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Physics Y9 > Radioactivity And Circuits(short( > Flashcards

Radioactivity And Circuits(short( Flashcards

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1
Q

Background radiation

A

Radiation we are exposed to daily

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2
Q

What are three ionising radiations that we are exposed to

A

Cosmic rays
Food(bananas)
Normally occurring rocks
HUMAN
industry and hospitals

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3
Q

average background level

A

0.1-0.2 micro sieverts

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4
Q

Sievert

A

Derived unit if ionising radiation dose in the international system of units is used. It is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionising radiation on the human body

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5
Q

Where was the first atomic bomb dropped

A

Second World War in Hiroshima Japan

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6
Q

What is uranium under uv light

A

Fluorescent

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7
Q

Where was the first atomic bomb was detonated

A

Trinity sure in new mexico

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8
Q

What happened after an atomic bomb

A

Catastrophic amounts of heat were given out by the explosion and the sand in the surrounding area turned to trinity (green)

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9
Q

Why do pilots and flight attendants have to limit their flights on annual basis

A

As in the air they have more radiation exposure from the sun die the flights being at high altitude

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10
Q

What are 2 well known nuclear meltdowns

A

Chemobly= April 1986
Fukushima=march 2011

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11
Q

Why is the measure of Fukushima similar to chemobly

A

Even though chemobly was more catastrophic their vales of radiation are similar because Fukushima happened more recent and therefore the fallout from chemobly had decayed.

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12
Q

Name jobs from highest to lowest that you are exposed to radiation

A

Smoker
Astronaut
Radiographer
Dentist
Pilot

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13
Q

How many sieverts is fatal

A

2

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14
Q

When does radioactivity occur

A

Radioactivity occurs when an unstable nucleus decays and releases or admits an alpha particle a beta particle or a alpha wave

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15
Q

Alpha particle

A

Helium nucleus

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16
Q

Beta particle

A

Electron

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17
Q

Gamma

A

Ray

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18
Q

Alpha can be stopped by

A

Least amount of energy and can be stopped by a thin shape of paper

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19
Q

Beta particles are stoped by

A

Aluminium

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20
Q

What particle can nothing stop

A

Gamma

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21
Q

Henri becquerel

A

1852 to 1908. joint noble prize winner for the discovery of radioactivity after which the SI unit becquerel( one decay per second )was named. 

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22
Q

Marie curie

A

1867 to 1934. first female to win a noble prize and only person to win two in science her first was in 1903 and joint with her husband Pierre and Henri becquerel for the discovery of radioactivity and the second in 1911 for chemistry. 

23
Q

Ernest Rutherford

A

1871 to 1937. famous for his gold leaf experiment which led to the current model of the atom he discovered that there were two types of radiation coming from the decay of uranium. alpha and beta. 

24
Q

What radiation is used in X-rays

A

X-rays

25
Q

How do X-ray scans work

A

Calcium absorbs x-rays better than soft tissue so shows brighter. The bones are the brightest(white) as they have the highest mass number.

26
Q

A ct scan gives a more detailed version than what

A

An X-ray

27
Q

What can X-rays view aside bones

A

Teeth

28
Q

What is a,so used and what does it stand for

A

PET scans
Positron emissions tomography

29
Q

What happens during a PET scan

A

Biological molecule is a radioactivity substance which is injected or ingested when undergoing a radioactive trace examination or pet scan 

30
Q

What type of radioactivity is being looked at during pet scans

A

Gamma ray photons

31
Q

What parts of your body would under go pet scans

A

Brain heart or internal organs

32
Q

Alpha decay

A

Radioactive emission of a particle

33
Q

Background radiation definition

A

Radiation occurring naturally around us when no known the source is prsent

34
Q

Beta decay

A

Radioactive emission of B particles

35
Q

Dose

A

Strength of radiation

36
Q

Gamma rays

A

Em radiation shortest

37
Q

Geiger counter

A

Device which measures rate of decay

38
Q

Meltdown

A

Uncontrolled radioactivity

39
Q

Radioactivity

A

Emission of ionising alpha beta or gamma due to the random spontaneous decay of a nucleus 

40
Q

Tracers

A

Chemical compound containing radionuclides used to trace activity in medical PET scan

41
Q

Uranium

A

Radioactive element

42
Q

X-rays definition

A

Used in medical imaging to check for broken bones, tumours location etc

43
Q

Switch

A

Line dot angled line dot line

44
Q

Cell

A

Horizontal line vertical line gap thick line horizontal line

45
Q

Battery

A

Horizontal line vertical line gap thick line dashes vertical line gap thick line and horizontal line

46
Q

Lamp/bulb

A

Line circle with x through it line

47
Q

Conventional batteries in physics are called

A

Cells

48
Q

What makes a batter

A

2 or more cells

49
Q

What does a circuit do

A

Yeah, idea of a circuit diagram is to use circuit symbols instead of drawing each component in the circuit always make wire straight lines not wiggly

50
Q

Any breaks in the circuit

A

The bulb will go out

51
Q

The more efficient the circuit is

A

The brighter the bulb

52
Q

What efficient ways and effective ways based on

A

Series
Parallel

53
Q

Circuit benefits

A

There are many ways to connect components together and as long as the circuit is complete I conducting materials and a continuous path between the two terminals of the cell/battery then the electricity will flow

Physics Y9 (4 decks)

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