Radiation (EM Spectrum) Flashcards

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1
Q

Give one use of ultraviolet.

A
  • security marking
  • detecting forged bank notes
  • fluorescent lamps
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2
Q

Which wave in the electromagnetic spectrum has the longest wavelength?

A

Radio waves have the longest wavelength.

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3
Q

In what way is UV (ultraviolet) a danger?

A

Too much exposure to UV can cause skin cancer.

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4
Q

Give one application of microwaves.

A
  • heating food
  • mobile phone communications
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5
Q

How does UV (ultraviolet) benefit human health?

A

UV helps generate vitamin D for healthy skin.

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6
Q

What do all waves in the electromagnetic spectrum have in common?

A

All waves in the electromagnetic spectrum travel at the same speed (the speed of light).

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7
Q

Give one use of infrared.

A
  • thermal imaging
  • remote controls
  • security systems (motion sensor)
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8
Q

Which wave in the electromagnetic spectrum has the least energy?

A

Radio waves have the least energy.

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9
Q

Give one use of X-rays.

A
  • medical X-ray scans
  • airport security scanners
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10
Q

State a detector of infrared radiation.

A
  • photodiode
  • phototransistor
  • thermistor
  • thermocouple
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11
Q

Give one application of radio waves.

A
  • Broadcasting
  • Satellite transmissions
  • Communications
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12
Q

What speed do all waves in the electromagnetic spectrum travel at?

A

All waves in the electromagnetic spectrum travel at the speed of light - 3 x 108 ms-1.

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13
Q

Which wave in the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?

A

Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength.

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14
Q

How is the frequency of a wave in the e.m. spectrum related to its energy?

A

The higher the frequency of a wave in the e.m. spectrum, the more energy the wave has.

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15
Q

State a detector of UV (ultraviolet).

A

Fluorescent material can be used to detect UV.
This can be in the form of special ink, or chemicals in washing powder.

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16
Q

Give one application of gamma rays.

A
  • sterilising food and medical equipment
  • treating cancer
  • medical tracers
17
Q

State a detector of radio waves.

A

An aerial is used to detect radio waves.

18
Q

Name the seven different types of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Try to list them from long λ (wavelength) to short λ.

A

Radio (long λ)

Microwaves

Infrared

Visible

Ultraviolet

X-rays

Gamma rays (short λ)

19
Q

Give one use of visible light.

A
  • photography
  • illumination
    • car headlights
    • street lighting
    • barcode scanner at checkout
20
Q

What type of radiation does a laser emit?

A

A laser will emit one single frequency (and wavelength) of ‘light’. Normally this is visible light (e.g. red, green, blue) but it possible to get infrared lasers.

21
Q

Which wave in the electromagnetic spectrum has the greatest energy?

A

Gamma rays have the greatest energy.

22
Q

Complete the following sentence:

All waves carry ……………

A

All waves carry energy.

23
Q

Describe what is meant by gamma radiation.

A
  • Gamma radiation is a wave in the electromagnetic spectrum
  • Gamma rays have no mass or charge
  • Gamma rays have a very short wavelength and a high frequency