Radioactivity

Question 1

what are isobars

Answer 1

• ->isobars are atoms of different elements having the same mass number
• ->but the different atomic number

eg = 23Na11, 23Mg12

Question 2

what are isotopes

Answer 2

• ->isotopes are atoms to the same element having the same atomic number
• ->but the different mass number

eg = 1h1, 2h1, 3h1

Question 3

what are isotones

Answer 3

• ->isotones are atoms having the same number of neutrons
• ->but different number of protons

eg = 23Na11, 23Mg12

Question 4

what is radioactivity?

Answer 4

• ->it is the process of spontaneous decay of unstable nuclei
• ->emitting alpha, ßeta, gamma particles from the nucleus of the atoms

Question 5

what are radioactive substances

Answer 5

the substances which decay from spontaneous emmision of radiations are called radioactive substances

eg = uranium, radium, thorium

Question 6

effect of alpha particles emission on mass and atomic number

Answer 6

• ->atomic number decrease by 2

- ->mass numnber decrease by 4

Question 7

effect of beta particles emission on mass and atomic number

Answer 7

• ->atomic number increase by 1 (electron)

- ->mass number no change

Question 8

effect of gamma particles emission on mass and atomic number

Answer 8

no change

Question 9

properties of alpha particles

Answer 9

–> it has least penetration and high ionizing power

–> alpha particles effect photographic plate

–> are effected by electric and magnetic field

–> it is a positively charged particle as denoted by a 2He4

Question 10

properties of beta particles

Answer 10

–> it has 100x penetration as compared to alpha particles

–> beta particles effect a photographic plate

–> are effected by electric and magnetic field

–> it is negatively and positively charged particle and has negligible mass

Question 11

properties of gamma particles

Answer 11

–> it has 1000x penetrating in nature and 100x penetrating in nature in compared to alpha and beta particles

–>gamma radiations affect a photographic plate

–> are NOT affected by the electric and magnetic field

–> it is a negatively charged particle and has no mass

Question 12

state the relation between eV and joule

Answer 12

1eV = 1.6 x 10^-19 Joules

Question 13

what is Alpha radiation used for

Answer 13

• ->Cancer Treatment
• ->Static Eliminator
• ->Smoke Detector

Question 14

what is Beta radiation used for

Answer 14

• -> Beta radiation is used for tracers and monitoring the thickness of materials.
• -> carbon dating

Question 15

what is gamma radiation used for

Answer 15

• -> metal detectors

- -> x rays