radiation
   D. May give not only different intensities but also different energies of radiation

Answer 2

D. May give not only different intensities but also different energies of radiation

Question 3

3. Short wavelength electromagnetic radiation produced during the disintegration of nuclei of radioactive substances is called:
A. X-radiation 
B. Gamma radiation 
C. Scatter radiation 
D. Beta radiation

Answer 3

B. Gamma radiation

Question 4

4. Almost all gamma radiography is performed with?
A. Natural isotopes
B. Artificially produced isotopes
C. Radium 
D. Co-60

Answer 4

B. Artificially produced isotopes

Question 5

5. The energy of gamma rays is expressed by which of the following units of measurement?
   A. Curie
   B. Roentgen
   C. Half life
   D. Kiloelectronvolts (keV) or millions of electronvolts (MeV)

Answer 5

D. Kiloelectronvolts (keV) or millions of electronvolts (MeV)

Question 6

6. Of the following, the source providing the most penetrating radiation is:
A. Co-60
B. 220 kVp X-Ray tube
C. 15 MeV betatron
D. Electrons from Ir-192

Answer 6

C. 15 MeV betatron

Question 7

7. Common sources of neutrons for neutron radiography are:
A. Electron linear accelerators 
B. Isotopes of cobalt (Co-60)
C. Nuclear reactors
D. Betatrons

Answer 7

C. Nuclear reactors

Question 8

8. The difference between the densities of two areas of a radiograph is called:
A. Radiographic contrast
B. Subject contrast
C. Film contrast
D. Definition

Answer 8

A. Radiographic contrast

Question 9

9. The fact that gases, when bombarded by radiation, ionize and become electrical conductors makes them useful in:
A. X-ray transformers
B. Flouroscopes
C. Masks
D. Radiation detection equipment

Answer 9

D. Radiation detection equipment

Question 10

10. The reason exposure time must be increased by a factor of four when the source-to-film distance is doubled is that the:
    A. Intensity of radiation decreases at an exponential rate when the source-to-film distance is increased
    B. Energy of radiation is inversely proportional to the square root of the distance from the source to the film
    C. Intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source to the film
    D. Scattered radiation effect is greater as the source-to-film distance increases

Answer 10

C. Intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source to the film

Question 11

11. The most important factor in x-ray absorption of a specimen is:
A. The thickness of the specimen
B. The density of the specimen
C. The atomic number of the material
D. Young’s modulus of the material

Answer 11

C. The atomic number of the material

Question 12

12. The maximum permissible dose per quarter of a calendar year is 12 mSv (1.25 rem) for:
    A. Hands, feet, forearms and ankles
    B. Skin of the whole body
    C. Whole body, head and active blood forming organs, eyes and gonads
    D. A fetus from occupational exposure of a declared pregnant woman

Answer 12

C. Whole body, head and active blood forming organs, eyes and gonads

Question 13

13. Exposure to small doses of X-Rays or gamma rays:
    A. Has a cumulative effect that must be considered when monitoring for maximum permissible dose
    B. Is beneficial because it serves to build an immunity in humans to radiation poisioning
    C. Will have no effect on human beings
    D. Will have only a short term effect on human tissue

Answer 13

A. Has an accumulative effect that must be considered when monitoring for maximum permissible does

Question 14

14. Which of the following technique variables is most commonly used to adjust subject contrast?
A. Source to film distance
B. Millamperage
C. Kilovoltage
D. Focal spot size

Answer 14

C. Kilovoltage

Question 15

15. A basic difference between a radiograph and a fluoroscopic image is that:
    A. The fluoroscopic image is more sensitive
    B. The fluoroscopic image is positive whereas the radiographic image is negative
    C. The fluoroscopic image is brighter
    D. There is no basic difference between the two

Answer 15

B. The fluoroscopic image is positive whereas the radiographic image is negative

Question 16

16. Thin sheets of lead foil in intimate contact with X-ray film during exposure increase film density because they:
    A. Fluoresce and emit visible light, which helps expose the film
    B. Absorb the scattered radiation
    C. Prevent backscattered radiation from fogging the film
    D. Emit electrons when exposed to X and gamma radiation, which helps to darken the film

Answer 16

D. Emit electrons when exposed to X and gamma radiation, which helps to darken the film

Question 17

17. When viewing a radiograph, an image of the back of the cassette super-imposed on the image of the specimen is noted.  This is most likely due to: 
A. Undercut
B. Overexposure
C. X-ray intensity being too high
D. Backscattered radiation

Answer 17

D. Backscattered radiation

Question 18

18. An image quality indicator (IQI) is used to measure the:
    A. Size of discontinuities in a part
    B. Density of the film
    C. Amount of radiation that penetrates the test object
    D. Quality of the radiographic technique

Answer 18

D. Quality of the radiographic technique

Question 19

19. In film radiography, IQIs are usually placed:
    A. Between the intensifying screen and the film
    B. On the source side of the test object
    C. On the film side of the test object
    D. Between the operator and the radiation source

Answer 19

B. On the source side fo the test object

Question 20

20. At voltages above 400 kV, the use of lead to provide protection may present serious structure as problems.  If this should be a serious problem, which of the following materials would most likely be used as a substitute?
A. Aluminum 
B. Concrete
C. Steel
D. Boron

Answer 20

B. Concrete

Question 21

21. A distinctive characteristic of mega volt radiography is that it:
    A. Results in comparatively high subject contrast
    B. Results in comparatively high radiographic contrast
    C. Is applicable to comparatively thick or highly absorbing specimens
    D. Is utilized for stainless steels only

Answer 21

C. Is applicable to comparatively thick or highly absorbing specimens

Question 22

22. Given the radiographic equivalency factors of 1.4 for Inconel and 1.0 for 304 stainless steel, what is the approximate equivalent thickness of Inconel to produce the same exposure as a 3.8 mm thickness of 304 stainless?
A. 3 mm
B. 9 mm
C.18 mm
D. 36 mm

Answer 22

A. 3 mm

Question 23

23. The fact that each solid crystalline substance produces its own characteristic X-Ray pattern is the basis for:
A. Xeroradiography
B. Fluoroscopic testing
C. Polymorphic testing
D.  X-ray diffraction testing

Answer 23

D. X-ray diffraction testing

Question 24

24. When inspecting a light metal casting by fluoroscopy, which of the following discontinuities would most likely be detected?
A. Copper shrinkage
B. Microshrinkage
C. Shrinkage
D. Fine cracks

Answer 24

C. Shrinkage

Question 25

25. A critical weld was made with a double v-groove. Among those listed, which radiographic technique would provide coverage with the greatest probability for detecting the most serious discontinuity?
    A. A single exposure centered on the weld and perpendicular to the principal surface of the plate
    B. Two exposures aligned with the v-groove, focus +/- 30 degrees off perpendicular
    C. Two exposures, perpendicular to the plate, offset by the width of the weld bead
    D. A single exposure as in a, above, but with two films aligned +/- 30 degrees off perpendicular

Answer 25

B. Two exposures aligned with the v-groove, focus +/- 30 degrees off perpendicular

Question 26

27. A fuse assembly is radiographed so that measurements can be made on the film to determine a minimum internal clearance dimension. What should be factored into the dimension taken from the film?
    A. Projection magnification
    B. Film latitude
    C. Slope of the characteristic curve
    D. Image quality indicator (IQI) alignment

Answer 26

A. Projection magnification

Question 27

28. Miniature electronic components are to be radiographically inspected to reveal broken copper wire leads of 0.2 mm diameter. Which of the following image quality indicators (IQI) would be most effective to use in establishing a reliable technique?
    A. A series of steel plaque-type IQIs ranging in thickness from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, containing 1T, 2T and 4T holes
    B. A plastic block with the radiographic thickness equivalent of the test objects, containing precision-drilled holes ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm diameter
    C. A plastic block with the radiographic thickness equivalent of the test objects, containing copper wires ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm diameter
    D. A series of copper shims ranging in thickness from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm containing 1/2T and 1T holes.

Answer 27

C. A plastic block with the radiographic thickness equivalent of the test objects, containing copper wires ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm diameter