Radioactivity And Circuits(short( Flashcards
Background radiation
Radiation we are exposed to daily
What are three ionising radiations that we are exposed to
Cosmic rays
Food(bananas)
Normally occurring rocks
HUMAN
industry and hospitals
average background level
0.1-0.2 micro sieverts
Sievert
Derived unit if ionising radiation dose in the international system of units is used. It is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionising radiation on the human body
Where was the first atomic bomb dropped
Second World War in Hiroshima Japan
What is uranium under uv light
Fluorescent
Where was the first atomic bomb was detonated
Trinity sure in new mexico
What happened after an atomic bomb
Catastrophic amounts of heat were given out by the explosion and the sand in the surrounding area turned to trinity (green)
Why do pilots and flight attendants have to limit their flights on annual basis
As in the air they have more radiation exposure from the sun die the flights being at high altitude
What are 2 well known nuclear meltdowns
Chemobly= April 1986
Fukushima=march 2011
Why is the measure of Fukushima similar to chemobly
Even though chemobly was more catastrophic their vales of radiation are similar because Fukushima happened more recent and therefore the fallout from chemobly had decayed.
Name jobs from highest to lowest that you are exposed to radiation
Smoker
Astronaut
Radiographer
Dentist
Pilot
How many sieverts is fatal
2
When does radioactivity occur
Radioactivity occurs when an unstable nucleus decays and releases or admits an alpha particle a beta particle or a alpha wave
Alpha particle
Helium nucleus
Beta particle
Electron
Gamma
Ray
Alpha can be stopped by
Least amount of energy and can be stopped by a thin shape of paper
Beta particles are stoped by
Aluminium
What particle can nothing stop
Gamma
Henri becquerel
1852 to 1908. joint noble prize winner for the discovery of radioactivity after which the SI unit becquerel( one decay per second )was named. 
Marie curie
1867 to 1934. first female to win a noble prize and only person to win two in science her first was in 1903 and joint with her husband Pierre and Henri becquerel for the discovery of radioactivity and the second in 1911 for chemistry. 
Ernest Rutherford
1871 to 1937. famous for his gold leaf experiment which led to the current model of the atom he discovered that there were two types of radiation coming from the decay of uranium. alpha and beta. 
What radiation is used in X-rays
X-rays
How do X-ray scans work
Calcium absorbs x-rays better than soft tissue so shows brighter. The bones are the brightest(white) as they have the highest mass number.
A ct scan gives a more detailed version than what
An X-ray
What can X-rays view aside bones
Teeth
What is a,so used and what does it stand for
PET scans
Positron emissions tomography
What happens during a PET scan
Biological molecule is a radioactivity substance which is injected or ingested when undergoing a radioactive trace examination or pet scan 
What type of radioactivity is being looked at during pet scans
Gamma ray photons
What parts of your body would under go pet scans
Brain heart or internal organs
Alpha decay
Radioactive emission of a particle
Background radiation definition
Radiation occurring naturally around us when no known the source is prsent
Beta decay
Radioactive emission of B particles
Dose
Strength of radiation
Gamma rays
Em radiation shortest
Geiger counter
Device which measures rate of decay
Meltdown
Uncontrolled radioactivity
Radioactivity
Emission of ionising alpha beta or gamma due to the random spontaneous decay of a nucleus 
Tracers
Chemical compound containing radionuclides used to trace activity in medical PET scan
Uranium
Radioactive element
X-rays definition
Used in medical imaging to check for broken bones, tumours location etc
Switch
Line dot angled line dot line
Cell
Horizontal line vertical line gap thick line horizontal line
Battery
Horizontal line vertical line gap thick line dashes vertical line gap thick line and horizontal line
Lamp/bulb
Line circle with x through it line
Conventional batteries in physics are called
Cells
What makes a batter
2 or more cells
What does a circuit do
Yeah, idea of a circuit diagram is to use circuit symbols instead of drawing each component in the circuit always make wire straight lines not wiggly
Any breaks in the circuit
The bulb will go out
The more efficient the circuit is
The brighter the bulb
What efficient ways and effective ways based on
Series
Parallel
Circuit benefits
There are many ways to connect components together and as long as the circuit is complete I conducting materials and a continuous path between the two terminals of the cell/battery then the electricity will flow
