Radiation of Ray-finned fishes P1

Question 1

What is the latin name for the ray-finned fishes? (class)

Answer 1

Actinopterygii

Question 2

How many living species of Actinopterygii are there?

Answer 2

26, 891

Question 3

What is Actinopterygii’s sister group?

Answer 3

Sarcopterygii

Question 4

How many subclasses of Actinopterygii are there?

Answer 4

3

Question 5

What are the subclassesof actinopterygii??

Answer 5

1. Cladistia
2. Chrondostei
3. Neopterygii

Question 6

How many species of Cladistia are there? Examples?

Answer 6

16

Bichirs

Question 7

How many species of Chondrostei are there? Examples

Answer 7

27 species

Sturgeons & paddlefishes

Question 8

What are defining features of the subclass Cladistia?

Answer 8

Bony plates
Spiracles
Lack of swim bladder
Ganoid scales

Question 9

What are the defining features of the subclass Chondrostei?

Answer 9

Cartilaginous skeleton

Question 10

How many orders are in the subclass Neopterygii?

Answer 10

3

Question 11

What are the orders of the subclass Neopterygii?

Answer 11

Lepisosteiformes

Amiiformes

Teleostei

Question 12

How many species are there in the order Lepisosteiformes? Example

Answer 12

7 species

Gars

Question 13

How many species are there in the order Amiiformes? Example

Answer 13

1 species

Bowfin

Question 14

How many species are there in the order Teleostei? Example

Answer 14

26, 840

“True” bone fish (everything else)

Question 15

What are the defining features of the order Lepisosteiformes?

Answer 15

Ancestral fishes

Ganoid scales

Heterocercal tail

Predominantly elongated, predatory fish

Gas bladder - can be used for respiration

Question 16

What are the defining features of the order Amiiformes?

Answer 16

Heterocercal tail

Rudimentary/basic spiral valve intestine – similar to sharks

Cycloid scales

Can ungulate its dorsal fin in order to proper forward

Question 17

What are the defining features of the order Teleostei?

Answer 17

Mobile premaxilla

Neural arches on dorsal side of tail bases

Uroneural bones

Ventral pharyngeal tooth plates unpaired

Particular arrangement of skull bones

Question 18

What are the subdivisions of the division Teleostei?

Answer 18

Osteoglossomorpha
Elomorpha
Otocephala

Question 19

What are examples of the subdivision Osteoglossomorpha?

Answer 19

Bonytongue
Featherkin knifefishes
Elephant fishes
Gymnarchids

Question 20

What are examples of the subdivision Elomorpha?

Answer 20

gulper/swallower eels
Ladyfishes
Tarpons
Bone fishes
‘true eels’

Question 21

What are the superorders of Otocephala?

Answer 21

Clupeomorpha

Ostariophysi

Question 22

How many species are in the superorder Clupeomorpha? And what are their defining features

Answer 22

364

Mainly marine
Includes herrings, anchovies, shads
Very abundant and commercially important

Question 23

How many species are in the superorder Ostariophysi? And what are their defining features

Answer 23

7890

68% of all FW fishes
Sophisticated chemical alarms
Includes minnows, catfishes, carps, loaches, suckers, tetras, piranhas

Question 24

What is true of soft rays (fins)?

Answer 24

Usually soft & not pointed
Segmented
Usually branched
Bilateral, left and right halves

Question 25

What is true of fin spines?

Answer 25

Usually hard and pointed
Unsegmented
Unbranched
solid

Question 26

How many species are in the superorder Acanthopterygii?

Answer 26

14, 800