RADIOACTIVITY ☢️ Flashcards

1
Q

Radioactivity

A

The spontaneous breaking up of unstable nuclei with the émission of 1 or more types of radioactivity

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2
Q

Nuclear Reactions

A

The process that alters the composition, structure , or energy of an atomic nucleus

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3
Q

Transmutation

A

The changing from one element to another

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4
Q

Half life

A

The time taken for half the atoms in a sample of a radioactive isotope to decay

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5
Q

Geiger-Muller tube

A

The instrument used to detect radiation

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6
Q

ALPHA🐺

A
  • contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons (same as helium nucleus)
  • Have a +2 charge , meaning they will deflect in a magnetic field
  • Slowest because of the larger mass
    Least penetrating power (sheet of paper
  • Use Americium-241 smoke detectors
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7
Q

ALPHA EQUATION🐺

A

Mass number= - 4
Atomic number= -2
Eg 231
TH =
90

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8
Q

BETA🙍‍♂️

A

Formed when a neutron in an unstable nucleus is changed into a proton and electron
Has -1 charge because it’s 1 electron
Travels faster than alpha particles
can be stopped 5mm sheet of aluminium
Use- Carbon-14 in Carbon-14 dating

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9
Q

BETA EQUATION 🙍‍♂️

A

Mass number= stays the same
Atomic number = +1
Eg 90
Co =
27

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10
Q

GAMMA 👾

A

Electromagnetic wave of radiation
Has no electric or magnetic properties cause it has no charged particles
Can be cancerous when exposed
Fastest and most penetrating power can be stopped by a thick block of lead
Use: Conbalt-60 in radiotherapy

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11
Q

GAMMA EQUATION 👾

A

Both stay the same
Eg 90
Co
27

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