Radiation of Ray-finned fishes P1 Flashcards
What is the latin name for the ray-finned fishes? (class)
Actinopterygii
How many living species of Actinopterygii are there?
26, 891
What is Actinopterygii’s sister group?
Sarcopterygii
How many subclasses of Actinopterygii are there?
3
What are the subclassesof actinopterygii??
- Cladistia
- Chrondostei
- Neopterygii
How many species of Cladistia are there? Examples?
16
Bichirs
How many species of Chondrostei are there? Examples
27 species
Sturgeons & paddlefishes
What are defining features of the subclass Cladistia?
Bony plates
Spiracles
Lack of swim bladder
Ganoid scales
What are the defining features of the subclass Chondrostei?
Cartilaginous skeleton
How many orders are in the subclass Neopterygii?
3
What are the orders of the subclass Neopterygii?
Lepisosteiformes
Amiiformes
Teleostei
How many species are there in the order Lepisosteiformes? Example
7 species
Gars
How many species are there in the order Amiiformes? Example
1 species
Bowfin
How many species are there in the order Teleostei? Example
26, 840
“True” bone fish (everything else)
What are the defining features of the order Lepisosteiformes?
Ancestral fishes
Ganoid scales
Heterocercal tail
Predominantly elongated, predatory fish
Gas bladder - can be used for respiration
What are the defining features of the order Amiiformes?
Heterocercal tail
Rudimentary/basic spiral valve intestine – similar to sharks
Cycloid scales
Can ungulate its dorsal fin in order to proper forward
What are the defining features of the order Teleostei?
Mobile premaxilla
Neural arches on dorsal side of tail bases
Uroneural bones
Ventral pharyngeal tooth plates unpaired
Particular arrangement of skull bones
What are the subdivisions of the division Teleostei?
Osteoglossomorpha
Elomorpha
Otocephala
What are examples of the subdivision Osteoglossomorpha?
Bonytongue
Featherkin knifefishes
Elephant fishes
Gymnarchids
What are examples of the subdivision Elomorpha?
gulper/swallower eels
Ladyfishes
Tarpons
Bone fishes
‘true eels’
What are the superorders of Otocephala?
Clupeomorpha
Ostariophysi
How many species are in the superorder Clupeomorpha? And what are their defining features
364
Mainly marine
Includes herrings, anchovies, shads
Very abundant and commercially important
How many species are in the superorder Ostariophysi? And what are their defining features
7890
68% of all FW fishes
Sophisticated chemical alarms
Includes minnows, catfishes, carps, loaches, suckers, tetras, piranhas
What is true of soft rays (fins)?
Usually soft & not pointed
Segmented
Usually branched
Bilateral, left and right halves
What is true of fin spines?
Usually hard and pointed
Unsegmented
Unbranched
solid
How many species are in the superorder Acanthopterygii?
14, 800
