Radioactivity and Radiation PJ Flashcards
what is quantity?
what is being measured
what is unit?
what the quantity is being measured in
what is the transformation of unstable atomic nuclei into more stable nuclei?
radioactivity
where is radiation emitted from?
the nuclei during the transformation process.
Define activity in terms of “_____” under specified packaging conditions.
radium in equilibrium with its daughters
what is the curie based on?
the disintegration rate of 1 gram of radium
what is the decry rate for 1 gram of Ra in equilibrium with its daughters?
3.7 x 10 ^10 disintegrations per second (dps)
what is the SI unit for activity?
becquerel (Bq)
how many disintegrations per second is one becquerel?
one
1 Ci = ___ dps
1 mCi = ___ dps
1 μCi = ___ dps
1 curie = 3.7 x 10 ^10 dps
1 milliocurie = 3.7 x 10 ^7 dps
1 microcurie = 3.7 x 10 ^4 dps
1 Ci = ___ GBq
1 mCi = ___ MBq
1 μCi = ___ kBq
1 Ci = 37
1 mCi = 37 MBq
1 μCi = 37 kBq
what is the measure of the amount of radioactivity (or radioisotope) present?
activity
radiation ____ is how much radiation is present
intensity
how is radiation exposure measured? (unit)
coulombs / kg
exposure is only defined for ____ of up to ___ MeV energy
exposure is only defined for photons of up to 3 MeV energy
what is a measure of energy deposited by radiation in matter?
radiation absorbed dose (RAD)
what is the exposure/absorbed air dose relationship?
1 R produces 87.7 erg/gram in air
1 Gy = ___ rad
100 rad
1 rad = ___ Gy
0.01 Gy
what is energy “released” within a given volume of material?
KERMA
what does KERMA stand for?
Kinetic Energy Released in Material
is the value of the quantity “absorbed dose” is dependent or independent of the type of radiation depositing the energy?
independent
what is obtained by multiplying the radiation absorbed dose (in rad or gray units) by a quality factor dependent on the type of radiation?
dose equivalent
what is the quality factor derived from?
relative biological effectiveness (RBE)
what is the quality factor for x ray, gamma, and beta?
1
what is the quality factor for alpha?
20
what is the quality factor for neutrons of unknown energy
10
what is the formula for dose equivalent?
absorbed dose x quality factor
what is the SI unit of dose equivalent? what is the unit of dose equivalent still used in US?
SI: sievert (Sv)
US: rem (rad equivalent man)
1 Sv = ___ rem
100
