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Rad 104 Radiation Protection > Radiation prox > Flashcards

Radiation prox Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the first casualty of manmade radiation to die in 1904?

A

Clarence Dally

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2
Q

When was the snook transformer and Coolidge tube created?

A

Snook - 1907

Coolidge - 1913

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3
Q

___ is the recommended tolderance dose of roentgen/day

A

.2

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4
Q

When did NCRP get its name?

A

1946

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5
Q

What is the purposes of public law 97-35?

A

To provide a minimum standard for the accreditation of education program
Ensure medical and dental rad procedures are consistent with standard

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6
Q

2 origins of radiation

A

Natural and Manmade

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7
Q

in Natural, what are some ways to receive radiation?

A

Cosmic Rays and Rad Substances

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8
Q

how much percentage of radiation exposure comes from manmade?

A

18.

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9
Q

of that 18% manmade exposure, how much is medical?

A

90%

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10
Q

Particulate Radiation has two types of particles…

A

Alpha and Beta

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11
Q

which of the particles is heavier and cannot travel far?

A

Alpha

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12
Q

What type of radiation is X ray and Gamma?

A

Electromagnetic Radiation

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13
Q

What are the 4 types of UOM?

A

Exposure, Absorbed Dose, Dose Equivalent, Radioactivity

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14
Q

The sum of the charges of one sign produced by photon irradiation per unit mass, is…

A

Exposure

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15
Q

what did exposure replace?

A

Skin Erythema Dose

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16
Q

What is the UOM for Exposure?

A

Roentgen

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17
Q

1 Roentgen =____

A

2.58x10 to the -4

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18
Q

when ionization radiation passes through the object, energy of that radiation is transferred by the object. What is this definition of?

A

Absorbed Dose

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19
Q

What did Absorbed Dose replace?

A

Exposure

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20
Q

This UOM was developed to modify Absorbed Dose to reflect lvl of biological damage caused by particular radiation

A 
Dose equivalent (EqD)
EqD=D x Wr
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21
Q

What is the UOM for Absorbed Dose?

A

RAD (radiation absorbed Dose)

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22
Q

This unit of measurement is used to measure a nuclide’s transformation rate.

A

Radioactivity

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23
Q

unit of radioactivity is….

A

Curie (Ci)

24
Q

Exposure in System International is…

A

Coulombs/Kg

25
Q

SI for absorbed dose is…

A

Gray(Gy)

26
Q

What is the ratio of Gy to RAD?

A

1 : 100, 1 Rad : 0.01 Gy

27
Q

What is the SI for Dose Equivalent?

A

Sievert (SV)

28
Q

what is the relationship of Sv to REM?

A

1 : 100, 1 REM : 0.01 Sv

29
Q

Radioactivity in SI is…

A

Becquerel (Bq)

30
Q

Ci to Bq…

A

3.7 x 10 to the tenth Bq : 1 Ci

31
Q

How do you convert Roentgen to C/Kg? and C/Kg to Roentgen?

A

Multiply 2.58 x 10 to the -4, Divide to convert C/Kg to R

32
Q

When converting Rad to Gray and Gray to Rad

A

Rad to Gray = multiply by 0.01 and Gray to Rad = Divide by 0.01

33
Q

When converting from REM to Sv and Sv to REM

A

Multiply by 0.0.1 and Divide 0.01

34
Q

This Radiation detector is also use to take radiograph and personal dosimetry

A

Radiographic film

35
Q

This device is used to measure Radiation intensity

A

Gas Filled Detectors

36
Q

Gas filled detectors are highly sensitive, what does this mean?

A

can detect very low lvl radiation intensity

37
Q

Sensity = Accuracy T/F?

A

False

38
Q

High accuracy = _____

A

detect and precise measurement

39
Q

This device can be designed to fxn as rate meter device. Measures X and Gamma Radiation.

A

ionization chamber

40
Q

Ionization chamber can accurately measure exposure below ___ keV

A

100

41
Q

Ionization chamber can precisely measure output intensity of diagnostic x ray machine, which means they are….

A

Highly Accurate

42
Q

This radiation detector can be equipped with audio amplifier and speaker

A

Gieger counter

43
Q

Scintillation detectors works based on the

A

sparkle and twinkle of irradiated materials

44
Q

What are the 3 Cardinal principles ?

A

Time, Distance, and Shielding

45
Q

If radiographer has to hold the pt in emergency ….

A

stay out of the primary beam

46
Q

What is the purpose of the beam limiting device?

A

reduces harmful effects of scatter, limit size of beam, and improve image contrast

47
Q

This is the simplest of all BLD

A

Aperture diaphragm

48
Q

This BLD device is widely used in dental radiography

A

Cones and Cylinders

49
Q

What is the most common BLD?

A

Variable Aperture Collimator (aka positive beam limiting Device)

50
Q

What are the different types of filtration?

A

Inherent and added

51
Q

what makes up inherent filtration?

A

Glass envelope, insulating oil, and glass window

52
Q

What happens to filtration as time passes in the inherent filtration?

A

filtration incr, beam quality incr, and quantity goes down

53
Q

Added filter is outside the housing unit what is it made up of?

A

Aluminum

54
Q

What makes up total filtration?

A

inherent + added filtration

55
Q

4 types of compensating filters

A

Wedge, Bow Tie, Coni, and Trough Filter

56
Q

When is grid used on body parts?

A

when its greater than 10 cm thickness

57
Q

how do you avoid repeats (4 things)?

A

Proper technique, Proper Positioning, Letter marker, PT ID

Rad 104 Radiation Protection (1 decks)

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