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atomic Structure > radioactivity > Flashcards

radioactivity Flashcards

1
Q

What is radioactivity?

A

Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of radiation from the nucleus of an unstable atom.

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2
Q

True or False: Radioactivity is a chemical reaction.

A

False

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3
Q

Which type of radiation has the shortest wavelength?

A

Gamma radiation

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4
Q

What is the SI unit used to measure radioactivity?

A

Becquerel (Bq)

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5
Q

Which element is commonly used in radioactive dating of rocks?

A

Uranium

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6
Q

What is the process by which an unstable nucleus emits radiation?

A

Radioactive decay

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7
Q

What type of radiation can be stopped by a sheet of paper?

A

Alpha radiation

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8
Q

What is the half-life of a radioactive element?

A

The time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay

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9
Q

Which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power?

A

Gamma radiation

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10
Q

What device is used to detect and measure radioactivity?

A

Geiger counter

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11
Q

True or False: Radioactive decay is affected by external factors such as temperature and pressure.

A

False

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12
Q

What is the main concern with exposure to ionizing radiation?

A

Increased risk of cancer

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13
Q

What is the process by which an unstable nucleus transforms into a more stable nucleus?

A

Nuclear transmutation

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14
Q

Which type of radiation consists of high-energy electrons?

A

Beta radiation

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15
Q

What is the primary source of natural background radiation?

A

Radon gas

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16
Q

What is a common application of radioisotopes in medicine?

A

Cancer treatment

17
Q

True or False: Radioactive decay always results in the formation of a stable nucleus.

A

True

18
Q

What is the process by which two nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus?

A

Nuclear fusion

19
Q

Which type of radiation has the least ionizing power?

A

Gamma radiation

20
Q

What is the primary hazard associated with exposure to alpha radiation?

A

Internal exposure through ingestion or inhalation

21
Q

True or False: Radioactive decay can be accelerated by external factors.

A

False

22
Q

What is the main difference between fission and fusion?

A

Fission involves splitting a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei, while fusion involves combining lighter nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.

23
Q

Which type of radiation has the highest energy levels?

A

Gamma radiation

24
Q

What is the primary hazard associated with exposure to beta radiation?

A

External exposure to skin and tissues

atomic Structure (4 decks)

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