Radiographic Case Studies

Question 1

How is a false negative achieved on a radiograph?

Answer 1

Lesion not visible on the film or not observed

Question 2

How is a false positive achieved on a radiograph?

Answer 2

Feature of film is misinterpreted as a relevant lesion

Question 3

How can errors occur in radiography?

Answer 3

Poor quality due to poor positioning/incorrect exposure/faults
Insufficient radiographs due to not enough projections, radiographs of contra-lateral limb not obtained, repeat radiographs after time can be helpful

Question 4

What are the radiographic signs of disc prolapse?

Answer 4

Narrowed intervertebral space
Calcified material superimposed on vertebral canal
Small and/or opaque intervertebral foramen
Gas in intervertebral space (vacuum phenomenon)

Question 5

What are some successful strategies for radiographic interpretation?

Answer 5

Use all available prompts
Think of all possible diagnoses early in examination of radiograph
Try to find relationship between multiple abnormalities
Take your time
Location of a lesion is a major clue to the diagnosis