Radiation protection Flashcards
define exposure?
measurement of ionization in air produced by x-ray
-only used for x-ray and gamma rays
3-measurs anmout of energy that reaches the surface of organism
unit of exposure?
Roentgen (R)
define dose? and what is the unit?
amount of energy absorbed by tissues
-the traditional unit is Rad
-in SI it is Gray
-applied to all form of energy
define dose equivalent?
it compares the biologic effects of different types of radiation
what is the unit for dose equivalent?
traditional = ram
SI unit = sievert (Sv)
what is the Sievert used in dentistry?
1/10 to the power of 6
what is the quality factors for different radiations?
x-rays, beta particles and gamma = 1
protons, low energy neutrons = 5
alpha particle, high energy neutrons = 20
define the effective dose?
the sum of the weighted equivalent doses in all of the tissue and organs of the body affected by ionizing radiation
-unit is Sv
radiation protection, before exposure
1-appropriate prescribing of radiographs
based on individual need, should be taken after clinical examination
2-use of proper equipment
what are the proper equipment of x-ray?
1-aluminum filters
2-lead collimator
3-PID
filtration is measured in?
mm
what is the total filtration?
inherent filtration + additional filtration
which collimators shape is better?
rectangular
radiation protection, during exposure
1-lead apron and thyroid collar
2-fast film (e, or f)
3-film holding device
4-exposure factor selection
5-proper technique
thyroid collar not recommended in ?
extra oral radiography